The Library
1530 papers on microsampling and monitoring, each with a finding paraphrased to our standard and labelled in one vocabulary. Every entry links to a legitimate copy; nothing is copied from an abstract.
Papers 1–100 of 313 labelled “dbs”, newest first.
2026
In AML and CLL, 91% of VAMS venetoclax results fell within 20% of plasma after individualised haematocrit correction; in home sampling, 18 of 21 patients self-sampled independently and 76% of returned samples were analysable, which shows home microsampling is workable, though the authors ask for multicentre validation.
Clinical Validation of Venetoclax Volumetric Microsampling in Leukemia, with Whole-Blood-to-Plasma Conversion and Self-Microsampling Feasibility — Levens et al., Clinical Pharmacokinetics (paywalled)
- vams
- venous-agreement
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- self-collection
- haematocrit
- dried
- oncology
- capillary
- validation
2026
The analysis indicates that dried blood spots and volumetric absorptive microsampling enable minimally invasive monitoring of prohibited substances, with volumetric absorptive microsampling offering improved quantitative reliability over traditional dried spots.
Liquid Chromatographic Methods for Microsampling in Sports Drug Monitoring: Progress in DBS and VAMS — Zhang, Biomedical chromatography : BMC (paywalled)
- vams
- doping
- blood
- dbs
- dried
- steroids
- toxicology
- hormones
- validation
- biomarkers
2026
This review found that volumetric microsampling devices, such as Mitra, HemaPEN, HemaXis DB10, and Tasso-M20, overcome haematocrit bias, whilst Telimmune plasma separation cards enable direct plasma collection without centrifugation. These technologies support patient-centric, decentralised sampling, though the authors note that clinical validation remains limited across different drugs and patient populations.
A Review of Blood-Based Microsampling Devices for Patient-Centered Application in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring — Huhn & Scherf-Clavel, Therapeutic drug monitoring (paywalled)
- vams
- volumetric
- acceptability
- neoteryx-mitra
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- self-collection
- haematocrit
- dried
- capillary
- validation
2026
Volumetric absorptive microsampling showed better precision than dried blood spots and a metabolic profile closer to whole blood, with stable signalling lipids for 24 hours at room temperature but significant changes after one week unless stabilised, indicating feasibility for decentralised sampling with the need for storage strategies.
Volumetric absorptive microsampling for profiling of signaling lipids: a comparative analysis with whole blood and dried blood spots — Thangavelu et al., Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry
- vams
- volumetric
- blood
- dbs
- metabolome
- dried
- validation
- biomarkers
2026
Capillary dried blood spots, after haematocrit-dependent conversion, showed good agreement with plasma for 25-hydroxyvitamin D quantification, with 90 per cent of results within 20 per cent of plasma and substantial to almost perfect agreement in status classification, supporting reliable home self-collection for large-scale vitamin D monitoring.
Clinical validation of a DBS-based LC-MS/MS method for 25-hydroxyvitamin D: from lab sampling to home sampling — Heughebaert et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- dbs
- self-collection
- haematocrit
- dried
- capillary
- validation
- biomarkers
2026
The study found that self-collection of dried blood spots and other samples using at-home kits was a useful and cost-effective method for screening a large cohort for sexually transmitted infections outside a clinic. This demonstrates the feasibility of decentralised, patient-centric sampling for population-level infectious disease surveillance.
Prevalence of chlamydial, gonococcal and syphilis positivity by anatomical site and sex via self-collected biospecimens using at-home testing kits among a large and diverse cohort of men and women enrolled in the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study (MWCCS) in the USA — Mimiaga et al., Sexually transmitted infections (paywalled)
- blood
- sti
- dbs
- self-collection
- dried
- serology
- bd-microtainer
- urine
2026
The study found that capillary dried plasma spots correlated strongly with venous plasma for detecting the Alzheimer's disease biomarker p-tau217. This suggests that microsampling offers a viable, minimally invasive alternative to venipuncture for screening and monitoring Alzheimer's disease pathology.
A minimally invasive dried blood spot biomarker test for the detection of Alzheimer's disease pathology — Huber et al., Nature medicine
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- venous-agreement
- biomarkers
2026
The study found that although participants preferred patient-centric microsampling devices for home use, the agreement with venous plasma for measuring CRP and cytokines was inconsistent, indicating that further validation is required before these methods replace standard venipuncture.
Limited agreement of cytokines and CRP through patient-centric microsampling compared to venipuncture in healthy adults — Tuttle et al., Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- dct
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- blood
- dbs
- self-collection
- dried
- biomarkers
2026
The study validated a semi-quantitative protocol for Epstein-Barr virus serology using dried blood spots, demonstrating 98.8% sensitivity and 96.5% specificity compared to paired venous serum samples. The successful validation in a self-sampling cohort confirms the suitability of this patient-centric microsampling approach for large-scale seroprevalence studies and decentralised trials.
A dried blood spot protocol for high-throughput semi-quantitative analysis of Epstein-Barr Virus VCA IgG and EBNA IgG serologies based on the Roche Elecsys system — Rubio-Acero et al., Virology journal
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2026
This study found that measuring thyroid-stimulating hormone via dried blood spots and a volumetric device showed high agreement with serum results, with classification accuracy exceeding 96 per cent. The volumetric approach demonstrated improved reproducibility and stability, supporting its use for decentralised thyroid function monitoring.
Adaptation of a routine immunoassay analyser for TSH measurement in dried blood spot and volumetric microsampling (Capitainer B50): evaluation for thyroid function testing in adults — Bornikowska et al., Practical laboratory medicine
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- volumetric
- validation
- venous-agreement
- hormones
2026
This study validated a dried blood spot method for tacrolimus monitoring and demonstrated agreement with venous whole blood measurements in kidney transplant recipients. It also found that dried blood spot analysis of the biomarker CXCL-10 was elevated in patients experiencing rejection or infection, supporting its use for decentralised monitoring.
Dried Blood Spot for CXCL-10 and Tacrolimus: Integrated Non-Invasive Monitoring to Guide Personalized Treatment in Adult Kidney Transplant Recipients — Millán et al., Pharmaceuticals
- venous-agreement
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- dried
- immunosuppressants
- validation
- biomarkers
2026
Dried blood spot sampling achieved high agreement with serum for anti-Trypanosoma cruzi antibody detection, supporting its use in decentralised settings; however, samples collected on Cobas Plasma Separation Cards showed lower antibody index values than serum and Whatman cards, which may reduce sensitivity in low-titre specimens.
Comparison of Cobas Plasma Separation Cards and Whatman filter paper cards versus conventional serum samples for anti-Trypansoma cruzi antibody detection — Silgado et al., PLoS neglected tropical diseases (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- venous-agreement
- serology
2026
Frequent dried blood spot sampling detected early changes in beta-cell function more effectively than mixed-meal tolerance tests or urine ratios, supporting its potential as a decentralised monitoring tool for clinical trials.
Serial Dried Blood Spot C-Peptide Sampling, but Not Urine C-Peptide-to-Creatinine Ratio, Detects Early Preservation of β-Cell Function in New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes: Experience From the USTEKID Trial — Dunseath et al., Diabetes care (paywalled)
- dct
- blood
- dbs
- dried
- pediatric
- urine
- biomarkers
2026
In a 20-person proof-of-concept pilot among veterans with HIV, remote self-collection of dried blood spots for phosphatidylethanol monitoring was feasible and acceptable, with high return and analysis rates and positive feedback; a small first step toward decentralised alcohol biomarker monitoring rather than proof of it.
Remote alcohol biomarker monitoring to promote drinking reductions among people with HIV: A proof-of-concept pilot study — Sheinfil et al., Journal of substance use and addiction treatment (paywalled)
- acceptability
- blood
- dbs
- self-collection
- dried
- biomarkers
2026
Self-collected dried blood spot specimens for phenylketonuria monitoring showed very poor quality initially but improved substantially over a decade with training and education, reducing measurement error and the risk of incorrect clinical interpretation.
Improving self-collected dried blood spot specimens for phenylketonuria monitoring: a 10-year computer vision review of dried blood spot specimen quality — Flynn et al., Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry (paywalled)
- blood
- dbs
- self-collection
- dried
- validation
2026
In a pilot mixed-methods study of youth with HIV, mailed HemaSpot-HF kits enabled home-based dried blood spot collection that participants found feasible and acceptable, supporting remote viral load monitoring and a self-management model for decentralised care.
An Examination of Perceptions and Usage of Dried Blood Spot Biosampling Technology for HIV Viral Load Collection Among Youth with HIV — Gurung et al., AIDS and behavior (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
- dct
- serology
2026
Enhanced visual and textual guidance significantly improved the quality of dried blood spots self-collected by children and adolescents, increasing the proportion of acceptable cards from 47.6% to 86.6%, which supports the feasibility of home sampling for therapeutic drug monitoring.
Optimizing Dried Blood Spot Sampling for Children and Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder — Ringeling et al., Therapeutic drug monitoring
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- pediatric
- tdm
2026
The study found that quantitative dried blood spot sampling provided high clinical agreement for tacrolimus and creatinine monitoring, with patients rating the self-collection devices as user-friendly. These results support the feasibility of decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring for immunosuppressants.
Patient-centric capillary dried blood spot sampling for tacrolimus and creatinine monitoring in clinical practice — De Baets et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- qdbs
- self-collection
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
2026
This pilot study demonstrated that a fully remote web-based testing programme for sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections was feasible and acceptable overall, although participants encountered specific collection challenges with the dried blood spot component.
Comprehensive at-home sexually transmitted and blood borne infection (STBBI) testing program: A pilot study — Christensen et al., International journal of STD & AIDS
- blood
- urine
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
- sti
2026
Capillary samples collected using dried blood spots and Mitra microsamplers showed strong agreement with venous plasma for quantifying IgG antibodies against most vaccine-preventable diseases. Sensitivity was high for the majority of pathogens, though the study noted that antibody stability declined at room temperature over time, favouring cold storage for longer durations.
Comparison of capillary microsampling and venous blood for multi-pathogen serosurveillance — Ombati et al., Scientific reports (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- dbs
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2026
Task sharing dried blood spot collection for HIV viral load testing with community lay cadres achieved high diagnostic agreement with healthcare worker collections and was highly acceptable to patients. This approach offers a viable strategy to overcome healthcare worker shortages and support decentralised viral load monitoring in resource-limited settings.
Feasibility and acceptability of task sharing collection of HIV viral load dried blood spot samples with community lay cadres: A cross-sectional diagnostic validation study in Zimbabwe — Prust et al., PLOS global public health
- acceptability
- blood
- dbs
- dried
- serology
- validation
2026
This review establishes that microsampling across blood, saliva, urine and stool matrices offers validated workflows and regulatory recognition for human biomonitoring comparable to conventional methods. It finds that these decentralised approaches enhance participant acceptability and enable screening in remote or low-resource settings.
Integrating Microsampling in Human Biomonitoring: Methodologies, Regulatory Frameworks, and Case Study Insights — Rajamani & Poongavanam, Critical reviews in analytical chemistry (paywalled)
- wearable
- acceptability
- multimodal
- sweat
- blood
- dbs
- standards
- dried
- serology
- colorectal
- pediatric
- stool
- urine
- validation
- saliva
- biomarkers
2026
A validated two-step LC-MS/MS protocol can identify 91 prohibited doping agents from a single dried blood spot collected on either cellulose cards or volumetric absorptive microsampling devices. This demonstrates robust multi-analyte screening from capillary blood, supporting decentralised anti-doping programmes where venous sampling is impractical.
Dried Blood Spots for Doping Purpose-Two-Step Protocol for Analysis of Non-Threshold Substances and Anabolic Steroid Esters From One Spot/Pebble — Stojanovic et al., Biomedical chromatography : BMC (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- dbs
- validation
- doping
- toxicology
2026
Capillary finger-stick dried blood spots demonstrated strong analytical agreement with venous serum for prostate-specific antigen (R² = 0.987) and remained stable for 31 days across a wide temperature range. This less invasive microsampling approach enables at-home self-collection, supporting decentralised screening and tele-diagnostics for prostate cancer.
Accessible Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing through Finger-Stick Dried Blood Spots and Routine Laboratory Analyzers — van Vugt et al., The journal of applied laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- haematocrit
- biomarkers
2026
In a study of 46 perinatal nicotine users, dried blood spots and saliva were used weekly to measure reproductive hormones, finding that lower postpartum estradiol and greater peripartum declines in oxytocin were associated with increased nicotine craving and use. This demonstrates the feasibility of decentralised microsampling and remote surveys for longitudinal hormone tracking in vulnerable populations.
Exploring hormonal influences on nicotine craving and use across the perinatal period: A prospective longitudinal study — Allen et al., Drug and alcohol dependence reports (paywalled)
- blood
- dbs
- cortisol
- self-collection
- dried
- fertility
- hormones
- saliva
2026
This review highlights that microsampling techniques such as dried blood spots and volumetric absorptive microsampling offer superior alternatives to traditional sampling for the mass spectrometry detection of prohibited substances in anti-doping analysis. It provides guidance on selecting appropriate analytical methods and sample pretreatment strategies to ensure sensitive detection and reliable storage conditions.
Mass Spectrometry-Based Anti-Doping Analysis: A Critical Review of Emerging Analytical and Sample Pretreatment Strategies — Maykar et al., Critical reviews in analytical chemistry (paywalled)
- blood
- urine
- dried
- vams
- dbs
- validation
- doping
- toxicology
2026
ALAS2 and CA1 mRNA were reliably quantified from venous-cellulose, capillary-cellulose and Tasso-M20 dried blood spots with strong linear agreement (r ≥ 0.96) and no bias for ALAS2. CA1 showed modest proportional bias of 9-22% only when Tasso-M20 was compared with cellulose cards in the rEPO cohort, but no significant differences in relative expression across matrices were observed at any timepoint. These findings support decentralised capillary sampling for longitudinal anti-doping monitoring.
Comparison of Dried Blood Spot Sampling Methods for RNA-Based Biomarker Measurement in Anti-Doping — Bejder et al., Drug testing and analysis
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- doping
- biomarkers
2026
Among 8007 neonates screened using dried blood spots, the study identified prevalence rates for congenital hypothyroidism (1:2002), congenital adrenal hyperplasia (1:2002) and G6PD deficiency (1:900), with abnormal results confirmed by venous sampling. This demonstrates the practical utility of microsampling for decentralised newborn screening and subsequent clinical management.
Birth Prevalence of Endocrine-Metabolic Disorders Detected by Newborn Screening Test in Pune (India) Population — Narawade et al., Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- pediatric
- hormones
2026
Statewide mail-based serosurveys using dried blood spot cards showed high spike antibody positivity and rising neutralising antibodies over time, with no differences by socio-demographic factors, supporting the feasibility of decentralised self-sampling for population infection surveillance.
Population-based serosurveys for SARS-CoV-2 transmission 2021-2022, Massachusetts USA — Cramer et al., Vaccine (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- serology
2026
The study found that dried blood microsampling using DBS and VAMS improves the detection of unstable drugs in post-mortem blood compared to conventional tubes, with some substances showing better stability on microsamples. This supports the use of microsampling in forensic settings where sample degradation affects diagnostic accuracy.
Use of blood micro-samples in forensic thanatology — Bertrand-Ndoye et al., Forensic science international (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- dbs
- toxicology
2026
Analysis of dried blood spots from 813 newborns demonstrated that extremely preterm infants have markedly elevated corticosterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone, with the latter showing the strongest inverse correlation with gestational age, indicating these precursors better reflect adrenal immaturity than cortisol alone. This validates DBS as a practical tool for guiding postnatal steroid therapy in preterm infants by helping clinicians distinguish physiological adrenal immaturity from true insufficiency.
Elevation of corticosterone and 17OH progesterone in extremely preterm infants and clinical implications — Kessel et al., Pediatric research
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- pediatric
- hormones
- cortisol
2026
Dried blood spot collection proved feasible during parabolic flight, with seventeen of twenty volunteers successfully providing samples for caffeine pharmacokinetic profiling. The method yielded stable metabolic ratios between ground and weightless conditions, and participants reported high satisfaction, suggesting DBS could support therapeutic drug monitoring in remote or extreme environments such as long-term spaceflight.
Feasibility of dried blood spot collection for caffeine pharmacokinetic studies in microgravity: Insights from parabolic flight campaigns — Derobertmasure et al., British journal of clinical pharmacology
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
- tdm
- genotyping
2026
The study found that coached dried blood spot collection was feasible for remote biobehavioural assessment of CTRA gene expression among Black women activists, with usable data from 28 of 29 participants at baseline and 27 at follow-up. Within-person increases in activist identity and search for meaning were associated with more favourable CTRA gene expression changes, though mean CTRA did not shift across the group over the two-month period.
The paradox of action: Trajectories in distress, meaning, and gene regulation following self-directed activist engagement among Black women — Geyton & Cole, SSM. Mental health
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- dct
2026
Self-collected dried blood spots from 40 healthy participants arrived intact and yielded good-quality DNA, with most immune and epigenetic biomarkers remaining stable for up to six weeks at room temperature. The study confirms that minimally invasive dried blood and plasma spot sampling is feasible for scalable, longitudinal biomolecular surveillance in occupational health settings.
Dried blood spot-based monitoring of immune and epigenetic biomarkers in occupational exposure studies — De Ryck et al., Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- acceptability
- biomarkers
2026
Finger-stick dried blood spots produce creatinine measurements that correlate strongly with venous plasma (R² = 0.97), with 91% sensitivity and 96% specificity for detecting reduced eGFR. Creatinine stays stable in dried spots for up to one month at refrigerated or frozen temperatures, supporting accurate home-based kidney function screening, patient follow-up, and medication management.
Creatinine measurement from finger stick dried blood spots with a routine chemistry analyzer for estimation of GFR — van Dam et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- haematocrit
2026
Dried blood spot screening of 3210 neonates in an Eastern Indian province found 10.2% had an inherited disorder, most commonly partial biotinidase deficiency (4.5%) and G6PD deficiency (2.7%), with no sex difference except higher 17-OHP in males; the findings justify national newborn screening to reach all communities.
Newborn screening in an Eastern Indian province: prevalence and trends from a burgeoning newborn screening unit — Saharia et al., Journal of tropical pediatrics (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- pediatric
2026
This study demonstrated that a fully remote genome sequencing study using self-collected dried blood spots and buccal swabs is feasible for individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome, with all participants completing the study and reporting the process was easy despite being lengthy. The design successfully returned actionable genetic findings, including those related to blood clot formation, to participants.
Study design with responsible return of results for a fully remote genome sequencing study in individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome — Vrana-Diaz et al., Genetics in medicine open
- blood
- saliva
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
- dct
- genotyping
2026
This scoping review identified 15 distinct technologies for measuring HbA1c from capillary blood, with point-of-care devices requiring only 2 to 10 µL and delivering results within minutes. However, diagnostic accuracy varied widely between studies and devices, and most evidence comes from high-income countries, indicating gaps in validation for low- and middle-income settings where decentralised screening is most needed.
HbA1c measurement using capillary blood in epidemiological studies: a scoping review of technologies and approaches — Breternitz et al., BMC endocrine disorders (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
2026
Home DBS sampling gave testosterone results that agreed well with venous blood in men on intramuscular testosterone undecanoate, but showed falsely high values in those using topical gel, likely from skin contamination. Patients preferred home collection for its convenience, suggesting DBS is viable for decentralised monitoring of injectable testosterone if patients are taught proper technique.
From venipuncture to self-sampling dried blood spots: a shift in monitoring testosterone levels — Olthof et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- fertility
- hormones
- tdm
2026
The TaqPath kit performed well for HIV drug resistance testing from dried blood spots in samples with high viral loads, meeting WHO criteria for sensitivity and mutation detection, but showed reduced sensitivity at lower viral loads below 5000 copies/mL. This supports the use of DBS for decentralised HIV monitoring in resource-limited settings, though caution is needed when viral load is low.
Evaluation of the Applied Biosystems™ TaqPath™ Seq HIV-1 Genotyping Kit for HIV-1 drug resistance testing from dried blood spot specimens — Okafor et al., Journal of virological methods (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- serology
2026
Among 1242 asymptomatic children in a remote Congolese district, dried blood spot sampling identified 53% as Plasmodium falciparum-positive. No validated artemisinin-resistance mutations were found, but a lumefantrine-susceptibility marker was present in 15% of samples, demonstrating that community-based microsampling can generate actionable resistance surveillance data to guide decentralised malaria treatment strategies.
Prevalence of antimalarial drug resistance markers and factors associated with Plasmodium falciparum infection in asymptomatic children prior to rectal artesunate implementation in Kapolowe Health District, Democratic Republic of the Congo — Luzolo Khote et al., Malaria journal (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- pediatric
- serology
2026
The study validated an LC-MS/MS method for eight antiepileptic drugs and two metabolites in dried blood spot and VAMS formats, with satisfactory analytical performance and stability, and was the first to include the oxcarbazepine metabolite DHCB. In 80 paired patient samples, microsampling concentrations showed promising correlation with plasma, supporting decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring of antiepileptic treatment.
Development and application of an LC-MS/MS method for 8 antiepileptic drugs and 2 metabolites using microsampling techniques (DBS and VAMS) — Cobo-Golpe et al., Journal of analytical toxicology
- blood
- dried
- vams
- dbs
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- haematocrit
2026
This narrative review surveys remote biospecimen collection products for sexual health research, including dried blood spots and volumetric absorptive microsampling, and concludes that successful implementation needs a multidisciplinary, participant-centred team with sufficient time allocated to the complexities of collection procedures and processes.
A Narrative Review of Remote Biospecimen Collection Product and Implementation Considerations for Sexual Health Clinical Research — Horvath et al., AIDS and behavior (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- dct
- serology
- sti
2025
A systematic review found mixed economic evidence for microsampling in therapeutic drug monitoring; one study reported no cost reduction with DBS home-sampling, €688 versus €676, whilst another predicted savings up to 61%. The authors caution that more work is required to assess costs alongside clinical outcomes and optimise logistics for decentralised implementation.
The economic evidence for microsampling to support therapeutic drug monitoring: A systematic review — Carland et al., British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (paywalled)
- vams
- blood
- economics
- dbs
- tdm
- self-collection
- dried
- antimicrobials
- pediatric
- immunosuppressants
- validation
2025
A review of 39 studies found that dried blood spot and volumetric absorptive microsampling show promising results for therapeutic drug monitoring of oral targeted anticancer drugs. The authors state that external validation remains crucial to confirm reliability, citing haematocrit effects and sample stability as key challenges.
Advancing Therapeutic Drug Monitoring for Oral Targeted Anticancer Drugs: From Hospital-Based Towards Home-Sampling — Meertens et al., Biomedical Chromatography
- vams
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- self-collection
- haematocrit
- dried
- oncology
- validation
2025
This study validated a method for measuring the alcohol biomarker phosphatidylethanol using two volumetric absorptive microsampling devices, finding that the Mitra device met all validation criteria and agreed with venous sampling. The Capitainer device was deemed suitable but showed reduced accuracy at higher concentrations, with a small proportional negative bias compared to venous results.
A validated method for capillary phosphatidylethanol 16:0/18:1 quantification with two different 10-µl volumetric absorptive microsample devices in the same setup — Andreassen et al., Journal of analytical toxicology (paywalled)
- vams
- venous-agreement
- neoteryx-mitra
- blood
- dbs
- dried
- toxicology
- capillary
- validation
2025
A comparison of blood microsampling found that after 35 days, PFAS recovery changed by over 10% for five analytes using the Neoteryx hemaPEN and four using Whatman 903, but zero using the Neoteryx Mitra. The Mitra retained 45 of 49 PFAS within 70-130% recovery, showing its high stability for decentralised biomonitoring without contamination risks.
Comparison of microsampling for PFAS blood analysis: Enabling cheap high-resolution biomonitoring — Partington et al., Analytica chimica acta (paywalled)
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- blood
- dbs
- self-collection
- dried
- capillary
- validation
2025
This study compared four dried blood spot devices for glucocorticoid detection, finding that the Mitra VAMS device offered the best combination of analytical recovery and user usability, whilst the HemaXis DB10 showed the least bias compared to whole blood.
Analytical and usability comparison of microsampling dried blood spot devices for glucocorticoid detection in sports using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry — Chen et al., Analytica chimica acta (paywalled)
- vams
- acceptability
- neoteryx-mitra
- doping
- blood
- dbs
- haematocrit
- dried
- toxicology
- hormones
- validation
2025
The study found a dried blood spot method for ustekinumab was linear from 3 to 12 mg/L with inter-day accuracy of 90.1 to 106%, enabling reliable capillary blood measurement for remote monitoring; the authors note the single-centre design.
Development, Validation and Application of the Dried Blood Spot Analysis Method for the Determination of Ustekinumab in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease — Mingas et al., Pharmaceuticals
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- validation
- tdm
- biologics
2025
Capillary dried blood spots yielded reference ranges for testosterone, androstenedione, 17α hydroxyprogesterone and progesterone in healthy premenopausal women, with lower concentrations in users of systemic hormonal contraceptives and cycle-related variation for 17OHP and P4. These ranges enable screening for disorders of sex development using less invasive microsampling.
Evaluation of reference ranges of four circulating sex steroids from dried blood spots in women aged 18-40 years — Wang et al., The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology (paywalled)
- blood
- dbs
- dried
- capillary
- fertility
- hormones
2025
The study validated a method for measuring cystic fibrosis drugs in dried blood spots, showing statistical equivalence to plasma concentrations, which supports their use as a less invasive alternative for therapeutic drug monitoring. It also found higher drug levels in nasal swabs, indicating localised accumulation at the disease site, which could inform more personalised treatment.
Development and application of a multimatrix LC-MS/MS method for quantifying elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor: Expanding therapeutic drug monitoring in cystic fibrosis from systemic circulation to airways and sweat — Mucci et al., Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- sweat
- blood
- dbs
- qdbs
- tdm
- dried
- pediatric
- validation
2025
Validated on 40 adults, leptin measured from finger-prick dried blood spots agreed closely with matched serum and stayed stable at ambient and raised temperatures for 72 hours; the authors present it as a route into groups such as children that venepuncture has kept out of leptin research.
Validation of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Measuring Leptin, a Key Metabolic Hormone, in Dried Blood Spot Samples — Kim et al., American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- hormones
2025
The study found that capillary microtube samples showed perfect correlation, R 1.00, and narrow limits of agreement with venous blood for IgG monitoring, making them a viable alternative. Dried blood spots showed only moderate correlation, R 0.77, and broad limits of agreement, which the authors state makes them unsuitable for routine diagnostics.
Comparison of capillary dried blood spot and capillary microtubes with venous immunoglobulin G levels for routine diagnostics — Boland et al., Clinical biochemistry (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- dbs
- dried
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
2025
The HematoCARD cartridge autonomously collects duplicate 10 microlitre dried blood spot samples from a single finger prick and shows good analytical performance for monitoring adalimumab, with accuracy between 91 and 111 per cent, linearity R squared 0.99 and coefficient of variation at or above 0.94 compared with serum reference and commercial DBS microsampling methods.
HematoCARD: A Volumetric Duplicate Dried Blood Spot Collection Cartridge Validated for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring — Van Hileghem et al., Analytical chemistry (paywalled)
- volumetric
- biologics
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- haematocrit
- dried
- capillary
- validation
2025
A quantitative dried blood spot method using only 10 µL of blood successfully quantified six azole antimycotics and showed samples were stable under conditions simulating postal mailing. A formula to convert dried spot results to plasma values was derived, though the authors note this is an in vitro validation and clinical studies are required for translation to patient care.
Simultaneous Quantification of Azole Antimycotics in Quantitative Dried Blood Spots: A Step Toward Home Sampling for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring — Li et al., Therapeutic drug monitoring (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- qdbs
- self-collection
- validation
- tdm
- antimicrobials
2025
The study determined that using self-collected dried blood spots alongside online surveys was a feasible and acceptable method for remote pre-exposure prophylaxis adherence monitoring, with 64% of participants returning at least one blood specimen.
Remote pre-exposure prophylaxis adherence monitoring among young, Black men who have sex with men: a feasibility and acceptability pilot study — Jones et al., Current psychology (paywalled)
- dct
- acceptability
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- self-collection
- dried
2025
A comparison of three patient-centric dried blood microsampling devices, paper DBS, Mitra and Tasso-M20, found strong to excellent correlation with traditional venous plasma for measuring branched-chain amino acids and ketoacids. Participants reported high acceptability and expressed a strong willingness to use these devices for decentralised self-collection.
Quantitation of BCAA and BCKA in plasma and patient-centric dried blood microsamples in a clinical setting — Tierney et al., Bioanalysis
- vams
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- neoteryx-mitra
- blood
- dbs
- metabolome
- dried
- validation
- biomarkers
2025
While 72 per cent of participants returned self-collected dried blood spot kits, only 46 per cent provided samples adequate for a full cardiometabolic profile, with insufficient blood volume cited as the primary difficulty.
Feasibility of self-administered dried blood spot collection for cardiometabolic profile analysis in a population-based sample of young adults — Livingstone et al., PloS one
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
- biomarkers
2025
This study found moderate to strong correlations between SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels in fingerprick dried blood spots collected using the hemaPEN device and standard venous serum samples from children and adults. The results suggest that this microsampling device offers a reliable alternative to venepuncture for serological surveillance.
Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response Between Paired Fingerprick (HemaPEN<sup>®</sup>) and Venepuncture Collected Samples in Children and Adults — Mazarakis et al., Antibodies
- blood
- capillary
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- serology
2025
A study of older rural US patients found that 96 to 98 per cent of self-collected dried blood spot specimens were successfully analysed for HIV viral load, with high acceptability. However, concordance between self-reported and measured viral load was only 69 to 82 per cent, highlighting the value of objective decentralised microsampling over self-reporting.
Acceptability and Feasibility of Self-Collected Dried Blood Spot Specimens for Viral Load Monitoring among Rural Older People Living with HIV — Walsh et al., AIDS and behavior (paywalled)
- dct
- acceptability
- blood
- dbs
- self-collection
- dried
- serology
2025
A study of 292 patients found that the slopes of home-collected stimulated dried blood spot C-peptide levels over six months predicted 12-month venous mixed-meal tolerance test results, P<0.001. This shows decentralised microsampling can monitor beta-cell function, though further validation is required to confirm its reliability and broader applicability.
Early Detection of β-Cell Decline Using Home Dried Blood Spot C-Peptide Levels in New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes — Hendriks et al., Diabetes care (paywalled)
- dct
- venous-agreement
- blood
- dbs
- self-collection
- dried
- pediatric
- biomarkers
2025
The Egoo Phe system showed strong concordance with dried blood spot testing across 100 paired samples, with median phenylalanine 274 versus 270 μmol/L and readings a mean 4.6% higher, and high caregiver acceptance; the small sample size limits generalisability and further validation in larger cohorts is required.
Point-of-Care Testing in PKU: A New ERA of Blood Phenylalanine Monitoring — Pinto et al., Nutrients
- acceptability
- blood
- dbs
- self-collection
- pediatric
- validation
2025
The authors found that a single microdose of recombinant EPO was detectable up to 72 hours using ITP and CP methods, though the Tasso microsampling device showed lower sensitivity than Mitra and Capitainer. Additionally, isotope ratio mass spectrometry successfully detected testosterone micro-dosing in all analysed samples, supported by serum testosterone levels.
Detection of a Single Microdose of Testosterone and Recombinant EPO in Healthy Volunteers — Heiland et al., Drug testing and analysis
- neoteryx-mitra
- doping
- blood
- dbs
- dried
- steroids
- capillary
- hormones
- urine
- validation
2025
In an untargeted metabolomics study, microsampling devices, particularly the Mitra and Capitainer, yielded metabolic profiles comparable or superior to plasma in feature number and intensity, and in the precision and stability of some metabolites. This supports their potential for large-scale, decentralised metabolic profiling, though the captured metabolite profile was application-dependent.
LC-MS-Based Global Metabolic Profiles of Alternative Blood Specimens Collected by Microsampling — Thaitumu et al., Metabolites
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- blood
- dbs
- qdbs
- metabolome
- dried
- validation
- biomarkers
2025
This study found that dried blood microsamples, particularly those collected with the Mitra device, provided metabolic profiles comparable or superior to conventional plasma, supporting their use as a viable alternative for untargeted metabolomics.
Toward minimally invasive metabolomics: GC-MS metabolic fingerprints of dried blood microsamples in comparison to plasma — Marques de Sá E Silva et al., The Analyst (paywalled)
- vams
- venous-agreement
- neoteryx-mitra
- blood
- dbs
- metabolome
- dried
- capillary
- validation
2025
Capillary dried blood spot concentrations of levetiracetam agreed closely with plasma, with 92.1% within 20% of the mean and no proportional bias, and capillary matched venous dried blood spot with acceptable deviations; samples remained stable during postal transit, enabling at‑home self‑sampling for therapeutic drug monitoring.
Therapeutic drug monitoring of levetiracetam - Is dried blood spot sampling suitable? — Linder et al., Clinical biochemistry (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- self-collection
- dried
- capillary
- validation
2025
In 40 participants, dried blood spots showed excellent agreement with venous blood for HBA1c measurement (LCCC 0.982, PCC 0.990, limits of agreement -0.45 to 0.48). The method demonstrated high repeatability (CV 1.13) and clinical conformity (K 0.80), suggesting capillary DBS sampling could replace venipuncture for diabetes monitoring in decentralised settings.
Preliminary comparative study of HBA1c measurement by IEX-HPLC Bio-Rad in dried blood spot vs. whole venous blood — Hadami et al., Annales de biologie clinique (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
2025
A newborn screening programme using dried blood spots detected classic 21-hydroxylase deficiency in 1 in 17,699 infants, with second-tier LC-MS/MS testing achieving a positive predictive value of 4.3. However, 23% of cases became symptomatic before results were reported, highlighting that timeliness remains a critical challenge for decentralised diagnostics.
Newborn screening for congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21 hydroxylase deficiency: the Italian experience 2006-2019 — Baronio et al., Journal of endocrinological investigation (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- pediatric
- hormones
2025
Among staff in long-term care and retirement homes in Ontario, SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence rose from 24% in 2021 to 44% in 2022 and was higher in Black, East and Southeast Asian and other racialised groups, lower in higher income neighbourhoods and among those with paid sick leave, indicating socioeconomic disparities that should inform equity rooted public health interventions.
Patterns of SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity among essential workers in long term care and retirement homes in Ontario, Canada: A descriptive cross-sectional study — Fahim et al., PLOS global public health
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- serology
2025
A term newborn died at 4 days; newborn screening by tandem mass spectrometry on a dried blood spot indicated mitochondrial trifunctional protein or long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency, and genetic analysis of the same DBS identified two HADHA variants, confirming the diagnosis; the authors review early neonatal deaths from fatty acid oxidation disorders and discuss limitations of newborn screening for these conditions, highlighting the role of DBS-based screening and post-mortem genetic testing in decentralised diagnostics.
Sudden Death of a Four-Day-Old Newborn Due to Mitochondrial Trifunctional Protein/Long-Chain 3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiencies and a Systematic Literature Review of Early Deaths of Neonates with Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders — Drole Torkar et al., International journal of neonatal screening
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- pediatric
2025
Dried blood spot HPLC accurately identified and quantified all major hemoglobin variants after ambient storage for up to three weeks, correctly diagnosing sickle cell, beta-thalassemia and other hemoglobinopathies compared to conventional whole blood analysis. This supports cost-effective, decentralised screening in remote regions where venous sampling is impractical.
Hemoglobin Variant Analysis and Its Comparison between Conventional High-performance Liquid Chromatography Using Whole Blood versus Dried Blood Spot: High-performance Liquid Chromatography — Jena et al., Indian journal of public health (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- economics
2025
In a prospective study of 126 people who inject drugs, 44 percent completed DBS self-collection and received HCV results; among completers, 7 percent had detectable HCV RNA and all initiated treatment. Completion was higher in those aged 40 or older and in opioid agonist treatment, but lower with stimulant use and previous HCV testing, demonstrating feasibility of peer-supported mail-order screening.
Peer-delivered mail-order self-collection and linkage to treatment for hepatitis C virus infection among users of a harm reduction service in Denmark — Demant et al., The International journal on drug policy (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- serology
2025
Among 154 volunteers, 85% found HemaSpot HF self-sampling acceptable, but correlation with venous blood for anti-tetanus toxin IgG was moderate (r = 0.73) and sensitivity varied from 70% to 100% depending on the cut-off value, with concentration differences widening at higher IgG levels. The device requires further improvement before it can reliably replace venous puncture for decentralised serological testing.
Feasibility of blood self-sampling with HemaSpot HF for Anti-Clostridium tetani Toxin IgG detection — Kettlitz et al., Scientific reports
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- serology
2025
The study found that dried blood spot sampling showed good agreement with plasma concentrations for vancomycin and creatinine, with most differences within 20%, and patients preferred the finger prick method over venepuncture, supporting its use for decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring.
Clinical validation of an innovative dried whole-blood spot method to quantify simultaneously vancomycin and creatinine in adult patients — Hassanzai et al., The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- tdm
- antimicrobials
2025
Among 404 Australians at risk of hepatitis C, 91% of those with prior infection selected point-of-care RNA testing, citing rapid results, while 72% of those without prior infection preferred staff-assisted antibody testing. Offering rapid, staff-assisted testing improves uptake among people who inject drugs, those experiencing homelessness and those receiving opioid agonist therapy.
Patient preferences for simplified hepatitis C testing modalities among people at risk of hepatitis C infection in Australia: the SELECT study — Stevens et al., The International journal on drug policy (paywalled)
- blood
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
- serology
2025
Self-sampling of dried blood spots for HIV viral load monitoring proved acceptable among sexual minority men who use stimulants, with 92% returning Tasso-M20 kits and 88% returning HemaSpot HD kits. Participants' device preferences centred on convenience and pain, and they highlighted that clearer instructions, contingency planning, and addressing intersectional stigma are essential for engagement, indicating that patient choice in sampling methods could improve uptake of decentralised diagnostics.
'I was like, this is gonna hurt': Implementing self-sampling of dried blood spots to measure HIV viral load — Chavez et al., PloS one
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
- serology
2025
A dried blood spot LC-MS/MS method for voclosporin was analytically validated using volumetric sampling devices, demonstrating strong agreement with whole blood analysis across a 10-600 µg/L range. The method meets ICH M10 guidelines and allows remote therapeutic drug monitoring in kidney transplant recipients.
Dried blood spot LC-MS/MS quantification of voclosporin in renal transplant recipients using volumetric dried blood spot sampling — Metscher et al., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- volumetric
- validation
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
2025
An optimized 4D-lipidomics UHPLC-HRMS protocol using stable isotope internal standards enabled semi-quantitative profiling of 432 unique lipid features from 10 ̢L dried blood spot samples with high analytical reproducibility. The workflow demonstrates the viability of capillary blood microsampling for large-scale, remote population lipidomics and metabolic profiling.
Dried blood spot microsampling: A semi-quantitative 4D-lipidomics approach using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography - high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC - HRMS) — Roberts et al., Talanta (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- metabolome
- biomarkers
2025
Dried blood spot sampling matched venous serum performance for islet autoantibody detection and was considered minimally invasive and convenient by parents and stakeholders, supporting its use for decentralised screening in home or community settings.
Establishing the performance and acceptability of dried blood spot sampling to screen for islet-specific autoantibodies — Faustini et al., Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- pediatric
2025
Among people who inject drugs, point-of-care HCV testing was preferred over dried blood spot collection and venepuncture because rapid results reduced anxiety. The study shows that for decentralised screening, non-judgemental care and assisted collection are critical acceptability factors, even when self-collection is available.
Acceptability of hepatitis C testing using point-of-care testing and dried blood spot collection among people at risk of hepatitis C infection — Stevens et al., The International journal on drug policy (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
- serology
2025
The study compared five microsampling devices, including Mitra tips and Tasso-M20, for detecting 27 steroid esters in dried blood by LC-MS/MS, and found that methanol extraction with Girard's reagent P or T provided the best screening sensitivity with detection limits of 0.05 to 1.0 ng/mL, while methoxyamine derivatization was recommended for confirming boldenone and certain testosterone esters. The Tasso-M20 device produced chromatographic interference with methanol extraction that was only partially resolved by using mixed solvents, at the cost of lower recoveries.
Comparability of different analytical workflows for steroid esters detection in doping control field — Mazzarino et al., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- dbs
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- doping
2025
Over two years, 1,507 participants used in-home capillary blood spot sampling for islet autoantibody screening, with only one reporting collection failure, compared with five failures among 276 venipuncture participants. Blood spot sampling reached younger and regionally based Australians at lower cost and with greater convenience, identifying preclinical type 1 diabetes at expected prevalence and supporting early diagnosis without the barriers of clinic-based venous draws.
Islet Autoantibody Screening Throughout Australia Using In-Home Blood Spot Sampling: 2-Year Outcomes of Type1Screen — Wentworth et al., Diabetes care (paywalled)
- blood
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
2025
In an adolescent with cerebral palsy undergoing a home-based, remotely supervised sprint-intensity interval training intervention, dried blood spot testing demonstrated a 37.8% reduction in triglycerides and a 15.4% improvement in total cholesterol to HDL ratio. This illustrates how remote microsampling can support decentralized metabolic monitoring in pediatric disability rehabilitation.
Sprint-Intensity Arm Interval Training May Improve Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Cardiometabolic Health Among Children With Mobility Disabilities: Case Report — Dean et al., JMIR formative research
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- pediatric
- biomarkers
2025
The review identifies neurofilament light chain, brain-derived tau, glial fibrillary acidic protein and soluble TREM2 as fluid biomarkers that could monitor axonal damage and glial activation in hereditary spastic paraplegia. It proposes that dried blood spot collection enables minimally invasive longitudinal monitoring of these biomarkers, supporting patient-centred care models for this genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disease.
Fluid Biomarkers in Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia: A Narrative Review and Integrative Framework for Complex Neurodegenerative Mechanisms — Cipriano et al., Genes
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- biomarkers
2025
Volumetric dried blood spot microsampling enables retinol analysis with over 90% extraction efficiency from only 10 µL of blood, though α-tocopherol recovery ranges from 53 to 75% depending on filter paper. The method improves sample stability to 30 days at -80°C and reduces shipping volume more than a thousandfold, making micronutrient monitoring practical for decentralised settings.
Volumetric dried blood spot microsampling: A sustainable, patient-friendly, and practical approach for retinol and α-tocopherol analysis in a clinical setting — Suwanvecho et al., Methods (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- volumetric
- validation
- biomarkers
2025
Whole-genome sequencing of dried blood spots from 1,000 newborns identified 16 infants with high-chance results, most missed by standard screening. The 13-day turnaround and high parental acceptability show a feasible, scalable model for decentralised genomic screening.
Feasibility, acceptability and clinical outcomes of the BabyScreen+ genomic newborn screening study — Lunke et al., Nature medicine
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- acceptability
- pediatric
- genotyping
2024
DBS achieved 100% sensitivity, 99% specificity and ~97% concordance versus paired serum: the strength of the classic card for ratio/threshold serology.
Using Dried Blood Spots to Quantitatively Detect Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibodies by ELISA: A Validation Study — Ylade et al., American J. Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
- blood
- dbs
- dried
- serology
- validation
2024
A review of 18 studies found that microsampling techniques, including dried blood spot sampling and volumetric absorptive microsampling, are validated for antipsychotic monitoring. Although most studies have shortcomings limiting generalisability, microsampling is recommended for clozapine and is a promising, virtually painless option to support decentralised, patient-centric care.
Microsampling Techniques Suitable for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Antipsychotics — Geers et al., Journal of clinical psychopharmacology (paywalled)
- vams
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- dried
- validation
2024
A study of 152 women found that HbA1c and reproductive hormone levels from menstrual blood collected via a modified pad highly correlated with venous blood, supporting its use as a decentralised surrogate, though interassay variability was noted.
Concordance of hemoglobin A1c and reproductive hormone levels in menstrual and venous blood — Naseri et al., F&S reports
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- venous-agreement
- fertility
- hormones
2024
Patterned DBS cards meter reproducible volumes of dried blood across a range of haematocrits, allowing accurate white blood cell counts by qPCR that match HemoCue measurements. This enables reliable at-home sampling for populations without easy access to clinical facilities.
Hematocrit-Independent Sampling Enables White Blood Cell Counts from Patterned Dried Blood Spot Cards — Tierney et al., Analytical chemistry (paywalled)
- blood
- dbs
- self-collection
- haematocrit
- dried
- validation
2024
Primary caregivers of children with metabolic disorders found at-home dried blood spot collection acceptable after training, which could enable more timely and cost-effective monitoring. This supports the feasibility of decentralised, patient-centric sampling for long-term condition management.
Acceptability of dried blood spot collection by primary caregivers of Filipino patients with maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) and phenylketonuria (PKU) — Merencilla et al., Journal of community genetics (paywalled)
- acceptability
- blood
- dbs
- self-collection
- dried
- pediatric
2024
Microsampling enables less invasive, patient-centric self-collection of capillary blood for remote monitoring of metabolites and lipids, overcoming conventional venipuncture constraints. Recent device innovations address dried blood spot limitations, particularly haematocrit and volume variations, expanding decentralised applications in population health, drug discovery and multi-omics research.
Revolutionizing Blood Collection: Innovations, Applications, and the Potential of Microsampling Technologies for Monitoring Metabolites and Lipids — Bossi et al., Metabolites
- multimodal
- blood
- dbs
- metabolome
- self-collection
- haematocrit
- dried
- capillary
- validation
- biomarkers
- multi-omics
2024
This randomised trial found that peer-delivered HIV self-testing and sexually transmitted infection self-sampling did not improve oral pre-exposure prophylaxis adherence among transgender women in Uganda compared to standard care. Adherence was monitored using dried blood spots and urine, which showed a strong correlation in tenofovir detection.
Peer-Delivered HIV Self-Testing, Sexually Transmitted Infection Self-Sampling, and Pre-exposure Prophylaxis for Transgender Women in Uganda: A Randomized Trial — Mujugira et al., Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes
- blood
- saliva
- urine
- dbs
- self-collection
- tdm
- dct
- sti
2024
A feasibility study at a Kathmandu maternity hospital showed newborn metabolic screening using dried blood spots achieved 98.8% parental consent, driven primarily by cost-free participation. Despite pandemic-related transport delays to a central Indian laboratory, results were delivered within two weeks, detecting metabolic abnormalities in 13 of 825 infants, with 90% of healthcare providers endorsing routine implementation.
Feasibility of clinical newborn metabolic screening in a high-volume maternity center in Nepal — Khan et al., BMC global and public health
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- acceptability
- pediatric
2024
Postpartum women with HIV who had low ART drug concentrations reported more challenges with HIV status disclosure, social support, health system interactions and health beliefs compared with those who had continuously high concentrations; integrating objective adherence biomarkers with patient narratives could enable real time interventions to improve ART adherence and maternal infant outcomes.
Antiretroviral therapy adherence among peripartum women with HIV in Kenya: an explanatory mixed methods study using dry blood spot measures and narrative interviews — Hampanda et al., AIDS care (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- acceptability
- tdm
2024
A four-item questionnaire for menstrual phase identification, validated against progesterone in dried blood spots, achieved 92.1 per cent accuracy with less restrictive scoring, substantially better than self-reported onset of menses alone (60.2 per cent). This tool could enable accurate phase determination in decentralised research and low-resource settings without intensive clinical assessment.
Menstrual Phase Identification Questionnaire (MPIQ): Development and validation of a cross-sectional survey to identify follicular and luteal phases — Allen et al., Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- fertility
- hormones
2024
The study found low SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in unvaccinated children and young adults in British Columbia, with higher rates in South Asian participants and young infants. Many infections were undetected, highlighting the value of patient-centric microsampling for more accurate, decentralised surveillance.
Factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in unvaccinated children and young adults — Silverberg et al., BMC infectious diseases
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- acceptability
- pediatric
- serology
2024
The review found dried blood spot sampling correlates strongly with plasma for HIV-1 viral load and offers simplified collection, transport and storage without cold-chain. This could expand access to monitoring in resource-limited settings and improve clinical outcomes through earlier detection of treatment failure.
Revolutionizing HIV-1 Viral Load Monitoring in India: The Potential of Dried Blood Spot Analysis for Expanding Access and Improving Care — Chandane Tak et al., Healthcare
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2024
A statewide remote seroprevalence study using at-home dried blood spot kits achieved a 71.6% sample return rate from registered households, with success dependent on integrated data systems, responsive participant support, and strong health department partnerships. This demonstrates feasibility of large-scale decentralised microsampling for public health surveillance.
CalScope: methodology and lessons learned for conducting a remote statewide SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence study in California using an at-home dried blood spot collection kit and online survey — Lim et al., BMC medical research methodology
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- dct
- serology
2024
The authors validated a UPLC-PDA assay for ceftazidime in 10 microlitre dried blood spots collected with the Capitainer device from neonatal patients, achieving accuracy of 90.1 to 104.8 per cent and precision within 11.7 per cent coefficient of variation across a quantification range of 0.5 to 200 micrograms per millilitre, and confirmed the method worked on clinical neonatal samples. This supports microsampling-based therapeutic drug monitoring of an antimicrobial in a vulnerable population where conventional venous blood draws are difficult.
Development and validation of a UPLC-PDA method for quantifying ceftazidime in dried blood spots — Lv et al., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- validation
- pediatric
- tdm
- antimicrobials
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