The Library
1530 papers on microsampling and monitoring, each with a finding paraphrased to our standard and labelled in one vocabulary. Every entry links to a legitimate copy; nothing is copied from an abstract.
Papers 1–100 of 323 labelled “venous-agreement”, newest first.
2026
In AML and CLL, 91% of VAMS venetoclax results fell within 20% of plasma after individualised haematocrit correction; in home sampling, 18 of 21 patients self-sampled independently and 76% of returned samples were analysable, which shows home microsampling is workable, though the authors ask for multicentre validation.
Clinical Validation of Venetoclax Volumetric Microsampling in Leukemia, with Whole-Blood-to-Plasma Conversion and Self-Microsampling Feasibility — Levens et al., Clinical Pharmacokinetics (paywalled)
- vams
- venous-agreement
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- self-collection
- haematocrit
- dried
- oncology
- capillary
- validation
2026
Guidance on capillary-to-plasma conversion: method- and analyte-specific clinical validation with paired capillary–venous samples before reporting plasma-equivalent results.
To Convert or Not to Convert? Official IATDMCT Guideline on Converting Capillary-Blood Microsampling Concentrations to Plasma Concentrations — Boffel et al., Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- tdm
- standards
- dried
- capillary
- validation
2026
At-home volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) for anti-seizure medicines was feasible and reliable, with strong correlations to clinic VAMS and low bias for lacosamide, lamotrigine and levetiracetam; quantitative dried blood spot (qDBS) was a reliable alternative in the ambulatory setting, though older age reduced sampling quality.
Real-world evaluation of capillary microsampling for drug monitoring of anti-seizure medications — Cancellerini et al., Epilepsia (paywalled)
- vams
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- blood
- qdbs
- tdm
- self-collection
- dried
- capillary
2026
Researchers successfully validated an analytical method for measuring creatinine across plasma and volumetric absorptive microsampling devices, demonstrating strong correlation between conventional plasma and dried microsamples. This provides a reliable, patient-centric approach for monitoring kidney function remotely during transplant follow-up.
Surrogate-based LC-MS/MS quantification of endogenous creatinine in plasma, plasma-equivalent dried spots (qDPS), and volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS): an ICH M10-compliant bridging study — Kocur et al., European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences (paywalled)
- vams
- venous-agreement
- neoteryx-mitra
- blood
- dried
- validation
- biomarkers
2026
In lung and renal transplant recipients, VAMS sampling with LC-MS/MS quantification of mycophenolic acid and tacrolimus showed good linearity and accuracy, and with a haematocrit-adjusted conversion formula achieved clinical agreement in most samples; tacrolimus did not require haematocrit correction. The approach is virtually painless and enables richer sampling for more accurate drug exposure estimates, supporting decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring.
Evaluation of hematocrit-adjusted conversion strategies for mycophenolic acid and tacrolimus monitoring using volumetric absorptive microsampling in lung and renal transplant recipients — Juan et al., Journal of pharmacy & pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Societe canadienne des sciences pharmaceutiques
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
- haematocrit
2026
This study found that volumetric absorptive microsampling shows satisfactory agreement with venous plasma for monitoring several antiseizure medications in paediatric patients. However, a blood-to-plasma conversion factor was required to estimate plasma concentrations for clobazam and carbamazepine metabolites due to poor capillary-to-plasma interchangeability.
Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling (VAMS) for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Antiseizure Medications (ASMs) in Pediatric Patients — Simeoli et al., Pharmaceuticals (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- tdm
2026
An LC-MS/MS method for tamoxifen and six metabolites in VAMS was developed and validated, with water prerinsing improving recoveries and poor room temperature stability but stability for at least 100 days at minus 80 degrees Celsius. Plasma to blood ratios were used to estimate plasma equivalent concentrations, and paired VAMS and plasma samples from ten breast cancer patients showed strong correlations and good agreement on Bland-Altman analysis, supporting reliable decentralised TDM.
Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for the comprehensive quantification of tamoxifen and its metabolites in volumetric absorptive microsampling: clinical application in breast cancer patients — Kuo et al., Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- oncology
2026
VAMS gave near‑quantitative recovery for cadmium and lead in human blood and correlated strongly with venous sampling, with pre‑cleaning improving correlation and lowering background lead, supporting its use for decentralised biomonitoring of these toxic elements.
Application of volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) for the simultaneous determination of cadmium and lead in blood — Gutknecht et al., Environmental monitoring and assessment (paywalled)
- vams
- venous-agreement
- blood
- dried
- toxicology
- validation
2026
In 480 adults, capillary specimens from fingertip lancets or the TAP Micro Select device gave clinically comparable results to venous samples for 16 of 18 routine chemistry analytes; potassium and chloride were not interchangeable, and fingertip collection showed more haemolysis, both points to weigh before decentralised microsampling of routine chemistry.
Venous-capillary blood agreement for routine chemistry analytes: effects of collection site and sample matrix — Deza et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- capillary
- yourbio
- validation
2026
A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was successfully validated for measuring androstenedione, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, and 11-ketotestosterone in dried blood samples collected via volumetric absorptive microsampling. The dried samples remained stable at room temperature for up to a week and after postal transit, and plasma concentrations could be reliably estimated from the microsamples when adjusting for haematocrit.
Analytical validation of a dried blood microsampling method to measure androstenedione, 17α‑hydroxyprogesterone, and 11‑ketotestosterone for congenital adrenal hyperplasia monitoring — De Baets et al., Talanta (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- hormones
- haematocrit
2026
Capillary dried blood spots, after haematocrit-dependent conversion, showed good agreement with plasma for 25-hydroxyvitamin D quantification, with 90 per cent of results within 20 per cent of plasma and substantial to almost perfect agreement in status classification, supporting reliable home self-collection for large-scale vitamin D monitoring.
Clinical validation of a DBS-based LC-MS/MS method for 25-hydroxyvitamin D: from lab sampling to home sampling — Heughebaert et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- dbs
- self-collection
- haematocrit
- dried
- capillary
- validation
- biomarkers
2026
The study found that capillary dried plasma spots correlated strongly with venous plasma for detecting the Alzheimer's disease biomarker p-tau217. This suggests that microsampling offers a viable, minimally invasive alternative to venipuncture for screening and monitoring Alzheimer's disease pathology.
A minimally invasive dried blood spot biomarker test for the detection of Alzheimer's disease pathology — Huber et al., Nature medicine
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- venous-agreement
- biomarkers
2026
The study found that although participants preferred patient-centric microsampling devices for home use, the agreement with venous plasma for measuring CRP and cytokines was inconsistent, indicating that further validation is required before these methods replace standard venipuncture.
Limited agreement of cytokines and CRP through patient-centric microsampling compared to venipuncture in healthy adults — Tuttle et al., Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- dct
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- blood
- dbs
- self-collection
- dried
- biomarkers
2026
Self-collected salivary progesterone and the ratio of estradiol to progesterone showed strong agreement with serum levels, supporting the use of saliva as a noninvasive matrix for monitoring the menstrual cycle.
Salivary estradiol and progesterone across the menstrual cycle: Association and agreement with serum concentrations — Goldenstein et al., Physiological reports
- venous-agreement
- blood
- self-collection
- fertility
- hormones
- saliva
2026
This study found that salivary 11-dehydrodexamethasone correlates strongly with serum dexamethasone, unlike salivary dexamethasone which shows poor agreement. This validation suggests patients could self-collect saliva samples at home to verify dexamethasone absorption for the overnight suppression test.
The Utility of Salivary 11-Dehydrodexamethasone as a Marker of Dexamethasone Absorption — Marshall et al., The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- cortisol
- self-collection
- hormones
- liquid
- validation
- saliva
2026
The homeRNA capillary blood collection and stabilization platform successfully captured lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory gene expression profiles. These transcriptomic responses were comparable to those obtained from traditional venous blood samples stabilized with RNAlater or PAXgene, demonstrating the platform's suitability for remote transcriptomic monitoring.
From Home to Transcriptome: Comparing the Transcriptomic Profile of Induced Immune Response via Lipopolysaccharide Stimulation in homeRNA and Venous Blood — Brown et al., Analytical chemistry (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- stabilised
- blood
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
- biomarkers
2026
The study validated a semi-quantitative protocol for Epstein-Barr virus serology using dried blood spots, demonstrating 98.8% sensitivity and 96.5% specificity compared to paired venous serum samples. The successful validation in a self-sampling cohort confirms the suitability of this patient-centric microsampling approach for large-scale seroprevalence studies and decentralised trials.
A dried blood spot protocol for high-throughput semi-quantitative analysis of Epstein-Barr Virus VCA IgG and EBNA IgG serologies based on the Roche Elecsys system — Rubio-Acero et al., Virology journal
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2026
In pregnant women at high risk of gestational diabetes, the GTT@home capillary glucose device showed a small positive bias of 0.16 mmol/L versus venous laboratory OGTT, with 79.8 per cent of results in the lowest surveillance risk zone and diagnostic classification agreement in 54 of 61 cases, suggesting it could support home OGTT in pregnancy.
Use of the GTT@home Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Kit in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Performance Evaluation Study — Dunseath et al., JMIR diabetes
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
2026
The POC haemoglobin device showed moderate correlation with laboratory values but was not accurate enough for routine monitoring; however, it had a high negative predictive value at the 7 g/dL threshold, meaning it can reliably rule out severe anaemia and may help avoid unnecessary transfusions and hospital visits if confirmed in larger studies.
The Use of Point-of-Care Hemoglobin Measurements in an Elderly Population with Hematological Disorders and Anemia — Appel et al., Hematology reports
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- venous-agreement
2026
The True Dose TD-EPI kit demonstrated strong analytical agreement with venous blood for epirubicin monitoring, and the capillary samples remained stable for 72 hours at ambient temperature.
Method-Comparison Validation of a Novel Capillary Blood Collection Kit, True Dose<sup>®</sup> TD-EPI, for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Epirubicin — De Chiara et al., Pharmaceuticals
- venous-agreement
- stabilised
- blood
- tdm
- oncology
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
2026
This UK consensus opinion outlines how clinical laboratories can validate self-collected capillary blood sampling against venous reference standards to achieve accreditation and facilitate the shift towards community-based patient care.
UK recommendations for the validation and adoption of capillary blood testing within the routine clinical laboratory: Consensus opinion from the LabMed patient-centred testing and sampling (PaCTS) group — Woolley et al., Annals of clinical biochemistry (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- standards
- self-collection
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
2026
Capillary blood samples collected by staff or self-collected by participants showed strong correlation and clinically acceptable agreement with venipuncture for influenza haemagglutination inhibition titers. The small differences observed were not clinically meaningful, and adequate sample volume was achieved in most attempts, supporting the feasibility of decentralised serological testing.
Comparison of influenza hemagglutination inhibition titers from capillary blood versus venipuncture — Rick et al., Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2026
This study found strong concordance between capillary samples collected via the Tasso device and standard venous draws for VirScan serology, indicating that self-collected samples are a practical alternative for decentralised research. The authors advise against interchanging these collection methods within a single longitudinal study to avoid introducing technical variability.
Assessing VirScan serosurvey epitope profiling variability between in-clinic venous blood draw and capillary blood self-sampling device — Sircy et al., Microbiology spectrum
- dct
- venous-agreement
- blood
- self-collection
- serology
- capillary
- liquid
2026
Self-collected capillary blood samples posted by standard mail showed high concordance with couriered venous samples for HbA1c, creatinine and lipid parameters, supporting their use for remote monitoring in diabetes management and screening.
Concordance of HbA1c, creatinine, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and total cholesterol between venous and self-collected capillary blood samples sent by mail — Hoffmeister et al., Journal of diabetes investigation
- venous-agreement
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
2026
This study found that measuring thyroid-stimulating hormone via dried blood spots and a volumetric device showed high agreement with serum results, with classification accuracy exceeding 96 per cent. The volumetric approach demonstrated improved reproducibility and stability, supporting its use for decentralised thyroid function monitoring.
Adaptation of a routine immunoassay analyser for TSH measurement in dried blood spot and volumetric microsampling (Capitainer B50): evaluation for thyroid function testing in adults — Bornikowska et al., Practical laboratory medicine
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- volumetric
- validation
- venous-agreement
- hormones
2026
This study validated a dried blood spot method for tacrolimus monitoring and demonstrated agreement with venous whole blood measurements in kidney transplant recipients. It also found that dried blood spot analysis of the biomarker CXCL-10 was elevated in patients experiencing rejection or infection, supporting its use for decentralised monitoring.
Dried Blood Spot for CXCL-10 and Tacrolimus: Integrated Non-Invasive Monitoring to Guide Personalized Treatment in Adult Kidney Transplant Recipients — Millán et al., Pharmaceuticals
- venous-agreement
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- dried
- immunosuppressants
- validation
- biomarkers
2026
Dried blood spot sampling achieved high agreement with serum for anti-Trypanosoma cruzi antibody detection, supporting its use in decentralised settings; however, samples collected on Cobas Plasma Separation Cards showed lower antibody index values than serum and Whatman cards, which may reduce sensitivity in low-titre specimens.
Comparison of Cobas Plasma Separation Cards and Whatman filter paper cards versus conventional serum samples for anti-Trypansoma cruzi antibody detection — Silgado et al., PLoS neglected tropical diseases (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- venous-agreement
- serology
2026
The study found that quantitative dried blood spot sampling provided high clinical agreement for tacrolimus and creatinine monitoring, with patients rating the self-collection devices as user-friendly. These results support the feasibility of decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring for immunosuppressants.
Patient-centric capillary dried blood spot sampling for tacrolimus and creatinine monitoring in clinical practice — De Baets et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- qdbs
- self-collection
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
2026
Although most kidney transplant recipients successfully collected capillary blood samples at home, haemolysis and transport conditions affected analyte stability. Agreement with venous sampling was acceptable for haemoglobin and creatinine, but potassium and haematocrit exceeded total allowable error limits.
At-home blood collection for clinical chemistry analyses in a kidney transplant population: a feasibility study — Hoekstra et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- bd-microtainer
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
2026
This study validated a method for monitoring mycophenolic acid in paediatric patients, demonstrating that quantitative dried plasma spots achieved close agreement with venous plasma. Quantitative dried blood spots showed significant haematocrit-related bias, making the plasma-based format more suitable for decentralised monitoring.
Matrix fidelity in microsampling: Plasma-first LC-MS/MS quantification of mycophenolic acid and MPAG — Kocur et al., Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- qdbs
- tdm
- haematocrit
- dried
- pediatric
- immunosuppressants
- validation
2026
Capillary samples collected using dried blood spots and Mitra microsamplers showed strong agreement with venous plasma for quantifying IgG antibodies against most vaccine-preventable diseases. Sensitivity was high for the majority of pathogens, though the study noted that antibody stability declined at room temperature over time, favouring cold storage for longer durations.
Comparison of capillary microsampling and venous blood for multi-pathogen serosurveillance — Ombati et al., Scientific reports (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- dbs
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2026
Volumetric microsampling can enable patient-centred therapeutic drug monitoring with high patient preference and acceptable method validation for many drugs, but conversion from capillary to plasma and agreement with venous sampling varies by analyte and requires careful validation.
Volumetric Microsampling for Patient-Centric Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Clinical Pharmacology: A Scoping Review — Tummala et al., Journal of clinical pharmacology (paywalled)
- volumetric
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- blood
- tdm
- self-collection
- haematocrit
- dried
- capillary
- validation
2026
Capillary fingerstick sampling showed high correlation and agreement with venous sampling for serum AMH but with proportional bias, so it may improve access to testing yet should not be considered fully interchangeable without further validation.
Comparison of serum anti-Müllerian hormone concentrations measured in capillary fingerstick and venous samples from Korean reproductive-aged women — Lavadia et al., Clinical and experimental reproductive medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- fertility
- hormones
2026
Fingerstick capillary sampling showed strong agreement with venous sampling for mycophenolic acid, tacrolimus and cyclosporine A, with acceptable bias and improved agreement for mycophenolic acid after haematocrit correction. This minimally invasive approach may reduce procedural burden and support outpatient or home based therapeutic drug monitoring in children.
Minimally Invasive Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Immunosuppressants in Children with Kidney Diseases: Validation of Fingerstick Sampling Using LC-MS/MS — Ishii et al., Pharmaceuticals
- venous-agreement
- blood
- tdm
- haematocrit
- capillary
- pediatric
- immunosuppressants
- validation
2026
This study validated a method requiring only 10 microlitres of serum and found high agreement between fingerstick capillary samples and venous serum for monitoring twelve antibiotics. The results suggest capillary serum sampling is a feasible, minimally invasive alternative that avoids the haematocrit effect associated with whole blood microsampling.
Feasibility verification of fingerstick capillary microsampling replacing venipuncture for therapeutic drug monitoring of 12 antibiotics using a rapid LC-MS/MS assay — Chen et al., Talanta (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- tdm
- antimicrobials
2026
Capillary finger-stick dried blood spots demonstrated strong analytical agreement with venous serum for prostate-specific antigen (R² = 0.987) and remained stable for 31 days across a wide temperature range. This less invasive microsampling approach enables at-home self-collection, supporting decentralised screening and tele-diagnostics for prostate cancer.
Accessible Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing through Finger-Stick Dried Blood Spots and Routine Laboratory Analyzers — van Vugt et al., The journal of applied laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- haematocrit
- biomarkers
2026
Capillary blood collected with Tasso+ devices demonstrated strong agreement with venous blood for primary Athlete Biological Passport markers (haemoglobin, reticulocytes, OFF-score, ABPS) with correlations ≥0.9, though platelet count showed poor concordance. Despite 44 of 209 samples failing pre-analytical checks mainly due to coagulation, high athlete acceptance and minimal pain support capillary sampling as a less invasive, viable alternative for decentralised anti-doping controls.
Capillary Blood as a Potential New Matrix for the Athlete Biological Passport: A Field-Based Comparison Study — Requena-Tutusaus et al., Medicine and science in sports and exercise (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- doping
2026
ALAS2 and CA1 mRNA were reliably quantified from venous-cellulose, capillary-cellulose and Tasso-M20 dried blood spots with strong linear agreement (r ≥ 0.96) and no bias for ALAS2. CA1 showed modest proportional bias of 9-22% only when Tasso-M20 was compared with cellulose cards in the rEPO cohort, but no significant differences in relative expression across matrices were observed at any timepoint. These findings support decentralised capillary sampling for longitudinal anti-doping monitoring.
Comparison of Dried Blood Spot Sampling Methods for RNA-Based Biomarker Measurement in Anti-Doping — Bejder et al., Drug testing and analysis
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- doping
- biomarkers
2026
In a cohort of 62 participants evaluating home self-collection with the TassoPlus device, 38 returned samples, with 29% excluded due to insufficient plasma volume below 200 ΔL. Although viral load measurements in adequate samples correlated well with conventional testing (r = 0.800), the high failure rate and missed detection in low-volume viremic samples indicate that further technical refinements are necessary before clinical adoption.
Feasibility and reliability of decentralized HIV-1 viral load monitoring on self-sampled blood — Mendes de Leon et al., PloS one
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- serology
2026
Saliva and dried saliva spot lamotrigine concentrations correlated strongly with plasma (R approximately 0.84 to 0.85), supporting saliva and DSS as needle-free alternatives for therapeutic drug monitoring.
Toward needle-free lamotrigine monitoring: Proof-of-concept for saliva and dried saliva spot analysis by LC-MS/MS - a short communication — Ďurčová et al., Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences (paywalled)
- saliva
- dried
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
2026
A liquid-phase microsampling method using 2.8 µL of whole blood demonstrated strong correlation with conventional venous sampling for immunosuppressant monitoring in renal transplant recipients. This approach enables patient-centric therapeutic drug monitoring, reducing burden and supporting implementation in home-based, paediatric, and telemedicine settings.
Clinical Application of Microvolume LC-MS/MS for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Immunosuppressants in Solid-Organ Transplant Recipients — Iwami et al., Journal of clinical medicine
- blood
- liquid
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
- haematocrit
2026
Capillary whole blood collected and dried on the OneDraw device gave robust PFAS measurements with low limits of quantification, and levels of ten PFAS correlated strongly with matched venous plasma levels in 133 veterans, enabling remote sampling without clinical infrastructure.
Use of a capillary blood collection device to monitor exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in Veterans living in proximity to potential sources of environmental contamination — Havens et al., Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
2026
Capillary blood obtained using an at-home collection device matched venous blood closely in immune cell composition and phenotype. Although shipping affected myeloid cells, T cell numbers, subsets, and phenotypes stayed stable, which supports the practicality of remote immune monitoring.
An at-home blood collection device for remote immune monitoring by high-parameter flow cytometry — Konecny et al., JCI insight
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
2026
Finger-stick dried blood spots produce creatinine measurements that correlate strongly with venous plasma (R² = 0.97), with 91% sensitivity and 96% specificity for detecting reduced eGFR. Creatinine stays stable in dried spots for up to one month at refrigerated or frozen temperatures, supporting accurate home-based kidney function screening, patient follow-up, and medication management.
Creatinine measurement from finger stick dried blood spots with a routine chemistry analyzer for estimation of GFR — van Dam et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- haematocrit
2026
Home DBS sampling gave testosterone results that agreed well with venous blood in men on intramuscular testosterone undecanoate, but showed falsely high values in those using topical gel, likely from skin contamination. Patients preferred home collection for its convenience, suggesting DBS is viable for decentralised monitoring of injectable testosterone if patients are taught proper technique.
From venipuncture to self-sampling dried blood spots: a shift in monitoring testosterone levels — Olthof et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- fertility
- hormones
- tdm
2026
The study validated an LC-MS/MS method for eight antiepileptic drugs and two metabolites in dried blood spot and VAMS formats, with satisfactory analytical performance and stability, and was the first to include the oxcarbazepine metabolite DHCB. In 80 paired patient samples, microsampling concentrations showed promising correlation with plasma, supporting decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring of antiepileptic treatment.
Development and application of an LC-MS/MS method for 8 antiepileptic drugs and 2 metabolites using microsampling techniques (DBS and VAMS) — Cobo-Golpe et al., Journal of analytical toxicology
- blood
- dried
- vams
- dbs
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- haematocrit
2026
Untargeted metabolomic profiles from three blood microsampling devices aligned more closely with whole blood than with plasma, and all devices distinguished sex based on amino acids, lipids, and acylcarnitines. This validates that device choice can be tailored to the metabolites of interest for decentralised human biomonitoring.
An LC-MS untargeted metabolomic comparison between three blood microsampling devices, whole blood, and plasma — Avella et al., Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- metabolome
- biomarkers
2026
In matched clinical samples from rheumatoid arthritis, VAMS and DBS showed strong agreement for methotrexate polyglutamates (slopes 0.95-1.07; bias within -4.21% to 0.36%; SRCC ≥ 0.969), with up to 100% of total MTXPG results within ±20% limits; capillary microsampling agreed closely with whole blood but differed from red blood cells, indicating matrix-specific differences that must be accounted for when interpreting against RBC-based reference values.
Multi-Matrix LC-MS/MS Validation of Methotrexate Polyglutamates: Comparison of VAMS, DBS, and Conventional Blood Sampling in Rheumatoid Arthritis — Kocur et al., International journal of molecular sciences
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
2026
A UPLC-MS/MS method for linezolid and metabolites in oral fluid and VAMS capillary blood satisfied ICH M10 validation requirements. Linezolid concentrations correlated strongly with venous plasma in both matrices, offering a non‑invasive option for therapeutic drug monitoring, whereas metabolites were systematically underestimated in VAMS and seldom detectable in oral fluid, restricting metabolite measurement.
Simultaneous quantification of linezolid and its metabolites (PNU-142300 and PNU-142586) in oral fluid and capillary blood by UPLC-MS/MS: method validation and clinical application using non-invasive sampling techniques — González-Berdullas et al., Journal of translational medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- saliva
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- antimicrobials
- haematocrit
2025
Worked case studies of patient-centric sampling deployed in pharmaceutical drug development: how sponsors have implemented it, rather than whether it is possible.
Case Studies on the Use of Patient-centric Sampling for Clinical Studies in Pharmaceutical Drug Development — Patel et al., The AAPS Journal (paywalled)
- dct
- venous-agreement
- blood
- self-collection
- pediatric
- validation
- biomarkers
2025
A head-to-head pharmacokinetic comparison of conventional venous sampling against patient-centric microsampling: exactly the bridging study regulators now expect before microsampled data supports an endpoint.
A Pharmacokinetic Study of Zavegepant Nasal Spray in Healthy Adults Comparing Conventional Venous Blood Sampling With Patient-Centric Microsampling — Shahin et al., Clinical and Translational Science
- dct
- venous-agreement
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
2025
Earlobe capillary microsampling of 100-250 µL found good agreement with venous draws for progesterone, concordance 0.911, and 17β-estradiol, concordance 0.919, across menstrual cycles, showing suitability for decentralised monitoring. However, participant-reported burden was not assessed, and further validation is required in elite athletes.
Larger-volume capillary blood sampling is a valid alternative to assess progesterone and 17β-estradiol for cycle phase identification — Schlie et al., Frontiers in Physiology
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- hormones
- fertility
- venous-agreement
- validation
2025
A head-to-head of four upper-arm capillary devices, including TAP Micro Select, versus fingerstick and venous: experience and performance varied by device with none clearly superior, while analyte correlations with venous were similar across all.
Comparing capillary blood collection technologies: patient experience, device performance and clinical accuracy — Collier et al., Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- yourbio
- capillary
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- validation
- bd-microtainer
2025
A vacuum-assisted upper-arm device collected a mean 538 µL and met the volume target in 85.5% of cases; 17 of 19 analytes met CLIA agreement with venous, with pain lower than fingerstick.
Evaluation of a Simplified Upper-Arm Device for Vacuum-Assisted Collection of Capillary Blood — Schaff et al., Diagnostics
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- validation
- bd-microtainer
2025
Plasma lipidomes from self-collected upper-arm capillary blood were statistically indistinguishable from paired venous plasma, most classes at r=0.95–0.99, validating at-home capillary self-collection for lipidomics.
Comparison of capillary and venous plasma lipidomes: validation of self-collected blood for plasma lipidomics — Hameed et al., J. Lipid Research
- venous-agreement
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
- biomarkers
2025
This study validated a method for measuring the alcohol biomarker phosphatidylethanol using two volumetric absorptive microsampling devices, finding that the Mitra device met all validation criteria and agreed with venous sampling. The Capitainer device was deemed suitable but showed reduced accuracy at higher concentrations, with a small proportional negative bias compared to venous results.
A validated method for capillary phosphatidylethanol 16:0/18:1 quantification with two different 10-µl volumetric absorptive microsample devices in the same setup — Andreassen et al., Journal of analytical toxicology (paywalled)
- vams
- venous-agreement
- neoteryx-mitra
- blood
- dbs
- dried
- toxicology
- capillary
- validation
2025
The study found very strong correlation between venous blood collection and capillary VAMS using Mitra devices for detecting SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies, with samples remaining stable at room temperature for several months. This enables reliable at-home, patient-centric serological testing for large-scale community surveillance and vaccine studies.
Validation of at-home blood sampling for large scale, cost effective serological analysis for anti-viral antibody responses — Mayer et al., Journal of immunological methods (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2025
Capillary tubes with serum separator gel gave 13% lower estradiol and 8% lower testosterone than non-gel capillary tubes, with discrepancies up to 19% and 14% versus venous tubes; other fertility hormones were unaffected. Conversion formulas were derived, but the study did not evaluate home collection workflows.
Systematic Reduction in Estradiol and Testosterone Measurements due to Serum Separator Gel in Blood Collection Tubes: Implications for At-Home Fertility Testing — Vasavan et al., The journal of applied laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- capillary
- venous-agreement
- fertility
- hormones
2025
The study validated a method for measuring cystic fibrosis drugs in dried blood spots, showing statistical equivalence to plasma concentrations, which supports their use as a less invasive alternative for therapeutic drug monitoring. It also found higher drug levels in nasal swabs, indicating localised accumulation at the disease site, which could inform more personalised treatment.
Development and application of a multimatrix LC-MS/MS method for quantifying elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor: Expanding therapeutic drug monitoring in cystic fibrosis from systemic circulation to airways and sweat — Mucci et al., Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- sweat
- blood
- dbs
- qdbs
- tdm
- dried
- pediatric
- validation
2025
Validated on 40 adults, leptin measured from finger-prick dried blood spots agreed closely with matched serum and stayed stable at ambient and raised temperatures for 72 hours; the authors present it as a route into groups such as children that venepuncture has kept out of leptin research.
Validation of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Measuring Leptin, a Key Metabolic Hormone, in Dried Blood Spot Samples — Kim et al., American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- hormones
2025
The study found that capillary microtube samples showed perfect correlation, R 1.00, and narrow limits of agreement with venous blood for IgG monitoring, making them a viable alternative. Dried blood spots showed only moderate correlation, R 0.77, and broad limits of agreement, which the authors state makes them unsuitable for routine diagnostics.
Comparison of capillary dried blood spot and capillary microtubes with venous immunoglobulin G levels for routine diagnostics — Boland et al., Clinical biochemistry (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- dbs
- dried
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
2025
A study of decentralised patient-centric microsampling found that 82% of untrained participants, 47 of 57, successfully self-collected acceptable fingerstick blood in Microtainer tubes. All 46 tested samples yielded accurate HIV viral suppression results compared to venipuncture, though this remote monitoring approach is limited to US courier services and temperature conditions.
A cross-sectional analysis of fingerstick blood self-microcollection for remote HIV suppression monitoring in Atlanta, Georgia, USA: a path to expanding access to continuum of care — Johnson et al., AIDS research and therapy
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- bd-microtainer
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2025
A comparison of three patient-centric dried blood microsampling devices, paper DBS, Mitra and Tasso-M20, found strong to excellent correlation with traditional venous plasma for measuring branched-chain amino acids and ketoacids. Participants reported high acceptability and expressed a strong willingness to use these devices for decentralised self-collection.
Quantitation of BCAA and BCKA in plasma and patient-centric dried blood microsamples in a clinical setting — Tierney et al., Bioanalysis
- vams
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- neoteryx-mitra
- blood
- dbs
- metabolome
- dried
- validation
- biomarkers
2025
The study found volumetric absorptive microsampling showed high agreement between capillary and venous concentrations, with 94% of dasatinib and 95% of imatinib samples meeting the 20% acceptance criterion. VAMS is viable for imatinib monitoring and may allow longitudinal follow-up for dasatinib; however, VAMS results for imatinib, but not dasatinib, could be converted to plasma concentrations using prior ratios.
Toward Clinical Implementation of a Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling-Based Method for Dasatinib and Imatinib Therapeutic Drug Monitoring — Verougstraete et al., Therapeutic drug monitoring (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- oncology
2025
In 277 paediatric patients, capillary microsampling with the Microsemi CRP device found close agreement with venous testing for CRP, with a mean difference of -0.25 mg/dL and 95% limits of -2.1 to 1.6 mg/dL. WBC showed a bias of -18 × 100/μL, with 95% limits of -73 to 37 × 100/μL. This supports decentralised, patient-centric screening of febrile children.
Comparison between point-of-care testing from capillary samples and conventional laboratory testing from venous samples for white blood cells and C-reactive protein in a pediatric outpatient setting — Kuniyoshi et al., Journal of general and family medicine
- venous-agreement
- blood
- capillary
- pediatric
- biomarkers
2025
A UHPLC-MS/MS assay using the Capitainer-qDBS device successfully quantified five antiseizure medications, showing robust 30-day stability at room temperature and no haematocrit effect between 20-70%. Although the clinical cohort was small, comparison with plasma in 30 patients showed good correlation, supporting the potential of this patient-centric microsampling method for decentralised home monitoring.
Quantitative dried blood spot microsampling for therapeutic drug monitoring of -antiseizure medications by design of experiment and UHPLC-MS/MS — Cancellerini et al., Talanta (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- qdbs
- tdm
- haematocrit
- dried
- validation
2025
A study of 12 kidney transplant recipients providing 69 paired samples found that a VAMS-based assay for mycophenolic acid and its metabolite had 90% to 106% accuracy. Converting microsampling results to plasma concentrations met agreement criteria, supporting decentralised monitoring, though the study was small and limited to a single centre.
Development and Clinical Validation of a Volumetric Absorptive Capillary Microsampling Method for Quantification of Mycophenolic Acid and Mycophenolic Acid Glucuronide in Kidney Transplant Recipients — Drevland et al., Therapeutic drug monitoring (paywalled)
- vams
- venous-agreement
- blood
- tdm
- dried
- capillary
- immunosuppressants
- validation
2025
This study found moderate to strong correlations between SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels in fingerprick dried blood spots collected using the hemaPEN device and standard venous serum samples from children and adults. The results suggest that this microsampling device offers a reliable alternative to venepuncture for serological surveillance.
Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response Between Paired Fingerprick (HemaPEN<sup>®</sup>) and Venepuncture Collected Samples in Children and Adults — Mazarakis et al., Antibodies
- blood
- capillary
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- serology
2025
A validated LC-MS/MS method for everolimus using Mitra and Capitainer devices found excellent agreement between capillary microsamples and venous whole blood in 33 adult transplant recipients. The results showed high accuracy and negligible haematocrit effects, supporting the use of microsampling for decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Everolimus Using Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling and Quantitative Dried Blood Spot Methods with LC-MS/MS in Adult Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: An Analytical and Clinical Comparative Study — Kocur et al., Molecules
- vams
- venous-agreement
- neoteryx-mitra
- blood
- qdbs
- tdm
- haematocrit
- dried
- capillary
- immunosuppressants
- validation
2025
In children with SLE, VAMS finger-prick capillary blood gave haematocrit-adjusted MPA and MPAG concentrations indistinguishable from plasma, and the AUC from VAMS derived plasma-equivalent concentrations matched plasma AUC with R2 0.97. This supports accurate pharmacokinetically guided dosing of MMF using only three timed capillary microsamples.
Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling Combined with Mass Spectrometry to Support Pharmacokinetically-Guided Precision Dosing of Mycophenolate Mofetil in Pediatric Lupus Nephritis Patients — Zhao et al., The journal of applied laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- vams
- venous-agreement
- blood
- tdm
- haematocrit
- dried
- capillary
- pediatric
- immunosuppressants
- validation
2025
A study of 292 patients found that the slopes of home-collected stimulated dried blood spot C-peptide levels over six months predicted 12-month venous mixed-meal tolerance test results, P<0.001. This shows decentralised microsampling can monitor beta-cell function, though further validation is required to confirm its reliability and broader applicability.
Early Detection of β-Cell Decline Using Home Dried Blood Spot C-Peptide Levels in New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes — Hendriks et al., Diabetes care (paywalled)
- dct
- venous-agreement
- blood
- dbs
- self-collection
- dried
- pediatric
- biomarkers
2025
This study established conversion methods for estimating plasma concentrations from whole blood VAMS samples for seven out of ten oral anticancer drugs, finding good agreement between capillary and venous samples. Patients reported a positive experience with home sampling using this microsampling technique.
Clinical Application of Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Oral Targeted Anticancer Drugs — Meertens et al., Therapeutic drug monitoring
- vams
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- blood
- tdm
- self-collection
- oncology
- capillary
- validation
2025
This meta-analysis found strong agreement between self-collected capillary blood and venous samples for laboratory results. Capillary sampling was associated with significantly lower pain scores than venipuncture, particularly when using upper arm devices rather than fingerprick methods.
Comparison of laboratory results and pain perception in self-sampled capillary blood versus venous blood sampling: a systematic review and meta-analysis — Schröder et al., Clinical biochemistry (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
2025
Microsampling, particularly VAMS and quantitative DBS, can enable patient-centric therapeutic drug monitoring of immunosuppressants after transplantation, allowing home self-sampling and long-term monitoring when patients live far from transplant centres. These volumetric dried formats have largely overcome the haematocrit effect and sample heterogeneity that limit conventional dried blood spots.
Microsampling techniques and patient-centric therapeutic drug monitoring of immunosuppressants — Kocur & Pawiński, Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- vams
- venous-agreement
- blood
- qdbs
- tdm
- self-collection
- haematocrit
- dried
- capillary
- immunosuppressants
2025
This study of acutely ill older adults found that in-home point-of-care testing provided clinically reliable results, with strong correlations observed between on-site analysis and routine laboratory testing. While venous samples showed lower misclassification rates, capillary blood offered a pragmatic alternative for decentralised diagnostics despite higher variation.
Validation of point-of-care tests used at in-home assessments among older adults in primary care — Smedemark et al., Scandinavian journal of primary health care
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
2025
This study found that self-collected capillary blood using the Topper system provided reliable results for most clinical chemistry analytes compared to venous sampling, with 94% of participants successfully obtaining a sample. While glucose and uncorrected AST failed to meet bias criteria, analytes such as lipids and enzymes demonstrated optimal agreement, supporting the use of this decentralised microsampling method for home testing.
Validation of (self-collected) capillary blood using a topper collection system as alternative for venous sampling for 15 common clinical chemistry analytes — Geujar et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
2025
Capillary blood self-collected with the VAMS device showed 100 per cent agreement with serum for detecting SARS-CoV-2 S RBD antibodies in participants with known past infection, and saliva showed slightly lower but high agreement; agreement was good to almost perfect in those without known antibodies, and most participants found finger prick easy while half found the microsampler easy, supporting decentralised serosurveillance.
Performance and feasibility of self-microsampling of capillary blood and saliva for serological testing of SARS-CoV-2 — Morales et al., PloS one
- vams
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- blood
- self-collection
- serology
- capillary
- saliva
2025
Self-collected capillary samples showed good agreement with venous samples for most safety monitoring parameters in patients with rheumatic disease, although platelet counts were less reliable and haemolysis affected some biochemistry results. Patients found the self-sampling process easy and virtually painless, suggesting it is a feasible option for decentralised monitoring.
Self-sampling of capillary blood for safety monitoring of DMARD therapy in patients with rheumatic disease: a feasibility and method-comparison study — Adelhelm et al., Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- liquid
2025
This study found that a decontamination pipeline using metagenome-assembled genomes improves the accuracy of variant calling from saliva samples, showing superior concordance with blood-derived results compared to conventional methods. These results validate the potential of self-collected oral samples for accurate personal genotyping.
Metagenome-assembled genomes enhance bacterial read decontamination and variant calling in oral samples — An et al., iScience
- venous-agreement
- blood
- microbiome
- validation
- saliva
- genotyping
2025
This study found that dried blood microsamples, particularly those collected with the Mitra device, provided metabolic profiles comparable or superior to conventional plasma, supporting their use as a viable alternative for untargeted metabolomics.
Toward minimally invasive metabolomics: GC-MS metabolic fingerprints of dried blood microsamples in comparison to plasma — Marques de Sá E Silva et al., The Analyst (paywalled)
- vams
- venous-agreement
- neoteryx-mitra
- blood
- dbs
- metabolome
- dried
- capillary
- validation
2025
The method accurately measures therapeutic antibodies in Vams samples, correlating with plasma levels, enabling reliable therapeutic drug monitoring from home-collected samples to optimise cancer treatment dosing
A novel approach for quantifying therapeutic monoclonal antibodies in blood through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry — Chi et al., Analytica chimica acta (paywalled)
- blood
- vams
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- biologics
- oncology
2025
Capillary dried blood spot concentrations of levetiracetam agreed closely with plasma, with 92.1% within 20% of the mean and no proportional bias, and capillary matched venous dried blood spot with acceptable deviations; samples remained stable during postal transit, enabling at‑home self‑sampling for therapeutic drug monitoring.
Therapeutic drug monitoring of levetiracetam - Is dried blood spot sampling suitable? — Linder et al., Clinical biochemistry (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- self-collection
- dried
- capillary
- validation
2025
BD's MiniDraw capillary system, in the hands of trained staff without phlebotomy experience, was clinically equivalent to conventional capillary and venous collection for a panel of general chemistry analytes, alanine aminotransferase and chloride against the venous comparator excepted, and its serum separator tube held the analytes for 48 hours. It shows an upper-arm system reaching pharmacy-style settings with laboratory-grade results.
Evaluation of a Novel Capillary Blood Collection System for Blood Sampling in Nontraditional Settings as Compared with Currently Marketed Capillary and Venous Blood Collection Systems for Selected General Chemistry Analytes — Parikh et al., The journal of applied laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- venous-agreement
- validation
2025
In 46 women under hormone monitoring at Columbia University Fertility Center, oestradiol, LH, FSH, progesterone and hCG measured on routine immunoassays from 400 to 600 microlitres of upper-arm capillary blood collected with TAP Micro Select agreed closely with paired venous results for every analyte, with correlation and concordance high throughout. It is the evidence that puts a self-collected sample inside the daily monitoring of an IVF cycle.
Painless, needle-free capillary blood collection for fertility hormone monitoring — Lattin et al., Fertility and sterility (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- yourbio
- fertility
- hormones
- venous-agreement
- validation
2025
In 40 participants, dried blood spots showed excellent agreement with venous blood for HBA1c measurement (LCCC 0.982, PCC 0.990, limits of agreement -0.45 to 0.48). The method demonstrated high repeatability (CV 1.13) and clinical conformity (K 0.80), suggesting capillary DBS sampling could replace venipuncture for diabetes monitoring in decentralised settings.
Preliminary comparative study of HBA1c measurement by IEX-HPLC Bio-Rad in dried blood spot vs. whole venous blood — Hadami et al., Annales de biologie clinique (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
2025
In a Phase 1 crossover study of etrasimod, self-collected blood microsamples yielded pharmacokinetic exposures comparable to conventional venous sampling, both with and without participant practice sessions. Continuous wearable sensors concurrently enabled real-time remote monitoring of safety vital signs and electrocardiograms, demonstrating the viability of hybrid decentralised designs in early-phase clinical trials.
Advancing Early Clinical Trials: The Transformative Potential of Decentralized Designs and Digital Technologies in Phase 1 Clinical Trial — Malhotra et al., Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
- blood
- capillary
- self-collection
- venous-agreement
- dct
- wearable
- rpm
- digital-biomarker
- multimodal
2025
In 20 adults, CRP measured in urine and saliva strongly correlated with serum CRP (Spearman rho 0.886) and was significantly elevated in participants with systemic inflammation compared with controls, suggesting these noninvasive matrices could replace venipuncture for monitoring inflammatory status in remote or at-home settings.
Multimodal Noninvasive Assessment of C-Reactive Protein for Systemic Inflammation in Adults: Cross-Sectional Study — Shim et al., JMIR formative research
- saliva
- urine
- stool
- sweat
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- biomarkers
2025
Dried blood spot HPLC accurately identified and quantified all major hemoglobin variants after ambient storage for up to three weeks, correctly diagnosing sickle cell, beta-thalassemia and other hemoglobinopathies compared to conventional whole blood analysis. This supports cost-effective, decentralised screening in remote regions where venous sampling is impractical.
Hemoglobin Variant Analysis and Its Comparison between Conventional High-performance Liquid Chromatography Using Whole Blood versus Dried Blood Spot: High-performance Liquid Chromatography — Jena et al., Indian journal of public health (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- economics
2025
Among 154 volunteers, 85% found HemaSpot HF self-sampling acceptable, but correlation with venous blood for anti-tetanus toxin IgG was moderate (r = 0.73) and sensitivity varied from 70% to 100% depending on the cut-off value, with concentration differences widening at higher IgG levels. The device requires further improvement before it can reliably replace venous puncture for decentralised serological testing.
Feasibility of blood self-sampling with HemaSpot HF for Anti-Clostridium tetani Toxin IgG detection — Kettlitz et al., Scientific reports
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- serology
2025
Targeted proteomic evaluation of a novel finger-prick dried plasma device demonstrated strong quantitative correlation with conventional plasma (R = 0.99) and precision under 10% CV for 80% of quantified peptides across healthy donors. Quantified targets also remained stable during room temperature storage for up to 232 days, supporting its use for decentralised biomarker monitoring.
Quantitative Assessment of a Novel Device Designed for Patient-centric Sampling of Dried Plasma Using Targeted Proteomics — Hober et al., Analytical chemistry
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- dct
- biomarkers
2025
Comfort Draw collected adequate capillary blood from the upper arm in 85.5 per cent of attempts for total blood volume and 95.1 per cent for serum volume, with 17 of 19 serum analytes meeting CLIA acceptance criteria against matched venous samples. The procedure scored a mean pain rating of 0.39 out of 10, indicating high patient acceptability, and the device’s simpler design may lower cost for decentralised diagnostics.
Evaluation of a Simplified Upper Arm Device for Vacuum-Assisted Collection of Capillary Blood Specimens — Schaff et al., Diagnostics
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
2025
The study found that dried blood spot sampling showed good agreement with plasma concentrations for vancomycin and creatinine, with most differences within 20%, and patients preferred the finger prick method over venepuncture, supporting its use for decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring.
Clinical validation of an innovative dried whole-blood spot method to quantify simultaneously vancomycin and creatinine in adult patients — Hassanzai et al., The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- tdm
- antimicrobials
2025
Capillary blood collection using volumetric absorptive microsampling demonstrated equivalent quantification of principal colonic polyphenol metabolites compared with matched venous plasma across a six-hour period following barley biscuit consumption. The technique successfully captured the pharmacokinetic profiles over 48 hours, confirming VAMS as a reliable alternative to venepuncture for dietary biomarker monitoring.
Finger-prick blood sampling using volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) method for monitoring the main (poly)phenolic metabolites in human blood after barley biscuit intake — Cortijo-Alfonso et al., Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- metabolome
- biomarkers
2025
VAMS finger-prick sampling showed moderate agreement with conventional venous sampling for clofazimine, with a systematic 13% lower concentration that can be corrected, and was more cost-effective by about 4.45 USD per sample, supporting its use for routine therapeutic drug monitoring in MDR-TB.
Analytical and clinical validation of a volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) - Ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the analysis of Clofazimine in whole blood — Nugraha et al., Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- antimicrobials
- economics
2025
Capillary blood sampling showed near-perfect correlation with venous sampling for total PSA across a wide clinical range with negligible bias, and samples remained stable at ambient temperature for up to eight days, supporting feasibility of home self-testing for prostate cancer.
Total Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Testing in Capillary Samples: Proof-of-Principle and Feasibility Study for Home Self-Testing for Prostate Cancer — Sodi et al., The journal of applied laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
2025
Capillary blood collected by fingerstick or microblade devices produced metabolite profiles that were virtually identical to venous samples when the same biofluid type was compared. This validation study demonstrates that inexpensive microsampling systems can deliver comparable metabolomics data, supporting their use in decentralised diagnostics.
Quantitative comparison of whole blood, plasma and serum metabolomes across different blood collection methods — Zubkowski et al., Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society (paywalled)
- blood
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- metabolome
2025
Erythropoietin was unstable in urine stored at room temperature or 37 degrees, with degradation in eight of twelve participants, while serum samples showed greater stability. Recombinant EPO detectability was identical across urine, venous serum and capillary serum collected with the Tasso+ SST device, leading the authors to recommend capillary serum collection for doping control to improve overall detection of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents.
Assessing EPO stability in urine and comparing recombinant EPO detectability in matched urine, venous serum, and capillary serum following a controlled epoetin alfa administration — Miller et al., Drug testing and analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- urine
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- doping
2025
Capillary whole blood collected with RedDrop and Tasso+ devices showed excellent laboratory agreement with venous blood for complete blood count parameters except platelets, indicating that microcapillary sampling is a valid alternative to venepuncture for anti-doping athlete biological passport testing.
Comparison of Microcapillary Blood Sampling Devices for Use in Anti-Doping — Lewis et al., Drug testing and analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- doping
2025
Dried blood spot sampling matched venous serum performance for islet autoantibody detection and was considered minimally invasive and convenient by parents and stakeholders, supporting its use for decentralised screening in home or community settings.
Establishing the performance and acceptability of dried blood spot sampling to screen for islet-specific autoantibodies — Faustini et al., Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- pediatric
2025
In 22 adults, capillary blood collection demonstrated strong correlation with venous sampling for 66 per cent of inflammatory proteins and moderate to strong correlation for 80 per cent overall, supporting its validity for proteomic measurement in decentralised trials.
Comparing Venous vs. Capillary Blood Collection Methods for Proteomic Measurement in Peripheral Blood — Ni Lochlainn et al., Proteomics. Clinical applications
- blood
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- dct
- biomarkers
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