The Library
1530 papers on microsampling and monitoring, each with a finding paraphrased to our standard and labelled in one vocabulary. Every entry links to a legitimate copy; nothing is copied from an abstract.
Papers 901–1000 of 1530, newest first.
2022
Self-collection of extragenital swabs identified Chlamydia or gonorrhoea in 7.3 per cent of people with HIV, all missed by urine testing alone. Sixty-three per cent of these infections were asymptomatic, self- and provider-collected samples yielded equivalent error rates, and participant satisfaction was high, demonstrating that decentralised, patient-led STI screening is both accurate and acceptable.
Automated Sexual History and Self-Collection of Extragenital Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Improve Detection of Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infections in People with HIV — Chapman et al., AIDS patient care and STDs (paywalled)
- urine
- self-collection
- acceptability
- sti
2022
Point-of-care salivary osmolarity measurement correlated strongly with first-morning urine specific gravity in hypertensive older adults, and patients on diuretics showed significantly higher values indicating dehydration. This suggests saliva testing could serve as a rapid, noninvasive alternative for hydration screening in community-based, decentralised care.
Point-of-Care Saliva Osmolarity Testing for the Screening of Hydration in Older Adults With Hypertension — Atjo et al., Journal of the American Medical Directors Association (paywalled)
- saliva
- urine
2022
Saliva self-collected by children within minutes of eating showed reduced SARS-CoV-2 detection for over half of foods tested, but a 20-minute waiting period restored accurate results in nearly all cases. This provides evidence that fasting is unnecessary for decentralised viral testing, offering a practical protocol for home collection.
Food for thought: Eating before saliva collection and interference with SARS-CoV-2 detection — Hernandez et al., Journal of medical virology
- saliva
- self-collection
- validation
- pediatric
- serology
2022
Noninvasive salivary measurements of creatinine, cystatin C and urea, and fingerstick capillary blood testing, can approximate gold‑standard laboratory results for kidney function. This could enable more frequent, home‑based monitoring to detect CKD progression and AKI episodes without the burdens of conventional venepuncture and laboratory processing.
Novel monitoring of renal function and medication levels in saliva and capillary blood of patients with kidney disease — Beshay et al., Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension (paywalled)
- blood
- saliva
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
2022
An LC-MS/MS method for dried blood spots simultaneously quantifies four therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and estimates haematocrit from haemoglobin peptides with >0.9 correlation to laboratory values, enabling accurate therapeutic drug monitoring from self-collected samples for decentralised care.
Development of an LC-MS/MS method to simultaneously quantify therapeutic mAbs and estimate hematocrit values in dried blood spot samples — Chiu et al., Analytica chimica acta (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- volumetric
- validation
- tdm
- biologics
- haematocrit
2022
A cross-sectional survey of 1,087 men who have sex with men in Jiangsu province, China found a syphilis prevalence of 6.3% and chlamydia prevalence of 4.2%, with higher odds among those recruited online and with recent STI diagnosis. The use of first-void urine for nucleic acid amplification testing demonstrates the utility of decentralised sampling for STI screening in high-risk populations.
Prevalence of syphilis and chlamydia trachomatis infection among men who have sex with men in Jiangsu province, China: A cross-sectional survey — Hu et al., Frontiers in public health
- urine
- first-void
- serology
- sti
2022
In a small substudy of psoriasis patients, lateral flow testing for adalimumab agreed very well with ELISA (r=0.95, R2=0.89) and capillary VAMS from finger prick correlated strongly with serum (r=0.87), while patients found home microsampling acceptable, indicating promise for decentralised TDM of biologics and warranting larger validation.
Promising Tools to Facilitate the Implementation of TDM of Biologics in Clinical Practice — Soenen et al., Journal of clinical medicine
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- self-collection
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- tdm
- biologics
2022
Finger-prick VAMS sampling gives results that agree well with venous blood for paracetamol and three of its four metabolites, offering a less burdensome method for pharmacokinetic studies in obese and non-obese patients. Concentrations of APAP-cysteine in dried blood require careful interpretation, as this metabolite showed the largest differences between capillary and venous samples.
Application of a Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling (VAMS)-Based Method for the Determination of Paracetamol and Four of its Metabolites as a Tool for Pharmacokinetic Studies in Obese and Non-Obese Patients — Boffel et al., Clinical pharmacokinetics (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
2022
Dried blood spot testing achieved high acceptability among Métis community members in a culturally tailored pilot. Participants valued the ease of self-collection, the reduction of logistical barriers and stigma through event-based delivery, and the provision of Métis-specific services, suggesting that community-centred microsampling can expand HIV and sexually transmitted infection screening in decentralised diagnostics.
Assessing the acceptability of dried blood spot testing for HIV and STBBI among Métis people in a community driven pilot project in Alberta, Canada — Landy et al., BMC health services research
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
- serology
- sti
2022
Self-collected urine or penile-meatal swabs identified Mycoplasma genitalium in 12.8% of Ugandan men with urethritis, with macrolide resistance in 10.7% of positive cases. This supports decentralised STI screening in settings where clinic-based collection is limited.
Retrospective Analysis of Ugandan Men with Urethritis Reveals Mycoplasma genitalium and Associated Macrolide Resistance — Melendez et al., Microbiology spectrum
- urine
- self-collection
- sti
2022
Optimal sleep behaviours at 8 months positively predicted cognitive and language abilities at 14 months in infants. Salivary cortisol analysis also revealed that optimal toddler sleep correlated with higher morning cortisol, linking early sleep patterns to stress axis development.
Infant sleep behaviors relate to their later cognitive and language abilities and morning cortisol stress hormone levels — Hernandez-Reif & Gungordu, Infant behavior & development (paywalled)
- saliva
- pediatric
- hormones
- cortisol
2022
First-void urine from women with recurrent spontaneous abortion showed that Chlamydia trachomatis infection was associated with upregulated SOD2 and downregulated SOD1 expression, alongside increased oxidative stress markers 8-hydroxyguanosine and 8-isoprostane, suggesting a role for antioxidant imbalance and ROS detoxification pathways in RSA pathogenesis.
Aberrant gene expression of superoxide dismutases in Chlamydia trachomatis-infected recurrent spontaneous aborters — Ray et al., Scientific reports
- urine
- first-void
- sti
2022
Volumetric absorptive microsampling with mass spectrometry correlated well with reference methods for haemoglobin A1c, but imprecision fell short of clinical quality standards. The platform successfully identified haemoglobin variants, indicating promise for decentralised proteomic testing while requiring precision improvements for routine use.
Evaluation of Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling and Mass Spectrometry Data-Independent Acquisition of Hemoglobin-Related Clinical Markers — Lima et al., Journal of proteome research (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- biomarkers
2022
A new LC-MS/MS method quantifies four immunosuppressants from one 3.2 mm dried blood spot using cold-induced phase separation, achieving accurate results and favourable interchangeability with a certified whole blood method in 120 paired clinical samples, supporting decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring.
Quantification of immunosuppressants from one 3.2 mm dried blood spot by a novel cold-induced phase separation based LC-MS/MS method — Le et al., Analytica chimica acta (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
2022
In an Italian sample of 359 healthy adults the telephone ALS-CBS-PhV showed good reliability and diagnostic accuracy against established telephone cognitive tests (AUC 0.82-0.89) and was statistically equivalent to the in-person version, supporting its use for remote cognitive screening in motor neuron disease and in decentralised clinical trials.
ALS Cognitive Behavioral Screen-Phone Version (ALS-CBS™-PhV): norms, psychometrics, and diagnostics in an Italian population sample — Aiello et al., Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
- dct
- digital-biomarker
2022
Among 108 gender-diverse youth of colour aged 16-24, this study documented high rates of housing instability (30%), limited healthcare access (26% had no place to go for healthcare), and elevated substance use and sexual risk behaviours. The protocol included self-collection of rectal, frontal, and throat swabs for STI testing alongside urine and blood sampling, demonstrating decentralised diagnostic methods in a marginalised population with poor healthcare access.
Health and service utilization among a sample of gender-diverse youth of color: the TRUTH study — Rusow et al., BMC public health
- urine
- self-collection
- sti
2022
Saliva shows promise as a patient-friendly alternative to nasopharyngeal swabs for COVID-19 diagnosis, particularly for decentralised testing, though variability in collection and processing methods affects sensitivity. Standardising protocols could improve reliability and support wider use in decentralised diagnostics.
Saliva as an alternative specimen to nasopharyngeal swabs for COVID-19 diagnosis: Review — McPhillips & MacSharry, Access microbiology
- saliva
- self-collection
- validation
- acceptability
- serology
2022
Three-quarters of dementia care dyads completed eight weeks of in-home saliva collection for cortisol and DHEA-S, with patients and caregivers producing equally valid samples. This demonstrates that self-administered saliva collection is feasible even among people with cognitive impairment, supporting decentralised stress biomarker monitoring in this population.
The Feasibility and Acceptability of In-Home Saliva Collection for Stress in Persons With Dementia and Their Family Caregivers — Emami et al., Biological research for nursing (paywalled)
- saliva
- self-collection
- acceptability
- hormones
- cortisol
2022
Menstrual blood HbA1c levels showed strong concordance and a robust linear relationship with systemic venous HbA1c in both healthy and diabetic women, supporting its use as a non-invasive alternative for glycaemic monitoring.
Novel use of menstrual blood for monitoring glycaemic control in patients with diabetes: a proof-of-concept study — Naseri et al., BMJ sexual & reproductive health (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- venous-agreement
2022
In a pilot study of 100 adults, 70 per cent collected an adequate capillary blood sample using the Tasso-SST device, and among those with an adequate sample results showed high concordance with routine phlebotomy for SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing, supporting the use of this self-collection system in decentralised diagnostics.
Comparison of a Blood Self-Collection System with Routine Phlebotomy for SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Testing — Wixted et al., Diagnostics
- blood
- capillary
- self-collection
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- serology
2022
Women reported that urine collection was more acceptable than cervicovaginal self sampling, and most found the instructions clear, supporting the use of home based urine self collection to improve participation in cervical screening.
Experiences and preferences towards collecting a urine and cervicovaginal self-sample among women attending a colposcopy clinic — Schaafsma et al., Preventive medicine reports
- urine
- self-collection
- acceptability
2022
Retrospective analysis of 15,218 paired samples from two paediatric centres showed capillary blood counts differ systematically from venous results, with haemoglobin 6.5 g/L higher and platelet count 7.01 × 10⁹/L lower on average. This large-scale evidence enables accurate interpretation of capillary samples in children, which is crucial for patient-centric microsampling in decentralised diagnostics.
Differences between capillary and venous blood counts in children-A data mining approach — Becker et al., International journal of laboratory hematology (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
2022
In women with abnormal cervical cytology, self-collected vaginal samples showed substantial agreement with physician-collected samples for HPV detection, particularly for high-risk types 16 and 18. Urine samples yielded moderate agreement but remained effective for high-risk types, suggesting both self-collection methods could support decentralised cervical screening programmes.
Human papillomavirus testing and cytology using physician-collected uterine cervical samples vs. self-collected vaginal samples and urine samples — Terada et al., International journal of clinical oncology (paywalled)
- urine
- self-collection
- validation
- hpv
- sti
2022
Higher engagement in regular HIV and STI testing was associated with incident STIs and health seeking behaviours, and participants rated self-sampling as convenient.
Regular Testing of HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections With Self-Collected Samples From Multiple Anatomic Sites to Monitor Sexual Health in Men Who Have Sex With Men: Longitudinal Study — Wong et al., JMIR formative research
- urine
- self-collection
- acceptability
- sti
2022
Fifty-one per cent of racially and ethnically diverse gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men returned at least one self-collected specimen, blood, urine, pharyngeal or rectal swabs, or hair, within six weeks when offered for remote HIV and STI screening and pre-exposure prophylaxis adherence testing; most specimens were adequate for laboratory processing. Non-return was associated with lower education, employment, and lower HIV/STI knowledge and concern, indicating that while self-collection is feasible for decentralised diagnostics, targeted engagement strategies are needed.
Study Evaluating Self-Collected Specimen Return for HIV, Bacterial STI, and Potential Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Adherence Testing Among Sexual Minority Men in the United States — Sharma et al., American journal of men's health
- blood
- urine
- self-collection
- serology
- sti
2022
In a cohort of transgender women in São Paulo, self-collection of urine and other genital samples for STI screening was highly acceptable, with most participants preferring self-collection over provider collection for reasons of privacy and comfort; this supports the feasibility of decentralised, patient-centric sampling for STI diagnosis.
Acceptability of self-sampling for etiological diagnosis of mucosal sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among transgender women in a longitudinal cohort study in São Paulo, Brazil — McCartney et al., The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases
- urine
- self-collection
- acceptability
- sti
2022
In a Ugandan cohort, 96% of participants successfully collected at least 16 of 24 requested at-home dried blood spots, with strong correlation (R=0.93) between parasite RNA detected in self-collected spots and venous blood. The method was well tolerated, indicating self-collected DBS can reliably support decentralised malaria surveillance in endemic settings.
Feasibility of community at-home dried blood spot collection combined with pooled reverse transcription PCR as a viable and convenient method for malaria epidemiology studies — Hergott et al., Malaria journal
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- pediatric
- serology
2022
Researchers validated an LC-MS/MS method for measuring 5-fluorouracil, capecitabine and metabolites from Neoteryx Mitra VAMS devices, achieving acceptable precision (3.0–8.1% intra-day, 6.3–13.3% inter-day) and accuracy (95–114%). Enabling at-home blood collection for therapeutic drug monitoring could reduce toxicity and improve outcomes in oncology patients by supporting individualised dosing.
Measurement of 5- fluorouracil, capecitabine and its metabolite concentrations in blood using volumetric absorptive microsampling technology and LC-MS/MS — Radovanovic et al., Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
- oncology
2022
The study found that an at-home urine testing system could predict ovarian reserve, identify up to six fertile days and confirm ovulation by measuring four hormones across the menstrual cycle, potentially screening for ovulatory disorders in a decentralised setting.
Complete Cycle Mapping Using a Quantitative At-Home Hormone Monitoring System in Prediction of Fertile Days, Confirmation of Ovulation, and Screening for Ovulation Issues Preventing Conception — Wegrzynowicz et al., Medicina
- urine
- self-collection
- fertility
- hormones
2022
The AFFECT study successfully recruited and characterised 48,467 participants with major depression, bipolar disorder, and controls through a fully remote design. This demonstrates the viability of large-scale virtual and decentralised cohorts for deep phenotyping and genomic analysis of psychiatric conditions.
Characterizing mood disorders in the AFFECT study: a large, longitudinal, and phenotypically rich genetic cohort in the US — Dalby et al., Translational psychiatry
- dct
- genotyping
2022
Morning self-collection of saliva and nasal swabs produces significantly higher SARS-CoV-2 viral loads than evening collection, which translates to improved detection rates especially for tests of low to moderate analytical sensitivity. This timing strategy offers a simple, low-cost enhancement to diagnostic sensitivity for decentralised and home-based COVID-19 testing.
Morning SARS-CoV-2 Testing Yields Better Detection of Infection Due to Higher Viral Loads in Saliva and Nasal Swabs upon Waking — Viloria Winnett et al., Microbiology spectrum
- saliva
- self-collection
- serology
2022
Saliva-based SARS-CoV-2 testing enables patient self-collection and reduces resource burden compared with swab methods, making it suitable for decentralised surveillance in low- and middle-income countries. The paper identifies a critical gap between demonstrated effectiveness and real-world implementation, calling for targeted research to overcome regulatory and operational barriers.
Saliva-based methods for SARS-CoV-2 testing in low- and middle-income countries — Tan et al., Bulletin of the World Health Organization
- saliva
- self-collection
- serology
2022
Capillary blood self-sampling achieved 98.3% agreement with venous samples for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and 100% for IgA among 60 participants, demonstrating accuracy for vaccine monitoring. Saliva self-collection proved feasible with excellent usability, offering a patient-centric alternative for decentralised immunogenicity assessment.
Self-collection of capillary blood and saliva to determine COVID-19 vaccine immunogenicity in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and health professionals — Schmetzer et al., Frontiers in public health
- blood
- saliva
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- serology
2022
PfLDH-detecting rapid tests evaluated in Ethiopian field settings achieved only 69 to 72% sensitivity and 36 to 38% specificity against PCR and immunoassay. This suboptimal performance challenges their suitability for decentralised malaria diagnosis, especially where HRP2 gene deletions require alternative antigen targets.
Field performance of Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase rapid diagnostic tests during a large histidine-rich protein 2 deletion survey in Ethiopia — Feleke et al., Malaria journal
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- serology
2022
Among 92 patients on HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis, 79.3 per cent returned home-collected kits comprising dried blood spots, urine, and oropharyngeal swabs. Nearly 87.7 per cent were extremely to moderately satisfied with avoiding clinic visits, and mean turnaround fell from 17 to 5 days, showing self-collection is a feasible, patient-centric model for decentralised sexual health and SARS-CoV-2 screening.
Feasibility and Acceptability of Home-Collected Samples for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Preexposure Prophylaxis and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Laboratory Tests in San Francisco Primary Care Clinics — Saberi et al., Open forum infectious diseases
- blood
- urine
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
- serology
- sti
2022
In Chicago neighbourhood pairs with markedly different COVID-19 case rates, self-collected dried blood spots showed similar anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG seropositivity, indicating comparable prior exposure and suggesting that social determinants and comorbidities drive the observed disparities in case rates.
Geographic disparities in COVID-19 case rates are not reflected in seropositivity rates using a neighborhood survey in Chicago — Mustanski et al., Annals of epidemiology
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- serology
2022
In 50 prostate cancer patients, first‑void urine collection captured bacteria more frequently than midstream sampling (87.8% versus 75.3% of specimens), and radiotherapy caused a temporary reduction in urinary microbiome species richness. These findings validate first‑void sampling for decentralised microbiome monitoring in oncology.
A New Approach to Imaging and Rapid Microbiome Identification for Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy — Maślak et al., Biomedicines
- urine
- first-void
- microbiome
2022
The study validated dried microsampling methods for clozapine therapeutic drug monitoring using VAMS and microfluidic blood spot devices. With extraction yields around 85% and satisfactory precision, these approaches could support decentralised monitoring of psychiatric patients, improving compliance and safety.
Dried Volumetric Microsampling Approaches for the Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Psychiatric Patients Undergoing Clozapine Treatment — Marasca et al., Frontiers in psychiatry
- blood
- dried
- vams
- dbs
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
2022
An in-house RT-qPCR primer set demonstrated superior sensitivity and specificity for SARS-CoV-2 compared with WHO and CDC primers across sputum, nasopharyngeal and saliva specimens. Sputum provided the highest sensitivity, while self-collected saliva outperformed oropharyngeal samples, supporting specimen choice as a critical factor for accurate decentralised COVID-19 testing.
Accuracy of Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction in COVID-19 Patients — Lawrence Panchali et al., Microbiology spectrum
- saliva
- self-collection
- validation
- serology
2022
Real-time racial discrimination predicted higher next-morning salivary cortisol in healthy Black adults, suggesting everyday discrimination influences HPA axis activity. Self-collection of saliva enabled repeated, decentralised measurement of stress hormones in daily life.
Real-time racial discrimination, affective states, salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase in Black adults — Nam et al., PloS one
- saliva
- self-collection
- hormones
- cortisol
2022
Salivary cortisol profiles measured from self-collected samples were associated with symptom severity and neurobehavioural impairment after mild traumatic brain injury, suggesting salivary cortisol may be a useful biomarker for characterising biological factors that influence outcomes.
Association between Altered Cortisol Profiles and Neurobehavioral Impairment after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in College Students — Villegas et al., Journal of neurotrauma (paywalled)
- saliva
- self-collection
- cortisol
- biomarkers
2022
Self-collected saliva and anterior nares swabs showed slightly lower sensitivity than nasopharyngeal swabs but were acceptable alternatives for symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 testing and surveillance, especially with increased sampling frequency in asymptomatic individuals.
Viral RNA Load and Infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 in Paired Respiratory and Oral Specimens from Symptomatic, Asymptomatic, or Postsymptomatic Individuals — Tallmadge et al., Microbiology spectrum
- saliva
- self-collection
- validation
- serology
2022
Dried blood spots collected by fingerprick at home produced SARS-CoV-2 antibody results comparable to plasma or serum in ELISA and commercial assays, reliably detecting responses months after infection and tracking post-vaccination kinetics in a community survey across 12 cities. This demonstrates that self-collected DBS enable longitudinal serosurveillance without phlebotomy, supporting their use in decentralised diagnostics when venous sampling is impractical.
Development and Implementation of Dried Blood Spot-Based COVID-19 Serological Assays for Epidemiologic Studies — Wong et al., Microbiology spectrum
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2022
Among 328 Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome, home testing identified obstructive sleep apnea in 40%, with higher body mass index and blood pressure in those affected. This shows decentralised sleep monitoring can uncover important comorbidities in patients attending fertility clinics.
Analysis of the proportion and clinical characteristics of obstructive sleep apnea in women with polycystic ovary syndrome — Yang et al., Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung (paywalled)
- fertility
- hormones
- rpm
2022
Vaginal self-sampling detected HPV with 94.4% sensitivity and 92.1% specificity against clinician collection, while urine self-sampling achieved 88.8% sensitivity and 94.1% specificity. Both methods yielded high negative predictive values, showing that self-sampling can provide accurate HPV screening in rural settings without clinician involvement.
Role of Self-Sampling for Cervical Cancer Screening: Diagnostic Test Properties of Three Tests for the Diagnosis of HPV in Rural Communities of Cuenca, Ecuador — Vega Crespo et al., International journal of environmental research and public health
- urine
- self-collection
- validation
- hpv
- sti
2022
The review found saliva to be a non‑invasive, well‑tolerated specimen for SARS‑CoV‑2 detection that enables home self‑sampling, thereby protecting healthcare workers from exposure. It concluded that salivary diagnostics could offer a rapid, cost‑effective approach for early COVID‑19 screening, but further research is needed to establish reliability.
Salivary diagnostics of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) — Michailidou et al., Oral diseases (paywalled)
- saliva
- self-collection
- validation
- serology
2022
Self-collected saliva tested with a rapid, connected RT-LAMP assay showed 85.9% sensitivity and 99.5% specificity for SARS-CoV-2 compared with RT-qPCR, supporting its use for ambulatory screening and enabling connected reporting to health authorities.
Performances of rapid and connected salivary RT-LAMP diagnostic test for SARS-CoV-2 infection in ambulatory screening — Schneider et al., Scientific reports
- saliva
- self-collection
- validation
- serology
2022
In a retrospective cohort, late-night salivary cortisol had 95% sensitivity and 91% specificity, while late-night salivary cortisone had 86% sensitivity and 100% specificity; using an optimal cut-off of 14.5 nmol/L, late-night salivary cortisone achieved 95.2% sensitivity and 100% specificity with an AUC of 0.997, supporting simultaneous measurement of both as first-line screening for suspected Cushing's syndrome, and because saliva collection is non-invasive and can be done at home, it is suitable for patient-centric decentralised diagnostics.
Late-night salivary cortisol and cortisone should be the initial screening test for Cushing's syndrome — Mohamed et al., Endocrine connections
- saliva
- self-collection
- hormones
- cortisol
2022
Capillary blood collected at home with the MiniCollect device showed good agreement with venous sampling for HbA1c analysis, supporting remote self-collection as a convenient alternative that maintains clinical performance and patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Remote capillary blood collection for HbA<sub>1c</sub> measurement during the COVID-19 pandemic: A laboratory and patient perspective — Groenendijk et al., Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
2022
A fully remote home-testing model using dried blood spot self-collection and nasal swabs enrolled over 10,000 adults and achieved high retention, but demographic inequities emerged, indicating that remote trials can scale research and improve accessibility while requiring intensive participant support and robust technology to maintain engagement and data quality.
Feasibility and lessons learned on remote trial implementation from TestBoston, a fully remote, longitudinal, large-scale COVID-19 surveillance study — Naz-McLean et al., PloS one
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- dct
- serology
2022
Self-collected dried blood spot samples showed 98.1% categorical agreement with venous serum and professional dried blood spot samples showed 100% agreement, enabling at-home serology with robust shipping stability and interference testing.
Monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies using dried blood spot for at-home collection — Miesse et al., Scientific reports
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2022
TB-MBLA testing of OMNIgene-stabilised stool detected Mycobacterium tuberculosis with 80% sensitivity and 79% specificity against sputum culture in 100 adults, offering a viable alternative for patients unable to produce sputum. The RNA-based assay quantified bacterial load, showing higher burdens in HIV-co-infected individuals, while stool cultures suffered 21-26% contamination rates.
High Mycobacterium tuberculosis Bacillary Loads Detected by Tuberculosis Molecular Bacterial Load Assay in Patient Stool: a Potential Alternative for Nonsputum Diagnosis and Treatment Response Monitoring of Tuberculosis — Musisi et al., Microbiology spectrum
- stool
- stabilised
- dna-genotek-omnigene
- validation
- serology
2022
The study validated an LC-MS/MS method for measuring eight tyrosine kinase inhibitors in dried blood samples collected via VAMS, showing good accuracy, precision and haematocrit independence. It demonstrated agreement with venous sampling, supporting the use of decentralised, patient-centric microsampling for oncology drug monitoring.
Volumetric absorptive microsampling as a suitable tool to monitor tyrosine kinase inhibitors — Verougstraete & Stove, Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- oncology
- haematocrit
2022
Self-collected urine HPV testing in 195 transpeople showed 19.0% overall HPV positivity, with 79.0% preferring urine tests to provider-collected screening, indicating high acceptability and potential to reach an under-screened group.
HPV screening in the urine of transpeople - A prevalence study — Pils et al., EClinicalMedicine
- urine
- self-collection
- acceptability
- hpv
- sti
2022
The study validated a method to measure cannabidiol, THC and their metabolites in small blood samples collected via VAMS from epilepsy patients, showing it is suitable for therapeutic drug monitoring in a decentralised setting using a virtually painless technique.
Cannabidiol, ∆<sup>9</sup>-tetrahydrocannabinol, and metabolites in human blood by volumetric absorptive microsampling and LC-MS/MS following controlled administration in epilepsy patients — Pigliasco et al., Frontiers in pharmacology
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
- toxicology
2022
The study found that decentralised data collection was reported in 68.9% of clinical trial protocols, especially in phase 3 trials, while other decentralised activities were less common. This highlights a growing but still limited adoption of decentralised methods in clinical research, with implications for designing more patient-centric trials.
Which decentralised trial activities are reported in clinical trial protocols of drug trials initiated in 2019-2020? A cross-sectional study in ClinicalTrials.gov — de Jong et al., BMJ open
- dct
2022
Surveyed oncologists and patients indicated that decentralized trials aim to reduce patient burden, increase enrollment and retention, and improve trial logistics via remote data collection, supporting a patient-centric shift in oncology drug development.
Role of decentralized clinical trials in cancer drug development: Results from a survey of oncologists and patients — de Las Heras et al., Digital health
- dct
2022
The online Trier Social Stress Test increased cortisol and alpha amylase, increased arousal and reduced pleasure, with stronger cortisol responses in men and 64 per cent of participants classified as responders, supporting decentralised diagnostics by showing remote saliva sampling can capture stress biomarkers.
Validation of an online version of the trier social stress test in adult men and women — Meier et al., Psychoneuroendocrinology (paywalled)
- saliva
- self-collection
- validation
- hormones
- cortisol
2022
The Tasso SST capillary blood micro-sampling device generated reproducible serum protein measurements, but its concordance with venous samples was analyte-specific: CRP, ferritin, IL-6 and PCT showed strong agreement, while D-dimer, IL-1β and IL-1Ra did not. Self-collection at home with delayed processing led to significant concentration differences for several proteins, underscoring that user proficiency and timely sample handling are critical for decentralised diagnostic applications.
Assessing the use of a micro-sampling device for measuring blood protein levels in healthy subjects and COVID-19 patients — Brandsma et al., PloS one
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- biomarkers
2022
Patients with systemic rheumatic diseases found at-home capillary blood self-sampling easy to use, and both patients and clinicians identified benefits such as time and cost savings, increased independence, and reduced COVID-19 infection risk. The approach could complement rheumatology telehealth services, though limited sample volume and usability challenges for those with functional restrictions are important considerations for implementation.
At-home blood self-sampling in rheumatology: a qualitative study with patients and health care professionals — Muehlensiepen et al., BMC health services research
- blood
- capillary
- self-collection
- acceptability
2022
A six-month, fully decentralised trial in 100 atrial fibrillation patients using remote blood pressure and six-lead ECG sensors achieved 99% completion for device measurements and 91% for televisits, with oral anticoagulation adherence remaining stable at 96–97%. Rapid recruitment via social media (94 participants in 12 days) demonstrates that remote monitoring can sustain high engagement without clinic visits, supporting pandemic-proof trial designs.
Pandemic-proof recruitment and engagement in a fully decentralized trial in atrial fibrillation patients (DeTAP) — Sarraju et al., NPJ digital medicine
- dct
- wearable
- rpm
- digital-biomarker
2022
Self-collected saliva samples detected an extra 12% of SARS-CoV-2 infections that were missed by routine clinician-collected nasopharyngeal swabs, suggesting saliva can improve case finding in contact tracing. Antigen tests agreed well with reference methods only in early symptomatic individuals, indicating that timing and symptom status critically affect test accuracy in decentralised settings.
Limitations of Molecular and Antigen Test Performance for SARS-CoV-2 in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic COVID-19 Contacts — Robinson et al., Journal of clinical microbiology
- saliva
- self-collection
- validation
- serology
2022
In a general population study, self-performed nasal rapid antigen testing demonstrated higher sensitivity for SARS-CoV-2 than saliva testing (68.9% versus 46.7%), with both tests showing 99% specificity. The nasal test sensitivity rose to 83.9% when considering viral load thresholds for infectiousness, and participants found both tests easy to perform, supporting decentralised screening strategies while highlighting that saliva-based self-testing is insufficiently reliable for clinical use.
Head-to-head comparison of the accuracy of saliva and nasal rapid antigen SARS-CoV-2 self-testing: cross-sectional study — Schuit et al., BMC medicine
- saliva
- self-collection
- validation
- serology
2022
This review outlines practical considerations for using dried blood spot microsampling in therapeutic drug monitoring, including patient selection, sampling technique, transport and laboratory analysis, to support its adoption in clinical practice and reduce the need for hospital-based venous sampling.
Best Practices to Implement Dried Blood Spot Sampling for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Clinical Practice — Francke et al., Therapeutic drug monitoring
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- tdm
2022
Self-collected vaginal and first-void urine samples achieved substantial agreement with clinician-collected cervical samples for HPV detection using the BD Onclarity™ assay, with vaginal samples showing 95.3% overall positive agreement (kappa 0.890) and urine samples 90.6% agreement (kappa 0.776) when no clinical cut-off was applied. This supports decentralised, patient-centric cervical screening programmes.
Evaluation of BD Onclarity™ HPV Assay on Self-Collected Vaginal and First-Void Urine Samples as Compared to Clinician-Collected Cervical Samples: A Pilot Study — Martinelli et al., Diagnostics
- urine
- first-void
- self-collection
- validation
- hpv
- sti
2022
Most patients with motor neuron disease expressed a positive attitude towards remote monitoring and participating in decentralised clinical trials from home, with a majority finding the use of multiple digital devices acceptable for tracking respiratory function and muscle strength.
Patient perspectives on digital healthcare technology in care and clinical trials for motor neuron disease: an international survey — Helleman et al., Journal of neurology
- acceptability
- dct
- rpm
2022
Saliva testing for SARS-CoV-2 achieved 88% sensitivity and 92% specificity against nasopharyngeal swabbing in a meta-analysis of 16 studies. This level of accuracy supports patient self-collection and decentralised screening in outpatient and community settings.
The diagnostic accuracy of saliva testing for SARS-CoV-2: A systematic review and meta-analysis — Atieh et al., Oral diseases (paywalled)
- saliva
- self-collection
- validation
- serology
2022
A validated VAMS method quantified ten kinase inhibitors from 20 µL dried capillary blood with linearity (R² 0.994) and six-week room-temperature stability. In vitro VAMS-to-plasma conversion factors were established, and the method proved applicable for clinical routine and home self-collection by patients, enabling remote therapeutic drug monitoring in oncology.
Volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) for the quantification of ten kinase inhibitors and determination of their in vitro VAMS-to-plasma ratio — Zimmermann et al., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- self-collection
- validation
- tdm
- oncology
- haematocrit
2022
LC-MS/MS assay validation for monitoring tacrolimus and creatinine in renal transplant patients demonstrated that volumetric absorptive microsampling is the preferred single-sampling approach compared to traditional dried blood spots and venous sampling.
Analytical and clinical validation of dried blood spot and volumetric absorptive microsampling for measurement of tacrolimus and creatinine after renal transplantation — Mathew et al., Clinical biochemistry (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- dbs
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
2022
The Tasso OnDemand device was well accepted by participants, with nearly all finding it easy to use and feeling confident they could self-sample at home, and paired self-collected and clinician-collected specimens showed high agreement for HIV, syphilis and creatinine tests. While most users collected enough serum for two monitoring tests, only a third produced sufficient volume for three tests, suggesting a larger-volume device may be preferable for full guideline-recommended PrEP monitoring.
Feasibility of a novel self-collection method for blood samples and its acceptability for future home-based PrEP monitoring — Cannon et al., BMC infectious diseases
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- serology
- sti
2022
Generic saliva self-collection devices enabled safe unsupervised home sampling that yielded adequate quantity and quality for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid gene detection, with stability maintained after temperature cycling to simulate summer and winter shipping. This supports a patient-centric decentralised approach to infectious-disease screening without requiring healthcare professionals.
Evaluation of saliva self-collection devices for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostics — Allicock et al., BMC infectious diseases
- saliva
- self-collection
- validation
- acceptability
- serology
2022
Decentralised trial designs using digital tools such as wearables and electronic assessments can reduce patient burden and improve inclusion and data quality in rare disease studies by enabling measurements in real-world settings. This matters for decentralised diagnostics as it supports more accessible, patient-centric research with environmentally valid endpoints.
What role can decentralized trial designs play to improve rare disease studies? — Moore et al., Orphanet journal of rare diseases
- dct
- wearable
- digital-biomarker
2022
Online postal self-sampling services for sexually transmitted infections are highly acceptable to users and increase overall testing access, but uptake is socially patterned with under-representation of groups disproportionately affected by poor sexual health, and return rates for blood samples are low.
Access to, usage and clinic outcomes of, online postal sexually transmitted infection services: a scoping review — Sumray et al., Sexually transmitted infections
- blood
- self-collection
- acceptability
- sti
2021
A national cohort study of unkept outpatient appointments across NHS England, quantifying the scale of missed appointments and who misses them: the cost of requiring the patient to travel.
Characterising the nationwide burden and predictors of unkept outpatient appointments in the National Health Service in England: A cohort study using electronic health records — Philpott-Morgan et al., PLOS Medicine
- economics
- acceptability
2021
The honest counterpoint in children: VAMS predicted plasma vancomycin only modestly, venous/arterial VAMS was more accurate than capillary, and 29% of capillary samples were unusable for collection issues: collection technique and training matter as much as the assay.
Comparison of antibiotic sampling techniques: predicting plasma vancomycin from VAMS capillary versus venous/arterial whole blood — Downes et al., Open Forum Infect. Dis.
- vams
- blood
- tdm
- haematocrit
- dried
- antimicrobials
- capillary
- pediatric
- validation
2021
Fully remote, home-collected fingerstick Mitra VAMS samples from 54 participants measured IgG/IgA/IgM against spike and nucleocapsid across seven coronaviruses, cleanly separating pre-pandemic, convalescent and vaccinated groups, supporting VAMS for at-home serosurveillance.
Antibody-mediated immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and human coronaviruses: multiplex beads assay and VAMS to generate immune-repertoire cartography — Wang et al., Frontiers in Immunology
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- serology
- self-collection
2021
This review found that decentralised, patient-centric home microsampling using Mitra devices is an effective alternative for COVID-19 serosurveillance and clinical trials, enabling high-quality self-collection without clinic visits.
Volumetric absorptive microsampling: its use in COVID-19 research and testing — Rudge, Bioanalysis
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- serology
- self-collection
- validation
2021
A review of VAMS and DBS microsampling for TDM of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, adalimumab, infliximab and others, in inflammatory disease: a convenient, home-friendly alternative to venepuncture that can preserve analytical accuracy, subject to assay-specific validation.
The evolving role of microsampling in therapeutic drug monitoring of monoclonal antibodies in inflammatory diseases — Mingas et al., Molecules
- vams
- biologics
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- self-collection
- haematocrit
- dried
- validation
2021
Four dried urine spots across a day matched a 24-hour liquid collection for 17 reproductive hormones and metabolites, with intraclass correlations above 0.90.
Reliability of a dried urine test for comprehensive assessment of urine hormones and metabolites — Newman & Curran, BMC Chemistry
- metabolome
- dried
- steroids
- fertility
- hormones
- liquid
- urine
- validation
2021
An ambient-temperature DNA Genotek device recovered 94.5% of the metabolites seen in flash-frozen aliquots with strong agreement: room-temperature stabilisation can stand in for immediate freezing.
An ambient-temperature stabilisation device performs comparably to flash-frozen collection for stool metabolomics in infants — Ramamoorthy et al., BMC Microbiology
- stool
- stabilised
- dna-genotek-omnigene
- metabolome
- validation
- pediatric
2021
In first-void urine collected with Colli-Pee, the extraction method influenced HPV and human DNA yield more than the collected volume did: standardising processing matters at least as much as standardising volume.
Impact of Collection Volume and DNA Extraction Method on the Detection of Biomarkers and HPV DNA in First-Void Urine — Téblick et al., Molecules
- colli-pee
- first-void
- self-collection
- hpv
- liquid-biopsy
- liquid
- urine
- biomarkers
2021
High-risk HPV testing on first-void urine self-collected with Colli-Pee was about as sensitive, relative sensitivity 0.95, and specific for CIN2+ as clinician-taken cervical samples, supporting standardised first-void urine as a valid screening matrix.
Clinical and analytical evaluation of high-risk HPV testing on Colli-Pee first-void urine using the VALHUDES protocol — Van Keer et al., Gynecologic Oncology (paywalled)
- colli-pee
- first-void
- self-collection
- hpv
- liquid
- urine
- validation
2021
Capillary blood collected in BD Microtainer tubes remained stable for up to 12 days at room temperature and gave accurate HbA1c results when posted back, with high return rates and patient willingness to reuse the system.
Validation and feasibility of a postal system for remote monitoring of HbA1c — Cross et al., BMJ open diabetes research & care
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- bd-microtainer
- self-collection
- validation
- acceptability
2021
Fingerstick plasma collected in Microtainer tubes showed 100% concordance with matched venous plasma on the Abbott ARCHITECT SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay, n=109. Fingerstick dried blood spots found high concordance with venous samples, n=61, supporting these microsampling methods for decentralised serology.
Expanding access to SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM serologic testing using fingerstick whole blood, plasma, and rapid lateral flow assays — Anderson et al., Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- dbs
- bd-microtainer
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2021
A study found that fecal samples on FOBT cards and RNAlater, and oral samples in Scope mouthwash, remained stable for four days at room temperature, with fecal comparability ICCs ranging from 0.63 to 0.93. These methods support decentralised sampling, though consistent method choice is required as each may introduce modest differences.
Comparison of fecal and oral collection methods for studies of the human microbiota in two Iranian cohorts — Wu et al., BMC microbiology
- saliva
- stool
- stabilised
- microbiome
2021
OMNIgene·GUT stabilised stool gave detectable total bile acid concentrations but differed significantly from snap frozen samples; however, relative concentrations of cholanic, chenodeoxycholic, deoxycholic and lithocholic acids correlated well with a 30 per cent acceptability bias, supporting its use for decentralised bile acid profiling.
Fitness for purpose of stabilized stool samples for bile acid metabolite analyses — Neuberger-Castillo et al., Scientific reports
- stool
- stabilised
- dna-genotek-omnigene
- validation
- metabolome
2021
A study of 39 paediatric transplant recipients found capillary VAMS microsampling agreed closely with venous sampling for tacrolimus, with 92% of predose and 88% of postdose pairs within ±20% difference. Although sampling was performed in-clinic rather than at home, VAMS shows feasibility for patient-centric, decentralised monitoring.
Tacrolimus Measured in Capillary Volumetric Microsamples in Pediatric Patients-A Cross-Validation Study — Kindem et al., Therapeutic drug monitoring
- blood
- vams
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
2021
Alpha diversity metrics and relative abundances of major bacterial phyla remained stable across storage at 4 °C for up to 96 h, with the greatest compositional change occurring in the first 24 h; inter-individual differences outweighed storage effects, supporting robust decentralised self-collection of stool for microbiome analysis.
Assessing the impact of storage time on the stability of stool microbiota richness, diversity, and composition — Holzhausen et al., Gut pathogens
- self-collection
- microbiome
- stool
- validation
2021
Among 515 women, 93% believed HPV self-sampling could improve screening uptake and 95% found instructions clear and felt confident, yet 41% still preferred clinician collection and 9-19% found it unpleasant. This shows urine-based screening with Colli-Pee is well accepted but not universally preferred, a crucial insight for patient-centric decentralised programmes.
Cervical cancer screening using HPV tests on self-samples: attitudes and preferences of women participating in the VALHUDES study — De Pauw et al., Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique
- urine
- first-void
- colli-pee
- self-collection
- acceptability
- hpv
- sti
2021
DNA extraction methods explained 5.7% of microbiome variability, nearly as much as interindividual differences (7.4%), while collection methods had minimal impact. The choice of kit significantly skewed recovery of Gram-positive bacteria and enterotype distribution, underscoring the need for standardisation in decentralised stool sampling for clinical research.
Quantifying technical confounders in microbiome studies — Bartolomaeus et al., Cardiovascular research (paywalled)
- stool
- stabilised
- dna-genotek-omnigene
- validation
- microbiome
2021
Capillary blood self‑collection with the Tasso‑SST device succeeded in over 93 % of attempts and produced SARS‑CoV‑2 IgG results that agreed closely with venous blood, maintaining 98.9 % overall accuracy after simulated summer and winter shipping. This supports reliable, decentralised serology testing without medical supervision.
Self-collection of capillary blood using Tasso-SST devices for Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody testing — Hendelman et al., PloS one
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2021
Delahaye et al reviewed dried-blood microsampling devices for home therapeutic drug monitoring, concluding that while patient willingness and feasibility have been demonstrated, clinical adoption remains limited. They emphasised that more extensive analytical and clinical evaluation is essential to prove real-world utility and enable routine integration.
Alternative Sampling Devices to Collect Dried Blood Microsamples: State-of-the-Art — Delahaye et al., Therapeutic drug monitoring (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- volumetric
- self-collection
- validation
- tdm
- economics
- haematocrit
2021
A Simoa immunoassay detected SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein in venous and capillary blood and saliva with 98% negative and 90% positive agreement versus molecular testing across symptomatic, asymptomatic and pre‑symptomatic PCR‑positive individuals in days 1–7; N‑protein levels fell as spike‑IgG rose and correlated with saliva RT‑PCR Ct values and between matched saliva and capillary samples, enabling non‑invasive, swab‑independent sample collection for at‑home or point‑of‑care use.
N-protein presents early in blood, dried blood and saliva during asymptomatic and symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection — Shan et al., Nature communications
- blood
- saliva
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2021
Capillary whole blood samples yielded comparable results to venous plasma for HbA1c, lipid profile and liver function tests after three days at ambient temperature, and a pilot home-collection kit was found to have good patient usability. This model could enable decentralised monitoring of chronic disease patients during virtual clinics, mitigating infection risk.
The use of whole blood capillary samples to measure 15 analytes for a home-collect biochemistry service during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: A proposed model from North West London Pathology — Ansari et al., Annals of clinical biochemistry
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
2021
Two home-use capillary blood collection kits for HbA1c measurement produced results within 5% of venous values for 96% to 99% of samples across different shipping conditions. The kits were easy to use and yielded comparable results to venous specimens for both paediatric and adult participants, supporting their use in decentralised clinical research and care.
An Evaluation of Two Capillary Sample Collection Kits for Laboratory Measurement of HbA1c — Beck et al., Diabetes technology & therapeutics (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- pediatric
2021
Mean anti-Müllerian hormone levels were nearly 24 per cent lower among combined oral contraceptive pill users compared with non-users, showing that patient-centric microsampling can generate real-world evidence to help clinicians interpret fertility biomarkers during contraceptive use.
Anti-Müllerian hormone levels among contraceptive users: evidence from a cross-sectional cohort of 27,125 individuals — Hariton et al., American journal of obstetrics and gynecology (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- fertility
- hormones
2021
Comparison of six stool collection methods in healthy volunteers found OMNIgene Gut, FOBT cards, RNAlater and Microlution were reliable for metagenomics, whereas 95% ethanol best preserved metabolite profiles; the authors recommend using separate collection methods for different analytical aims in large population studies.
Comparison of Fecal Collection Methods on Variation in Gut Metagenomics and Untargeted Metabolomics — Guan et al., mSphere
- stool
- stabilised
- dna-genotek-omnigene
- validation
- microbiome
- metabolome
2021
The authors built a home-use ovulation detector that measures basal body temperature and cervical mucus pH, validated it in twenty women, and reported satisfactory performance for identifying fertility windows to aid both contraception and conception. This supports decentralised, patient-managed fertility monitoring integrated with smartphone e-health platforms.
Development of a Permanent Device for Fertility Period Detection by Basal Body Temperature and Analysis of the Cervical Mucus Potential of Hydrogen — Mansouri, Journal of medical signals and sensors
- fertility
- wearable
- rpm
- digital-biomarker
2021
Smaller cortisol awakening responses were linked to greater visual dependence in postural control, showing that home-collected saliva samples can capture biologically meaningful variations in HPA axis activity relevant to neuroendocrine function and balance regulation.
Smaller Cortisol Awakening Responses Are Associated with Greater Visual Dependence in Postural Control — Smyth et al., Healthcare
- saliva
- self-collection
- hormones
- cortisol
2021
WHotLAMP detected SARS-CoV-2 in saliva with sensitivity down to approximately four viral particles per microlitre. The test is inexpensive, requires no toxic chemicals or specialised equipment, and can be performed in point-of-care settings or adapted for home use, enabling frequent screening for outbreak control.
WHotLAMP: A simple, inexpensive, and sensitive molecular test for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in saliva — Ng et al., PloS one
- saliva
- self-collection
- validation
- serology
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