The Library
1530 papers on microsampling and monitoring, each with a finding paraphrased to our standard and labelled in one vocabulary. Every entry links to a legitimate copy; nothing is copied from an abstract.
Papers 1–100 of 161 labelled “liquid”, newest first.
2026
Saliva samples collected using the OMNIgene ORAL device and oral wash samples remain stable for microbiome diversity and relative abundance analyses for up to five years when stored at -80°C. This supports the use of these self-collection methods for long-term prospective biobanking and decentralised clinical studies.
Long-term stability at -80°C of oral wash and saliva samples for microbiome analyses — Slack et al., Microbiology spectrum (paywalled)
- stabilised
- dna-genotek-omnigene
- self-collection
- microbiome
- liquid
- validation
- saliva
2026
Midstream urine self-collection demonstrated adequate sensitivity for Chlamydia trachomatis screening in asymptomatic patients, although it was less sensitive than vaginal swabs in women, and the study confirmed that nucleic acids in neat urine remain stable for up to seven days when stored at 4°C.
The potential use of midstream urine samples for diagnosing Chlamydia/Gonorrhoea NAAT in male and female patients, and the pre-analytical storage conditions in neat urine specimens — Ilardo et al., The new microbiologica (paywalled)
- sti
- self-collection
- liquid
- urine
- validation
2026
This study found strong agreement between self-collected urine samples tested with the INDICAID HPV assay and clinician-collected swabs tested with the BD Onclarity assay for detecting high-risk HPV. The results suggest that urine-based self-collection offers a reliable alternative for cervical cancer screening, potentially improving access for women who face barriers to standard care.
Agreement between INDICAID™ HPV (human papillomavirus) Urine Test and BD Onclarity™ HPV Assay in detection of high-risk HPV in self-collected urine samples — Yung et al., Journal of gynecologic oncology (paywalled)
- sti
- self-collection
- hpv
- liquid
- urine
- validation
2026
Single unstimulated whole saliva measurements show high physiological variability, but averaging repeated self-collected samples, particularly in the evening, improves diagnostic reliability. This validation supports the implementation of home-based saliva testing for salivary gland dysfunction.
Repeated Unstimulated Whole Saliva Collection: A Reliable Approach to Improve Diagnostic Accuracy — Musella et al., Journal of oral rehabilitation
- saliva
- liquid
- self-collection
- validation
2026
This study validated a low-cost 3D-printed smartphone attachment and paper sensor for measuring glucose, uric acid and cholesterol in saliva, demonstrating high correlation with standard ELISA results in a small clinical cohort. The authors suggest this platform offers a scalable solution for decentralised diabetes management by balancing sensitivity with affordability.
Nanostructured zinc-coordination supraparticles on cellulose fibers: A 3D-Printed μ-FAD integrated smartphone platform for multiplexed salivary metabolic monitoring — Yang et al., Biosensors & bioelectronics (paywalled)
- dct
- economics
- metabolome
- self-collection
- liquid
- validation
- saliva
2026
This study used home self-collected saliva samples to successfully monitor cytokines and cortisol in mothers and infants, finding that a community singing intervention significantly reduced salivary interleukin-6 levels in mothers with postnatal depression.
Community singing intervention reduces maternal salivary cytokines and enhances maternal-infant cortisol synchrony in postnatal depression: biological findings from the SHAPER-PND trial — Kirkpatrick et al., Brain, behavior, and immunity (paywalled)
- dct
- cortisol
- self-collection
- pediatric
- hormones
- liquid
- saliva
- biomarkers
2026
At-home saliva sampling for cortisol was feasible over 12 days in two people with poststroke aphasia, with the cortisol awakening response remaining consistent across days and weeks.
Intraindividual Variability of the Cortisol Awakening Response, Sleep Dynamics, Stress, and Emotion in Two Persons With Poststroke Aphasia — Laures-Gore et al., Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR (paywalled)
- cortisol
- self-collection
- hormones
- liquid
- saliva
2026
Using a synthetic swab for saliva collection gave results closest to no swab for both resting and stimulated samples, indicating minimal pre-analytical interference. The widest metabolite coverage was achieved with ACN:MeOH at 1:1 v/v and a ZIC-HILIC column for polar metabolites plus a C18 column for non-polar metabolites, and resting versus stimulated saliva yielded distinct metabolic profiles that may provide complementary clinical insights.
Impact of Selected Pre-Analytical and Analytical Factors on Untargeted Salivary Metabolomics — Michorowska et al., International journal of molecular sciences
- metabolome
- self-collection
- liquid
- validation
- saliva
2026
This study found that salivary 11-dehydrodexamethasone correlates strongly with serum dexamethasone, unlike salivary dexamethasone which shows poor agreement. This validation suggests patients could self-collect saliva samples at home to verify dexamethasone absorption for the overnight suppression test.
The Utility of Salivary 11-Dehydrodexamethasone as a Marker of Dexamethasone Absorption — Marshall et al., The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- cortisol
- self-collection
- hormones
- liquid
- validation
- saliva
2026
This study validated a lateral flow fluorescence assay using quantum dots for saliva and europium nanoparticles for serum to detect cortisol within physiological ranges. The test operates in 15 minutes with a handheld reader, supporting point-of-care and at-home monitoring without a cold chain.
Ultrasensitive de novo Protein Sandwich Lateral flow Fluorescence Assay for Cortisol in Saliva and Serum using Quantum dots and Europium Nanoparticles — Bruno et al., Journal of fluorescence (paywalled)
- blood
- saliva
- liquid
- self-collection
- validation
- hormones
- cortisol
2026
The study determined that an at-home saliva collection protocol using the passive drool method was feasible for Black women with histories of abuse, with 84% of participants completing at least one full day of adherent sampling. While the decentralised approach yielded usable cortisol data, women with histories of forced sex exposure showed lower protocol adherence scores.
Repeat At-Home Saliva Collection to Measure Cortisol Awakening Response (CAR): Protocol Feasibility Study Among Black Women With Histories of Abuse — Tsuyuki et al., Interactive journal of medical research (paywalled)
- dct
- acceptability
- cortisol
- self-collection
- liquid
- saliva
2026
In patients with type 2 diabetes and secondary polycythaemia, HbA1c-derived estimated mean plasma glucose showed a significant negative bias compared to structured home capillary blood glucose monitoring, whilst fructosamine served as a more reliable glycaemic marker.
Glycemic assessment in diabetic patients with secondary polycytheamia: limitations of HbA1c and the potential role of fructosamine-a prospective comparative study — Erarslan et al., Acta diabetologica (paywalled)
- blood
- haematocrit
- capillary
- liquid
- biomarkers
2026
The homeRNA capillary blood collection and stabilization platform successfully captured lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory gene expression profiles. These transcriptomic responses were comparable to those obtained from traditional venous blood samples stabilized with RNAlater or PAXgene, demonstrating the platform's suitability for remote transcriptomic monitoring.
From Home to Transcriptome: Comparing the Transcriptomic Profile of Induced Immune Response via Lipopolysaccharide Stimulation in homeRNA and Venous Blood — Brown et al., Analytical chemistry (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- stabilised
- blood
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
- biomarkers
2026
In pregnant women at high risk of gestational diabetes, the GTT@home capillary glucose device showed a small positive bias of 0.16 mmol/L versus venous laboratory OGTT, with 79.8 per cent of results in the lowest surveillance risk zone and diagnostic classification agreement in 54 of 61 cases, suggesting it could support home OGTT in pregnancy.
Use of the GTT@home Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Kit in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Performance Evaluation Study — Dunseath et al., JMIR diabetes
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
2026
The POC haemoglobin device showed moderate correlation with laboratory values but was not accurate enough for routine monitoring; however, it had a high negative predictive value at the 7 g/dL threshold, meaning it can reliably rule out severe anaemia and may help avoid unnecessary transfusions and hospital visits if confirmed in larger studies.
The Use of Point-of-Care Hemoglobin Measurements in an Elderly Population with Hematological Disorders and Anemia — Appel et al., Hematology reports
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- venous-agreement
2026
A machine learning model called Remote Control was trained on 2685 blood samples to predict change due to instability, enabling accurate calibration of results to approximate the time zero value at collection. With calibration, unprocessed whole blood could be transported for up to 9 days under ambient conditions and temperatures between 3.4 and 47.4 degrees Celsius, achieving agreement with CLIA TEa between 98.1 and 100 per cent and expanding the catalog of tests available for at-home collection.
Prolonging Sample Stability with Machine Learning Expands the Catalog of Tests Available for Mail-In Capillary Blood Collected At-Home — O'Meara et al., Analytical chemistry (paywalled)
- dct
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
- biomarkers
2026
This proof-of-concept study demonstrated that patients with inflammatory bowel disease could successfully perform capillary blood microsampling at home with high analytical success rates, and a majority preferred this decentralised approach over hospital venous draws.
Implementation of a Capillary Blood Self-Sampling Technique at Home for Monitoring of Patients With IBD — Schuurman et al., Inflammatory bowel diseases
- acceptability
- multimodal
- blood
- rpm
- self-collection
- capillary
- liquid
2026
The True Dose TD-EPI kit demonstrated strong analytical agreement with venous blood for epirubicin monitoring, and the capillary samples remained stable for 72 hours at ambient temperature.
Method-Comparison Validation of a Novel Capillary Blood Collection Kit, True Dose<sup>®</sup> TD-EPI, for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Epirubicin — De Chiara et al., Pharmaceuticals
- venous-agreement
- stabilised
- blood
- tdm
- oncology
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
2026
This UK consensus opinion outlines how clinical laboratories can validate self-collected capillary blood sampling against venous reference standards to achieve accreditation and facilitate the shift towards community-based patient care.
UK recommendations for the validation and adoption of capillary blood testing within the routine clinical laboratory: Consensus opinion from the LabMed patient-centred testing and sampling (PaCTS) group — Woolley et al., Annals of clinical biochemistry (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- standards
- self-collection
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
2026
Capillary blood samples collected by staff or self-collected by participants showed strong correlation and clinically acceptable agreement with venipuncture for influenza haemagglutination inhibition titers. The small differences observed were not clinically meaningful, and adequate sample volume was achieved in most attempts, supporting the feasibility of decentralised serological testing.
Comparison of influenza hemagglutination inhibition titers from capillary blood versus venipuncture — Rick et al., Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2026
This study found strong concordance between capillary samples collected via the Tasso device and standard venous draws for VirScan serology, indicating that self-collected samples are a practical alternative for decentralised research. The authors advise against interchanging these collection methods within a single longitudinal study to avoid introducing technical variability.
Assessing VirScan serosurvey epitope profiling variability between in-clinic venous blood draw and capillary blood self-sampling device — Sircy et al., Microbiology spectrum
- dct
- venous-agreement
- blood
- self-collection
- serology
- capillary
- liquid
2026
Self-collected capillary blood samples posted by standard mail showed high concordance with couriered venous samples for HbA1c, creatinine and lipid parameters, supporting their use for remote monitoring in diabetes management and screening.
Concordance of HbA1c, creatinine, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and total cholesterol between venous and self-collected capillary blood samples sent by mail — Hoffmeister et al., Journal of diabetes investigation
- venous-agreement
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
2026
Although most kidney transplant recipients successfully collected capillary blood samples at home, haemolysis and transport conditions affected analyte stability. Agreement with venous sampling was acceptable for haemoglobin and creatinine, but potassium and haematocrit exceeded total allowable error limits.
At-home blood collection for clinical chemistry analyses in a kidney transplant population: a feasibility study — Hoekstra et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- bd-microtainer
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
2026
This developer study reports that a self-collection kit interfacing with a BD Microtainer produced RNA of sufficient quality and yield for transcriptomic analysis in a pilot group and a longitudinal rheumatology cohort. Most participants found the device easy to use, supporting its utility for decentralised blood sampling.
To the homeRNAmax: Developing an Improved Blood Self-Collection and Stabilization Platform for Remote Transcriptomic Studies — Eakman et al., Analytical chemistry (paywalled)
- dct
- blood
- self-collection
- bd-microtainer
- liquid
- validation
- biomarkers
2026
This study demonstrates that a memristor sensor can identify distinct electrical signatures in saliva and urine corresponding to different ovulation phases, suggesting a potential route for noninvasive home fertility monitoring.
A Noninvasive Method for Dynamic Ovulation Monitoring Based on Memristor — Chen et al., ACS omega
- fertility
- hormones
- liquid
- urine
- saliva
2026
This study validated a method requiring only 10 microlitres of serum and found high agreement between fingerstick capillary samples and venous serum for monitoring twelve antibiotics. The results suggest capillary serum sampling is a feasible, minimally invasive alternative that avoids the haematocrit effect associated with whole blood microsampling.
Feasibility verification of fingerstick capillary microsampling replacing venipuncture for therapeutic drug monitoring of 12 antibiotics using a rapid LC-MS/MS assay — Chen et al., Talanta (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- tdm
- antimicrobials
2026
Capillary blood collected with Tasso+ devices demonstrated strong agreement with venous blood for primary Athlete Biological Passport markers (haemoglobin, reticulocytes, OFF-score, ABPS) with correlations ≥0.9, though platelet count showed poor concordance. Despite 44 of 209 samples failing pre-analytical checks mainly due to coagulation, high athlete acceptance and minimal pain support capillary sampling as a less invasive, viable alternative for decentralised anti-doping controls.
Capillary Blood as a Potential New Matrix for the Athlete Biological Passport: A Field-Based Comparison Study — Requena-Tutusaus et al., Medicine and science in sports and exercise (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- doping
2026
In a cohort of 62 participants evaluating home self-collection with the TassoPlus device, 38 returned samples, with 29% excluded due to insufficient plasma volume below 200 ΔL. Although viral load measurements in adequate samples correlated well with conventional testing (r = 0.800), the high failure rate and missed detection in low-volume viremic samples indicate that further technical refinements are necessary before clinical adoption.
Feasibility and reliability of decentralized HIV-1 viral load monitoring on self-sampled blood — Mendes de Leon et al., PloS one
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- serology
2026
A liquid-phase microsampling method using 2.8 µL of whole blood demonstrated strong correlation with conventional venous sampling for immunosuppressant monitoring in renal transplant recipients. This approach enables patient-centric therapeutic drug monitoring, reducing burden and supporting implementation in home-based, paediatric, and telemedicine settings.
Clinical Application of Microvolume LC-MS/MS for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Immunosuppressants in Solid-Organ Transplant Recipients — Iwami et al., Journal of clinical medicine
- blood
- liquid
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
- haematocrit
2026
Capillary blood obtained using an at-home collection device matched venous blood closely in immune cell composition and phenotype. Although shipping affected myeloid cells, T cell numbers, subsets, and phenotypes stayed stable, which supports the practicality of remote immune monitoring.
An at-home blood collection device for remote immune monitoring by high-parameter flow cytometry — Konecny et al., JCI insight
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
2026
The authors validated a liquid-liquid extraction LC-MS/MS method that quantifies cannabinoids in only 50 µL of liquid whole blood with lower limits of quantitation from 0.10 to 1.0 ng/mL. This microsampling approach enables roadside collection via finger prick, allowing measurement of THC levels at the time of driving without trained phlebotomists, thus overcoming delays that reduce THC concentrations.
Validation of a microsampling-compatible liquid-liquid extraction method for cannabinoid quantitation in 50 µL of whole blood using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry — Mohammed et al., Journal of analytical toxicology
- blood
- liquid
- validation
- toxicology
2025
A head-to-head pharmacokinetic comparison of conventional venous sampling against patient-centric microsampling: exactly the bridging study regulators now expect before microsampled data supports an endpoint.
A Pharmacokinetic Study of Zavegepant Nasal Spray in Healthy Adults Comparing Conventional Venous Blood Sampling With Patient-Centric Microsampling — Shahin et al., Clinical and Translational Science
- dct
- venous-agreement
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
2025
Patient-centric microsampling of salivary cortisol shows a 12.6 nmol/L cutoff at 60 min post cosyntropin stimulation, 89% accuracy, 85% sensitivity and 90% specificity, for adrenal insufficiency diagnosis, but reproducibility in healthy volunteers was poor.
Utility of Salivary Cortisol and Cortisone in the Diagnostics of Adrenal Insufficiency — Kvam Hellan et al., Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (paywalled)
- cortisol
- hormones
- liquid
- validation
- saliva
2025
Testosterone, androstenedione, cortisol and cortisone were measurable from 200 µL saliva, but estradiol fell below quantification and progesterone in under half of samples: only a subset of steroids is reliable in saliva, and not interchangeable with serum.
Non-invasive assessment of free steroid hormones: a high-throughput LC-MS/MS method for salivary steroid quantification — Slettvoll et al., Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
- cortisol
- steroids
- hormones
- liquid
- validation
- saliva
2025
Earlobe capillary microsampling of 100-250 µL found good agreement with venous draws for progesterone, concordance 0.911, and 17β-estradiol, concordance 0.919, across menstrual cycles, showing suitability for decentralised monitoring. However, participant-reported burden was not assessed, and further validation is required in elite athletes.
Larger-volume capillary blood sampling is a valid alternative to assess progesterone and 17β-estradiol for cycle phase identification — Schlie et al., Frontiers in Physiology
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- hormones
- fertility
- venous-agreement
- validation
2025
A head-to-head of four upper-arm capillary devices, including TAP Micro Select, versus fingerstick and venous: experience and performance varied by device with none clearly superior, while analyte correlations with venous were similar across all.
Comparing capillary blood collection technologies: patient experience, device performance and clinical accuracy — Collier et al., Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- yourbio
- capillary
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- validation
- bd-microtainer
2025
A vacuum-assisted upper-arm device collected a mean 538 µL and met the volume target in 85.5% of cases; 17 of 19 analytes met CLIA agreement with venous, with pain lower than fingerstick.
Evaluation of a Simplified Upper-Arm Device for Vacuum-Assisted Collection of Capillary Blood — Schaff et al., Diagnostics
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- validation
- bd-microtainer
2025
Plasma lipidomes from self-collected upper-arm capillary blood were statistically indistinguishable from paired venous plasma, most classes at r=0.95–0.99, validating at-home capillary self-collection for lipidomics.
Comparison of capillary and venous plasma lipidomes: validation of self-collected blood for plasma lipidomics — Hameed et al., J. Lipid Research
- venous-agreement
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
- biomarkers
2025
Across ~27,000 specimens, moderate over-collection of first-void urine did not meaningfully change chlamydia or gonorrhoea positivity: first-void STI detection is robust to volume variation, provided the early urethral fraction is captured.
Impact of first-void urine volume on chlamydia and gonorrhoea positivity rates — Hall et al., Microbiology Spectrum
- urine
- liquid
- first-void
- sti
2025
This trial found that decentralised saliva collection in care home residents with dementia is feasible, but only 66% of 1,014 samples were valid for alpha-amylase and 62% for cortisol assays. Sponsors should note the authors' caveat that future trials require improved collection protocols, such as stimulating saliva flow, to ensure data quality.
The short-term impact of music interventions on stress: Results of a multinational cluster-randomized trial using salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase assessments in care home residents with dementia — Rasing et al., Psychoneuroendocrinology (paywalled)
- dct
- cortisol
- liquid
- saliva
2025
This pilot study found that while initial household enrolment was low at 9%, remote follow-up was highly feasible, with 88% of respondents, 151 of 172, successfully returning self-collected capillary blood samples after 12 months. This shows that decentralised microsampling is viable for household cohorts when face-to-face contact is restricted.
'Bern, get ready', BEready, a household-based cohort study for pandemic preparedness research in Switzerland: pilot study — Hodel et al., BMJ open
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- dct
2025
The study found that capillary microtube samples showed perfect correlation, R 1.00, and narrow limits of agreement with venous blood for IgG monitoring, making them a viable alternative. Dried blood spots showed only moderate correlation, R 0.77, and broad limits of agreement, which the authors state makes them unsuitable for routine diagnostics.
Comparison of capillary dried blood spot and capillary microtubes with venous immunoglobulin G levels for routine diagnostics — Boland et al., Clinical biochemistry (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- dbs
- dried
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
2025
A study of decentralised patient-centric microsampling found that 82% of untrained participants, 47 of 57, successfully self-collected acceptable fingerstick blood in Microtainer tubes. All 46 tested samples yielded accurate HIV viral suppression results compared to venipuncture, though this remote monitoring approach is limited to US courier services and temperature conditions.
A cross-sectional analysis of fingerstick blood self-microcollection for remote HIV suppression monitoring in Atlanta, Georgia, USA: a path to expanding access to continuum of care — Johnson et al., AIDS research and therapy
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- bd-microtainer
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2025
In a Belgian colposcopy referral cohort, a study found that 66.6% of women preferred home-based first-void urine self-sampling over physician-taken samples, and 96.6% found the Colli-Pee UCM FV-5010 device easy to use. This supports patient-centric, decentralised screening, though results are limited to this specific referral population.
Home-based urinary HPV self-sampling for the detection of cervical cancer precursor lesions: attitudes and preferences from Belgian females participating in the CASUS study — Hendrickx et al., Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique
- colli-pee
- acceptability
- first-void
- self-collection
- hpv
- liquid-biopsy
- liquid
- urine
2025
A prospective study of 109 subjects found that 250 μl capillary whole blood microsampling is stable for five hours in a microtainer. This patient-centric, decentralised method successfully detected most HCV genotypes at defined limits using the Xpert HCV test on the GeneXpert Xpress system and the cobas HCV platform.
Independent assessment of a point of care HCV RNA test by laboratory analytical testing and a prospective field study in the U.S — Miller et al., PloS one
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- bd-microtainer
- validation
- serology
2025
This meta-analysis found strong agreement between self-collected capillary blood and venous samples for laboratory results. Capillary sampling was associated with significantly lower pain scores than venipuncture, particularly when using upper arm devices rather than fingerprick methods.
Comparison of laboratory results and pain perception in self-sampled capillary blood versus venous blood sampling: a systematic review and meta-analysis — Schröder et al., Clinical biochemistry (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
2025
An online self-sampling intervention for chlamydia and gonorrhoea using urine kits achieved a 20.7% positivity rate, with 90% of infections being extragenital, and linked 81% of positive cases to treatment, indicating high acceptability and feasibility for decentralised STI testing.
TESTATE STI project: an online chlamydia and gonorrhoea self-sampling strategy for gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men and trans people in Catalonia (Spain) — Martínez-Riveros et al., Sexually transmitted infections (paywalled)
- acceptability
- sti
- self-collection
- liquid
- urine
2025
This study of acutely ill older adults found that in-home point-of-care testing provided clinically reliable results, with strong correlations observed between on-site analysis and routine laboratory testing. While venous samples showed lower misclassification rates, capillary blood offered a pragmatic alternative for decentralised diagnostics despite higher variation.
Validation of point-of-care tests used at in-home assessments among older adults in primary care — Smedemark et al., Scandinavian journal of primary health care
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
2025
This study found that self-collected capillary blood using the Topper system provided reliable results for most clinical chemistry analytes compared to venous sampling, with 94% of participants successfully obtaining a sample. While glucose and uncorrected AST failed to meet bias criteria, analytes such as lipids and enzymes demonstrated optimal agreement, supporting the use of this decentralised microsampling method for home testing.
Validation of (self-collected) capillary blood using a topper collection system as alternative for venous sampling for 15 common clinical chemistry analytes — Geujar et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
2025
Self-collected capillary samples showed good agreement with venous samples for most safety monitoring parameters in patients with rheumatic disease, although platelet counts were less reliable and haemolysis affected some biochemistry results. Patients found the self-sampling process easy and virtually painless, suggesting it is a feasible option for decentralised monitoring.
Self-sampling of capillary blood for safety monitoring of DMARD therapy in patients with rheumatic disease: a feasibility and method-comparison study — Adelhelm et al., Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- liquid
2025
BD's MiniDraw capillary system, in the hands of trained staff without phlebotomy experience, was clinically equivalent to conventional capillary and venous collection for a panel of general chemistry analytes, alanine aminotransferase and chloride against the venous comparator excepted, and its serum separator tube held the analytes for 48 hours. It shows an upper-arm system reaching pharmacy-style settings with laboratory-grade results.
Evaluation of a Novel Capillary Blood Collection System for Blood Sampling in Nontraditional Settings as Compared with Currently Marketed Capillary and Venous Blood Collection Systems for Selected General Chemistry Analytes — Parikh et al., The journal of applied laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- venous-agreement
- validation
2025
A 2025 review maps 28 microsampling devices, from dried spots and volumetric absorptive tips to upper-arm liquid capillary collectors, and names what a laboratory must control before their results are used: the haematocrit effect in non-volumetric dried samples, interstitial fluid from finger milking, volume, haemolysis and transport stability. Regulators on both sides of the Atlantic ask for the same two things, a device the patient can use safely and a sample fit for the test.
Patient centric blood sampling and analysis for diagnostics and laboratory medicine — Spooner et al., Bioanalysis
- blood
- standards
- self-collection
- haematocrit
- dried
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
2025
In 46 women under hormone monitoring at Columbia University Fertility Center, oestradiol, LH, FSH, progesterone and hCG measured on routine immunoassays from 400 to 600 microlitres of upper-arm capillary blood collected with TAP Micro Select agreed closely with paired venous results for every analyte, with correlation and concordance high throughout. It is the evidence that puts a self-collected sample inside the daily monitoring of an IVF cycle.
Painless, needle-free capillary blood collection for fertility hormone monitoring — Lattin et al., Fertility and sterility (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- yourbio
- fertility
- hormones
- venous-agreement
- validation
2025
This paper describes a handheld electrochemical sensor for vitamin C measurement in saliva and urine, showing a linear range from 0.2 to 200 µm and detection limit of 0.03 µm. The device demonstrated satisfactory accuracy and recovery in human samples, suggesting potential for affordable home-based testing of vitamin C status.
A Multi-Channel Handheld Diagnostic Device Based on Green Biomimetic Material for Point-of-Care Testing of Vitamin C in Human Fluids — Fu et al., Advanced healthcare materials (paywalled)
- saliva
- urine
- liquid
- self-collection
- biomarkers
2025
The First to Know Syphilis Self-Test, using self-collected fingerstick capillary blood, demonstrated 93.4% sensitivity and 99.5% specificity against a composite reference standard in a 1,270-subject study. This over-the-counter test enables patient-centric screening at home, which could improve early detection and reduce transmission of syphilis and associated STIs.
Clinical development and performance of the First to Know Syphilis Self-Test for over-the-counter usage: a <i>de novo</i> rapid test for treponemal antibody — Clark et al., Journal of clinical microbiology
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- serology
- sti
2025
Comfort Draw collected adequate capillary blood from the upper arm in 85.5 per cent of attempts for total blood volume and 95.1 per cent for serum volume, with 17 of 19 serum analytes meeting CLIA acceptance criteria against matched venous samples. The procedure scored a mean pain rating of 0.39 out of 10, indicating high patient acceptability, and the device’s simpler design may lower cost for decentralised diagnostics.
Evaluation of a Simplified Upper Arm Device for Vacuum-Assisted Collection of Capillary Blood Specimens — Schaff et al., Diagnostics
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
2025
Capillary blood sampling showed near-perfect correlation with venous sampling for total PSA across a wide clinical range with negligible bias, and samples remained stable at ambient temperature for up to eight days, supporting feasibility of home self-testing for prostate cancer.
Total Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Testing in Capillary Samples: Proof-of-Principle and Feasibility Study for Home Self-Testing for Prostate Cancer — Sodi et al., The journal of applied laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
2025
Capillary whole blood collected with RedDrop and Tasso+ devices showed excellent laboratory agreement with venous blood for complete blood count parameters except platelets, indicating that microcapillary sampling is a valid alternative to venepuncture for anti-doping athlete biological passport testing.
Comparison of Microcapillary Blood Sampling Devices for Use in Anti-Doping — Lewis et al., Drug testing and analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- doping
2025
This study developed a fluorescence probe for detecting histidine in saliva, demonstrating high sensitivity and specificity for cancer risk screening. The probe showed excellent recovery in real saliva samples and feasibility for point-of-care use in home or resource-limited settings.
Turn-on fluorescence sensing of histidine in body fluids: unveiling its oncogenic potential as a cancer risk biomarker — Indongo et al., The Analyst (paywalled)
- saliva
- liquid
- oncology
- biomarkers
2025
In adults, cleaning the fingertip with an alcohol swab did not significantly change capillary glucose readings compared with handwashing, whether the alcohol was left wet or allowed to dry completely. This supports the continued safe use of alcohol swabs before capillary glucose testing in clinical and home settings.
Effect of Alcohol Swab on Blood Glucose Readings Using a Glucometer: A Quasi-Experimental Study — Al-Aithan et al., Cureus
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
2025
Capillary finger-stick blood showed excellent comparability with venous samples for 30 of 33 routine chemistry analytes against total allowable error criteria, and met CLIA 2024 proficiency testing limits for all but glucose. This validates capillary sampling as a clinically acceptable alternative for most routine tests, benefiting patients with needle phobia and enabling remote sampling.
Comparison of capillary finger stick and venous blood sampling for 34 routine chemistry analytes: potential for in hospital and remote blood sampling — Doeleman et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
2025
The authors observe that self-sampling devices for capillary blood are gaining traction as a patient-preferred alternative to venous collection, with one centre reporting a 15 percent reduction in laboratory test volumes when local collection was offered. They argue that successful integration into total laboratory automation requires addressing cost, transport regulations and sample volume adequacy while ensuring robust device design and seamless workflow compatibility.
Blood self-sampling devices: innovation, interpretation and implementation in total lab automation — Poland & Cobbaert, Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- acceptability
2024
An analysis of 88 individuals aged 7 to 18 years found that stimulated saliva collection detected disease-associated microbiome taxa that unstimulated sampling missed. The authors note that sampling protocols must be standardised before results can be compared across decentralised studies.
Saliva sampling method influences oral microbiome composition and taxa associated with oral diseases — Roca et al., PLoS ONE
- microbiome
- pediatric
- liquid
- validation
- saliva
2024
In 91 children and adults, capillary C-peptide taken with the TAP device matched venous sampling with 100% sensitivity and specificity for a clinically relevant level, 200 pmol/L or above, with r = 0.996. 63% preferred it to a needle against 7% who preferred the needle, and same-day bruising was 5.5% versus 34.8% after a venous draw.
Transdermal blood sampling for C-peptide is a minimally invasive, reliable alternative to venous sampling in children and adults with type 1 diabetes — Besser et al., Diabetes Care
- blood
- liquid
- yourbio
- capillary
- pediatric
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- validation
2024
In at-home and trial settings, a wet capillary device reliably collected a median ~450 µL with a 4.4% failure rate; 88% of adults preferred self-collection over venipuncture, with lower pain.
Feasibility, acceptability and safety of a device for self-collecting capillary blood in clinical trials — Dasari et al., PLOS ONE
- acceptability
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- pediatric
- liquid
- validation
2024
An independent VALHUDES evaluation found HPV screening on Colli-Pee first-void urine detected high-grade cervical lesions with sensitivity comparable to clinician-collected cervical samples, reinforcing urine self-sampling for cervical screening.
Clinical Performance of the OncoPredict HPV Screening Assay on Self-Collected Vaginal and Urine Specimens (VALHUDES) — Giubbi et al., J. Medical Virology
- colli-pee
- first-void
- self-collection
- hpv
- liquid
- urine
- validation
2024
The study found excellent agreement between hCG levels measured in remotely collected capillary blood and standard venous samples, with a near-perfect correlation. This demonstrates that remote self-collection is a feasible and acceptable alternative for serial pregnancy monitoring, reducing the need for clinic visits.
Proof-of-concept study: Remote capillary blood collection for hCG analysis in early pregnancy — Joyce et al., European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- fertility
- hormones
- liquid
2024
Plasma total carbon dioxide concentrations were significantly lower in BD Microtainers compared to standard vacutainers, with reductions driven by low sample volume and transport delays rather than brief air exposure. These findings indicate that microtainers must be filled completely and analysed rapidly to maintain accuracy for this analyte.
Impact of blood volume, air exposure duration, transport duration, and testing delay on plasma total carbon dioxide in simulated open collections using microtainers — Reid et al., Clinical biochemistry (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- bd-microtainer
- validation
2024
A validated LC-MS/MS assay successfully measured 13 steroid hormones and two synthetic steroids in saliva, requiring only 50 microlitres, or down to 2 to 5 microlitres for nine analytes. This shows saliva's viability for non-invasive, patient-centric microsampling and decentralised monitoring in paediatric, neonatal and adult populations.
An LC-MS/MS assay for simultaneous determination of 13 steroid hormones and two synthetic steroids in saliva: potential utility for paediatric population and beyond — Dahl et al., Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation (paywalled)
- cortisol
- self-collection
- steroids
- pediatric
- hormones
- liquid
- validation
- saliva
2024
This study evaluated the repeatability of a point-of-care G6PD test using capillary blood collected via fingerprick and BD Microtainers, finding that modified sample application methods reduced variability in laboratory and field settings.
Field assessment of the operating procedures of a semi-quantitative G6PD Biosensor to improve repeatability of routine testing — Sadhewa et al., PloS one
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- bd-microtainer
- validation
2024
Self-collected oral sponge sampling found high accuracy for HPV DNA detection in oral cancer patients, with 100% specificity, 85.7% sensitivity and an AUC of 0.93, compared to oral rinse. The authors note larger cohorts are required to confirm performance.
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Detection in Oral Rinse vs. Oral Sponge: A Preliminary Accuracy Report in Oral Cancer Patients — Panzarella et al., Cancers
- self-collection
- hpv
- liquid
- saliva
- genotyping
2024
Capillary blood self-collection yielded protein concentrations that matched venipuncture for only a minority of analytes, with 34 of 230 proteins showing acceptable correlation and low variability, while the remainder were more variable; this suggests capillary sampling can support decentralised proteomics for a subset of proteins but may not be universally interchangeable with venipuncture.
Capillary blood self-collection for high-throughput proteomics — El-Sabawi et al., Proteomics
- venous-agreement
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- liquid
- biomarkers
2024
Capillary finger prick sampling at home showed close agreement with venous sampling for measuring infliximab, vedolizumab and CRP, with no systematic bias and high patient tolerability and practicality, supporting decentralised monitoring of biologic therapy in IBD.
Clinical Validation of a Capillary Blood Home-Based Self-Sampling Technique for Monitoring of Infliximab, Vedolizumab, and C-Reactive Protein Concentrations in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease — Otten et al., Inflammatory bowel diseases
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- tdm
- biologics
2024
A short fasting test initiated overnight at home and completed in an outpatient setting diagnosed insulinoma in 11 of 12 patients within 24 hours (91.7% sensitivity). This decentralised approach avoids prolonged inpatient monitoring while maintaining diagnostic accuracy.
Short fasting test as a reliable and effective tool to diagnose insulinoma — Mikovic et al., Endocrine
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- venous-agreement
- hormones
2024
The Tasso+ device, which uses a vacuum to collect capillary blood from the upper arm, gathered an average of 536 microlitres of whole blood from 47 men who have sex with men using PrEP, with 91% of samples sufficient for HIV testing and 89% for syphilis testing. Acceptability was high, with 87% expressing a positive attitude and 77% willing to use the device again for home self-sampling.
Using an Innovative Method for Self-Collection of Capillary Blood for HIV and Syphilis Testing Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Who Use Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in the Netherlands; Limburg4zero — Goense et al., Sexually transmitted diseases (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- acceptability
- serology
- sti
2024
Capillary blood collection using liquid and dried microsampling devices yielded pharmacokinetic profiles comparable to venous sampling for two monoclonal antibodies and a small molecule, whereas haematocrit correction was necessary for dried formats and bridging was ineffective for hydroxychloroquine. The findings demonstrate the bioanalytical feasibility and patient acceptability of remote microsampling tools for pharmacokinetic evaluations in decentralised clinical trials.
Evaluation of Patient-Centric Sample Collection Technologies for Pharmacokinetic Assessment of Large and Small Molecules — Mandlekar et al., Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- dried
- capillary
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- tdm
- biologics
- dct
- haematocrit
2024
Low volume sampling devices showed good concordance with venous serum for measuring the pharmacodynamic biomarker sMAdCAM-1, but dried blood samples required substantial dilution to overcome buffer interference, which was mitigated by using a highly sensitive Simoa assay. The study demonstrates that while these devices have potential for decentralised clinical trials, careful validation is needed to address site-specific biases and assay sensitivity limitations.
Evaluation of low volume sampling devices for a pharmacodynamic biomarker analysis: Challenges and solutions — Yang et al., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- dried
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- dct
- biomarkers
2024
This review of remote HbA1c testing via capillary blood microsampling finds that both dried and liquid formats can produce results comparable to venous sampling when collection, stability and extraction are properly validated. It matters because self-collected microsamples could enable decentralised diabetes monitoring and telemedicine, but heterogeneity in study designs and methods must be resolved before reliable implementation.
Remote HbA<sub>1c</sub> testing via microsampling: fit for purpose? — Verougstraete et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- dried
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
2024
Self-collected unpreserved saliva samples gave SARS-CoV-2 detection that was only slightly less accurate than nasopharyngeal swabs, offering a more convenient patient-centric alternative for COVID-19 surveillance and potentially increasing testing in decentralised settings.
Evaluation of Self-collected Saliva Samples Without Viral Transport Media for SARS-CoV-2 Testing via RT-PCR and Comparison of Amplicon Sequences Against Commonly Used Primers in Diagnostic Assays — Ramos et al., Military medicine (paywalled)
- saliva
- liquid
- self-collection
- validation
- serology
2024
In 30 adult solid organ transplant recipients, capillary blood self-collected using the Tasso+ device showed 91% concordance with venous samples for detecting CMV DNAemia above the limit of detection, with excellent quantitative correlation (Spearman R² = 0.99). Most participants preferred self-collection over venipuncture, suggesting the device could enable decentralised viral monitoring, though sensitivity was lower (95% at 308 IU/mL).
Evaluation of the Tasso+ blood self-collection device for quantitation of plasma cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNAemia in adult solid organ transplant recipients (SOTr) — Phan et al., Microbiology spectrum
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- serology
2024
Adolescents collecting blood microsamples at home achieved varying success rates across six devices, with Minicollect tubes performing poorest. The confirmation that visual inspection alone was insufficient, by analytical variability, underscores the need for robust quality assessment before deploying any device in decentralised trials.
Self-Sampling by Adolescents at Home: Assessment of the Feasibility to Successfully Collect Blood Microsamples by Inexperienced Individuals — Boffel et al., The AAPS journal (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- dbs
- neoteryx-mitra
- self-collection
- acceptability
- pediatric
- dct
2023
Across 18 saliva samples, mouthwash collection gave higher alpha diversity than passive drooling on both Illumina and Nanopore platforms, and three preservation methods performed alike; mouthwash and simple collection are convenient decentralised options, provided a study keeps one collection method for all participants to avoid confounding.
Factors influencing oral microbiome analysis: from saliva sampling to sequencing platforms — Bang et al., Scientific Reports
- stabilised
- microbiome
- liquid
- validation
- saliva
2023
During ACTH stimulation, salivary cortisol correlated only weakly with serum and gave modest accuracy: saliva does not reliably replace serum cortisol for adrenal insufficiency. A concrete limit.
Reliability of Salivary versus Serum Cortisol for Diagnosing Adrenal Insufficiency in Children — Ciancia et al., Children
- venous-agreement
- blood
- cortisol
- pediatric
- hormones
- liquid
- validation
- saliva
2023
TAP II capillary serum, both professionally collected and self-collected, correlated with venous serum at R > 0.9 for eight analytes including ALT, AST, cholesterol, HDL and triglycerides. Creatinine correlated acceptably but carried a consistent negative bias, and carbon dioxide, potassium and albumin did not reach acceptable agreement: the useful reading is that the panel has to be validated, not the device alone.
Maximizing microsampling: measurement of comprehensive metabolic and lipid panels using a novel capillary blood collection device — Collier et al., The Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- bd-microtainer
- liquid
- yourbio
- validation
- biomarkers
2023
Fingerstick blood self-collected into BD Microtainer tubes and posted at ambient temperature for 24 h agreed acceptably with paired serum for 11 of 12 analytes, HbA1c, lipids, creatinine, urea, urate, liver enzymes and total protein, with only AST falling outside limits.
Capillary blood stability and analytical accuracy of 12 analytes stored in Microtainers — Fontaine & Saez, Practical Laboratory Medicine
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- bd-microtainer
- self-collection
- venous-agreement
- validation
2023
Self-collection of capillary blood using a topper and paediatric tube was successful for most patients under 70 and showed excellent agreement with venous sampling for PSA measurement, supporting its use for decentralised patient monitoring.
Self-sampling of blood using a topper and pediatric tubes; a prospective feasibility study for PSA analysis using 120 prostate cancer patients — van et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- self-collection
- oncology
- capillary
- liquid
2023
In 26 participants, capillary self-collection with Tasso-SST showed no qualitative discrepancies from venous phlebotomy for SARS-CoV-2 antibody results, and quantitative levels correlated strongly, total Ig Spearman rho 0.72 and IgG 0.85; within the limits of so small a study, this supports at-home collection for serosurveillance.
Comparison of capillary blood self-collection using the Tasso-SST device with venous phlebotomy for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody measurement — King et al., Journal of immunological methods (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- self-collection
- serology
- capillary
- liquid
2023
The study found that combining the Oragene saliva collector with the miRNeasy kit gave the most sensitive detection of seven saliva miRNAs, and that different collector-kit combinations can be selected to suit different study needs.
Obtaining miRNA from Saliva-Comparison of Sampling and Purification Methods — Urbizu et al., International journal of molecular sciences
- saliva
- liquid
- dna-genotek-oragene
- validation
- biomarkers
2023
The study found that the Oragene OG-600 receptacle provided the highest concentration of salivary DNA, including short fragments suitable for analysis, and successfully detected HPV DNA from patient saliva. This matters for decentralised sampling as it supports the use of a standardised, self-collection device for non-invasive cancer biomarker detection.
Isolation of salivary cell-free DNA for cancer detection — Brooks et al., PloS one
- dna-genotek-oragene
- hpv
- liquid-biopsy
- liquid
- saliva
- genotyping
2023
In a 16-donor validation study, prompt centrifugation of serum microsamples maintained analyte stability and preserved clinical chemistry and protein biomarker quality. This demonstrates that remote centrifugation with refrigerated shipping can lessen patient burden and broaden participation in decentralised clinical trials.
Decentralized clinical trial design using blood microsampling technology for serum bioanalysis — Lee et al., Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- validation
- venous-agreement
- dct
- biomarkers
2023
The analysis quantified 62 proteins with satisfactory analytical performance, and 48 proteins showed significant correlation between 2 µL plasma microsamples and dried blood spots, supporting the use of dried blood microsampling for home collection and predictive medicine in elderly patients.
New Perspectives of Multiplex Mass Spectrometry Blood Protein Quantification on Microsamples in Biological Monitoring of Elderly Patients — Vialaret et al., International journal of molecular sciences
- blood
- liquid
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- biomarkers
2023
Capillary blood collected in microtubes yielded HbA1c results that agreed closely with venous sampling, while dried blood spots showed markedly poorer agreement. High patient acceptability and willingness to repeat suggest microtubes are a viable option for decentralised diabetes monitoring.
Home monitoring of haemoglobin A<sub>1c</sub> in diabetes: A systematic review and narrative synthesis on accuracy, reliability and patient acceptability — Colley et al., Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
2023
Self-collected capillary blood produces serum creatinine results comparable to venous blood, and the analyte remains stable in unspun capillary samples stored at ambient temperature for three days. This supports the use of capillary microsampling for kidney function monitoring in patient-centric, decentralised settings.
Comparability and Stability of Serum Creatinine Concentration in Capillary and Venous Blood — Woolley et al., British journal of biomedical science
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
2023
Capillary blood collected with the Mitra® device showed correlation with venous samples for paclitaxel therapeutic drug monitoring, but wide confidence intervals suggest the methods may not be interchangeable. While plasma and whole blood concentrations were more closely aligned, the variability raises questions about using self-collected capillary samples for dose individualisation without further validation.
Paclitaxel and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring with Microsampling in Clinical Practice — Radovanovic et al., Pharmaceuticals
- blood
- liquid
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- oncology
2023
In 102 samples, quantitative TSH by Finecare LFIA showed strong correlation (r approximately 0.93) and excellent agreement (Cohen's kappa 0.85) with the Roche CobasPro reference; using serum, sensitivity was 90.5% and specificity 96.3% for diagnosing thyroid abnormalities, supporting fingerstick and whole-blood use for decentralised TSH testing.
High-sensitive detection and quantitation of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) from capillary/fingerstick and venepuncture whole-blood using fluorescence-based rapid lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) — Shurbaji et al., Heliyon
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- hormones
2023
The study demonstrated that qPCR-based epigenetic immune cell counting from capillary dried blood spots agreed with venous blood and conventional flow cytometry in healthy donors, and then identified lymphopenia, neutrophilia and a lowered lymphocyte-to-neutrophil ratio in 103 COVID-19 patients versus 113 healthy controls, with naive B cell frequency tracking disease severity, suggesting that filter-paper blood collection could enable remote immune monitoring in home-isolated patients.
Epigenetic immune monitoring for COVID-19 disease course prognosis — Samans et al., Frontiers in immunology
- blood
- liquid
- dried
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2023
In kidney transplant recipients, home capillary blood self-testing of creatinine using a handheld analyser showed good agreement with clinic venous laboratory results, whereas potassium showed poorer agreement; patient self-use of the device was not a significant source of the potassium difference.
Patient Self-Testing of Kidney Function at Home, a Prospective Clinical Feasibility Study in Kidney Transplant Recipients — Murray et al., Kidney international reports
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- venous-agreement
2023
Capillary blood in Hem-Col microtubes showed a relative bias of 1.23% against directly processed venous sampling for CEA, with samples remaining stable for up to four days after withdrawal. Home-based CEA monitoring for colorectal cancer follow-up is feasible with this method, though underfilled tubes flagged by high lithium concentrations yield less reliable results.
Reliable capillary sampling of carcinoembryonic antigen at home: the CASA feasibility study — Voigt et al., Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- colorectal
2023
Capillary blood self-collection showed acceptable agreement with venous samples for vitamin D, C-reactive protein and alkaline phosphatase even after 36-hour delays, but calcium and phosphate levels were more affected by pre-analytical conditions. This supports decentralised serology and biomarker testing while highlighting analytes that need tighter pre-analytical control.
Concordance in COVID-19 serology, bone mineralization, and inflammatory analytes between venous and self-collected capillary blood samples exposed to various pre-analytical conditions — Hosseini et al., Annals of clinical biochemistry (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
- biomarkers
2023
Capillary blood yields comparable results to venous blood for common biochemistry and haematology parameters on routine analysers, but performance may degrade if samples are not processed within 24 hours.
Analysis of common biomarkers in capillary blood in routine clinical laboratory. Preanalytical and analytical comparison with venous blood — Maroto-García et al., Diagnosis (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
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