The Library
1530 papers on microsampling and monitoring, each with a finding paraphrased to our standard and labelled in one vocabulary. Every entry links to a legitimate copy; nothing is copied from an abstract.
Papers 1–100 of 301 labelled “capillary”, newest first.
2026
In AML and CLL, 91% of VAMS venetoclax results fell within 20% of plasma after individualised haematocrit correction; in home sampling, 18 of 21 patients self-sampled independently and 76% of returned samples were analysable, which shows home microsampling is workable, though the authors ask for multicentre validation.
Clinical Validation of Venetoclax Volumetric Microsampling in Leukemia, with Whole-Blood-to-Plasma Conversion and Self-Microsampling Feasibility — Levens et al., Clinical Pharmacokinetics (paywalled)
- vams
- venous-agreement
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- self-collection
- haematocrit
- dried
- oncology
- capillary
- validation
2026
Guidance on capillary-to-plasma conversion: method- and analyte-specific clinical validation with paired capillary–venous samples before reporting plasma-equivalent results.
To Convert or Not to Convert? Official IATDMCT Guideline on Converting Capillary-Blood Microsampling Concentrations to Plasma Concentrations — Boffel et al., Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- tdm
- standards
- dried
- capillary
- validation
2026
In four crew members, capillary volumetric absorptive microsampling caught altered acetaminophen pharmacokinetics in flight: Cmax rose to 43,300 ng/mL from 9,110 before flight and clearance fell to 3,890 mL/h from 16,200, pointing to toxicity risk at standard dosing; four people only, but a case for microsampling where no clinic can reach.
Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling During Spaceflight for Analysis of Acetaminophen Pharmacokinetics in Whole Blood — Mampre et al., Journal of clinical pharmacology
- blood
- capillary
- vams
- tdm
- dct
2026
At-home volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) for anti-seizure medicines was feasible and reliable, with strong correlations to clinic VAMS and low bias for lacosamide, lamotrigine and levetiracetam; quantitative dried blood spot (qDBS) was a reliable alternative in the ambulatory setting, though older age reduced sampling quality.
Real-world evaluation of capillary microsampling for drug monitoring of anti-seizure medications — Cancellerini et al., Epilepsia (paywalled)
- vams
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- blood
- qdbs
- tdm
- self-collection
- dried
- capillary
2026
This review found that volumetric microsampling devices, such as Mitra, HemaPEN, HemaXis DB10, and Tasso-M20, overcome haematocrit bias, whilst Telimmune plasma separation cards enable direct plasma collection without centrifugation. These technologies support patient-centric, decentralised sampling, though the authors note that clinical validation remains limited across different drugs and patient populations.
A Review of Blood-Based Microsampling Devices for Patient-Centered Application in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring — Huhn & Scherf-Clavel, Therapeutic drug monitoring (paywalled)
- vams
- volumetric
- acceptability
- neoteryx-mitra
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- self-collection
- haematocrit
- dried
- capillary
- validation
2026
In 480 adults, capillary specimens from fingertip lancets or the TAP Micro Select device gave clinically comparable results to venous samples for 16 of 18 routine chemistry analytes; potassium and chloride were not interchangeable, and fingertip collection showed more haemolysis, both points to weigh before decentralised microsampling of routine chemistry.
Venous-capillary blood agreement for routine chemistry analytes: effects of collection site and sample matrix — Deza et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- capillary
- yourbio
- validation
2026
This method validation for 15 cardiovascular drugs found that VAMS and Capitainer-B provided interchangeable patient results, although Capitainer-B showed higher matrix effects while VAMS exhibited stability losses for specific analytes after two weeks. The work confirms the suitability of these microsampling workflows for decentralised adherence monitoring but highlights the need for analyte-specific stability testing.
Capillary blood microsampling and LC-Orbitrap analysis for adherence monitoring of cardiovascular drugs: method development, cross-validation, and patient proof-of-concept using VAMS and Capitainer-B — Kretschmer et al., Talanta (paywalled)
- vams
- volumetric
- blood
- tdm
- dried
- capillary
- validation
2026
Capillary dried blood spots, after haematocrit-dependent conversion, showed good agreement with plasma for 25-hydroxyvitamin D quantification, with 90 per cent of results within 20 per cent of plasma and substantial to almost perfect agreement in status classification, supporting reliable home self-collection for large-scale vitamin D monitoring.
Clinical validation of a DBS-based LC-MS/MS method for 25-hydroxyvitamin D: from lab sampling to home sampling — Heughebaert et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- dbs
- self-collection
- haematocrit
- dried
- capillary
- validation
- biomarkers
2026
The study found that capillary dried plasma spots correlated strongly with venous plasma for detecting the Alzheimer's disease biomarker p-tau217. This suggests that microsampling offers a viable, minimally invasive alternative to venipuncture for screening and monitoring Alzheimer's disease pathology.
A minimally invasive dried blood spot biomarker test for the detection of Alzheimer's disease pathology — Huber et al., Nature medicine
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- venous-agreement
- biomarkers
2026
In patients with type 2 diabetes and secondary polycythaemia, HbA1c-derived estimated mean plasma glucose showed a significant negative bias compared to structured home capillary blood glucose monitoring, whilst fructosamine served as a more reliable glycaemic marker.
Glycemic assessment in diabetic patients with secondary polycytheamia: limitations of HbA1c and the potential role of fructosamine-a prospective comparative study — Erarslan et al., Acta diabetologica (paywalled)
- blood
- haematocrit
- capillary
- liquid
- biomarkers
2026
The homeRNA capillary blood collection and stabilization platform successfully captured lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory gene expression profiles. These transcriptomic responses were comparable to those obtained from traditional venous blood samples stabilized with RNAlater or PAXgene, demonstrating the platform's suitability for remote transcriptomic monitoring.
From Home to Transcriptome: Comparing the Transcriptomic Profile of Induced Immune Response via Lipopolysaccharide Stimulation in homeRNA and Venous Blood — Brown et al., Analytical chemistry (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- stabilised
- blood
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
- biomarkers
2026
The study validated a semi-quantitative protocol for Epstein-Barr virus serology using dried blood spots, demonstrating 98.8% sensitivity and 96.5% specificity compared to paired venous serum samples. The successful validation in a self-sampling cohort confirms the suitability of this patient-centric microsampling approach for large-scale seroprevalence studies and decentralised trials.
A dried blood spot protocol for high-throughput semi-quantitative analysis of Epstein-Barr Virus VCA IgG and EBNA IgG serologies based on the Roche Elecsys system — Rubio-Acero et al., Virology journal
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2026
In pregnant women at high risk of gestational diabetes, the GTT@home capillary glucose device showed a small positive bias of 0.16 mmol/L versus venous laboratory OGTT, with 79.8 per cent of results in the lowest surveillance risk zone and diagnostic classification agreement in 54 of 61 cases, suggesting it could support home OGTT in pregnancy.
Use of the GTT@home Oral Glucose Tolerance Test Kit in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Performance Evaluation Study — Dunseath et al., JMIR diabetes
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
2026
The POC haemoglobin device showed moderate correlation with laboratory values but was not accurate enough for routine monitoring; however, it had a high negative predictive value at the 7 g/dL threshold, meaning it can reliably rule out severe anaemia and may help avoid unnecessary transfusions and hospital visits if confirmed in larger studies.
The Use of Point-of-Care Hemoglobin Measurements in an Elderly Population with Hematological Disorders and Anemia — Appel et al., Hematology reports
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- venous-agreement
2026
A machine learning model called Remote Control was trained on 2685 blood samples to predict change due to instability, enabling accurate calibration of results to approximate the time zero value at collection. With calibration, unprocessed whole blood could be transported for up to 9 days under ambient conditions and temperatures between 3.4 and 47.4 degrees Celsius, achieving agreement with CLIA TEa between 98.1 and 100 per cent and expanding the catalog of tests available for at-home collection.
Prolonging Sample Stability with Machine Learning Expands the Catalog of Tests Available for Mail-In Capillary Blood Collected At-Home — O'Meara et al., Analytical chemistry (paywalled)
- dct
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
- biomarkers
2026
This proof-of-concept study demonstrated that patients with inflammatory bowel disease could successfully perform capillary blood microsampling at home with high analytical success rates, and a majority preferred this decentralised approach over hospital venous draws.
Implementation of a Capillary Blood Self-Sampling Technique at Home for Monitoring of Patients With IBD — Schuurman et al., Inflammatory bowel diseases
- acceptability
- multimodal
- blood
- rpm
- self-collection
- capillary
- liquid
2026
The True Dose TD-EPI kit demonstrated strong analytical agreement with venous blood for epirubicin monitoring, and the capillary samples remained stable for 72 hours at ambient temperature.
Method-Comparison Validation of a Novel Capillary Blood Collection Kit, True Dose<sup>®</sup> TD-EPI, for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Epirubicin — De Chiara et al., Pharmaceuticals
- venous-agreement
- stabilised
- blood
- tdm
- oncology
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
2026
This UK consensus opinion outlines how clinical laboratories can validate self-collected capillary blood sampling against venous reference standards to achieve accreditation and facilitate the shift towards community-based patient care.
UK recommendations for the validation and adoption of capillary blood testing within the routine clinical laboratory: Consensus opinion from the LabMed patient-centred testing and sampling (PaCTS) group — Woolley et al., Annals of clinical biochemistry (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- standards
- self-collection
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
2026
Capillary blood samples collected by staff or self-collected by participants showed strong correlation and clinically acceptable agreement with venipuncture for influenza haemagglutination inhibition titers. The small differences observed were not clinically meaningful, and adequate sample volume was achieved in most attempts, supporting the feasibility of decentralised serological testing.
Comparison of influenza hemagglutination inhibition titers from capillary blood versus venipuncture — Rick et al., Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2026
This study found strong concordance between capillary samples collected via the Tasso device and standard venous draws for VirScan serology, indicating that self-collected samples are a practical alternative for decentralised research. The authors advise against interchanging these collection methods within a single longitudinal study to avoid introducing technical variability.
Assessing VirScan serosurvey epitope profiling variability between in-clinic venous blood draw and capillary blood self-sampling device — Sircy et al., Microbiology spectrum
- dct
- venous-agreement
- blood
- self-collection
- serology
- capillary
- liquid
2026
Self-collected capillary blood samples posted by standard mail showed high concordance with couriered venous samples for HbA1c, creatinine and lipid parameters, supporting their use for remote monitoring in diabetes management and screening.
Concordance of HbA1c, creatinine, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and total cholesterol between venous and self-collected capillary blood samples sent by mail — Hoffmeister et al., Journal of diabetes investigation
- venous-agreement
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
2026
The study found that quantitative dried blood spot sampling provided high clinical agreement for tacrolimus and creatinine monitoring, with patients rating the self-collection devices as user-friendly. These results support the feasibility of decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring for immunosuppressants.
Patient-centric capillary dried blood spot sampling for tacrolimus and creatinine monitoring in clinical practice — De Baets et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- qdbs
- self-collection
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
2026
Although most kidney transplant recipients successfully collected capillary blood samples at home, haemolysis and transport conditions affected analyte stability. Agreement with venous sampling was acceptable for haemoglobin and creatinine, but potassium and haematocrit exceeded total allowable error limits.
At-home blood collection for clinical chemistry analyses in a kidney transplant population: a feasibility study — Hoekstra et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- bd-microtainer
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
2026
Capillary samples collected using dried blood spots and Mitra microsamplers showed strong agreement with venous plasma for quantifying IgG antibodies against most vaccine-preventable diseases. Sensitivity was high for the majority of pathogens, though the study noted that antibody stability declined at room temperature over time, favouring cold storage for longer durations.
Comparison of capillary microsampling and venous blood for multi-pathogen serosurveillance — Ombati et al., Scientific reports (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- dbs
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2026
Volumetric microsampling can enable patient-centred therapeutic drug monitoring with high patient preference and acceptable method validation for many drugs, but conversion from capillary to plasma and agreement with venous sampling varies by analyte and requires careful validation.
Volumetric Microsampling for Patient-Centric Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Clinical Pharmacology: A Scoping Review — Tummala et al., Journal of clinical pharmacology (paywalled)
- volumetric
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- blood
- tdm
- self-collection
- haematocrit
- dried
- capillary
- validation
2026
In a large study using self-collected capillary blood, current vaping and smoking were independently associated with lower levels of anti-Müllerian hormone, a marker of ovarian reserve. This demonstrates the utility of decentralised capillary sampling for large-scale epidemiological research on reproductive health.
E-cigarette use (vaping) and cigarette smoking are associated with reduced markers of ovarian reserve: a cross-sectional study of 16,087 women — Getreu et al., BMC women's health (paywalled)
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- fertility
- hormones
2026
Capillary fingerstick sampling showed high correlation and agreement with venous sampling for serum AMH but with proportional bias, so it may improve access to testing yet should not be considered fully interchangeable without further validation.
Comparison of serum anti-Müllerian hormone concentrations measured in capillary fingerstick and venous samples from Korean reproductive-aged women — Lavadia et al., Clinical and experimental reproductive medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- fertility
- hormones
2026
Fingerstick capillary sampling showed strong agreement with venous sampling for mycophenolic acid, tacrolimus and cyclosporine A, with acceptable bias and improved agreement for mycophenolic acid after haematocrit correction. This minimally invasive approach may reduce procedural burden and support outpatient or home based therapeutic drug monitoring in children.
Minimally Invasive Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Immunosuppressants in Children with Kidney Diseases: Validation of Fingerstick Sampling Using LC-MS/MS — Ishii et al., Pharmaceuticals
- venous-agreement
- blood
- tdm
- haematocrit
- capillary
- pediatric
- immunosuppressants
- validation
2026
This study validated a method requiring only 10 microlitres of serum and found high agreement between fingerstick capillary samples and venous serum for monitoring twelve antibiotics. The results suggest capillary serum sampling is a feasible, minimally invasive alternative that avoids the haematocrit effect associated with whole blood microsampling.
Feasibility verification of fingerstick capillary microsampling replacing venipuncture for therapeutic drug monitoring of 12 antibiotics using a rapid LC-MS/MS assay — Chen et al., Talanta (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- tdm
- antimicrobials
2026
The study developed and validated a reliable HPLC-MS method for quantifying multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitors from VAMS microsamples of capillary blood, showing acceptable accuracy, precision, and 28-day stability at -21°C, with results comparable to venous plasma in 194 samples from patients with solid tumours. This enables therapeutic drug monitoring using microsamples in oncology practice.
HPLC-MS Quantification of Multiple Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Patients with Solid Tumors: Method Validation and Clinical Application — Staudinger et al., Pharmaceutics (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
- oncology
2026
A validated two-step LC-MS/MS protocol can identify 91 prohibited doping agents from a single dried blood spot collected on either cellulose cards or volumetric absorptive microsampling devices. This demonstrates robust multi-analyte screening from capillary blood, supporting decentralised anti-doping programmes where venous sampling is impractical.
Dried Blood Spots for Doping Purpose-Two-Step Protocol for Analysis of Non-Threshold Substances and Anabolic Steroid Esters From One Spot/Pebble — Stojanovic et al., Biomedical chromatography : BMC (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- dbs
- validation
- doping
- toxicology
2026
Capillary finger-stick dried blood spots demonstrated strong analytical agreement with venous serum for prostate-specific antigen (R² = 0.987) and remained stable for 31 days across a wide temperature range. This less invasive microsampling approach enables at-home self-collection, supporting decentralised screening and tele-diagnostics for prostate cancer.
Accessible Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing through Finger-Stick Dried Blood Spots and Routine Laboratory Analyzers — van Vugt et al., The journal of applied laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- haematocrit
- biomarkers
2026
Capillary blood collected with Tasso+ devices demonstrated strong agreement with venous blood for primary Athlete Biological Passport markers (haemoglobin, reticulocytes, OFF-score, ABPS) with correlations ≥0.9, though platelet count showed poor concordance. Despite 44 of 209 samples failing pre-analytical checks mainly due to coagulation, high athlete acceptance and minimal pain support capillary sampling as a less invasive, viable alternative for decentralised anti-doping controls.
Capillary Blood as a Potential New Matrix for the Athlete Biological Passport: A Field-Based Comparison Study — Requena-Tutusaus et al., Medicine and science in sports and exercise (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- doping
2026
ALAS2 and CA1 mRNA were reliably quantified from venous-cellulose, capillary-cellulose and Tasso-M20 dried blood spots with strong linear agreement (r ≥ 0.96) and no bias for ALAS2. CA1 showed modest proportional bias of 9-22% only when Tasso-M20 was compared with cellulose cards in the rEPO cohort, but no significant differences in relative expression across matrices were observed at any timepoint. These findings support decentralised capillary sampling for longitudinal anti-doping monitoring.
Comparison of Dried Blood Spot Sampling Methods for RNA-Based Biomarker Measurement in Anti-Doping — Bejder et al., Drug testing and analysis
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- doping
- biomarkers
2026
In a cohort of 62 participants evaluating home self-collection with the TassoPlus device, 38 returned samples, with 29% excluded due to insufficient plasma volume below 200 ΔL. Although viral load measurements in adequate samples correlated well with conventional testing (r = 0.800), the high failure rate and missed detection in low-volume viremic samples indicate that further technical refinements are necessary before clinical adoption.
Feasibility and reliability of decentralized HIV-1 viral load monitoring on self-sampled blood — Mendes de Leon et al., PloS one
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- serology
2026
In a feasibility randomised controlled trial with 28 adults aged 65 years, 62% successfully self-collected finger-prick capillary blood samples for influenza antibody and vitamin D measurement. While overall study procedures were acceptable, the capillary sampling method requires refinement before wider deployment in decentralised diagnostics for older adults.
PROTECTIVE-D-a feasibility randomised controlled trial examining the effect of a positive mood intervention and vitamin D supplementation on the immunological responses to influenza vaccination in older adults — Royal et al., Pilot and feasibility studies (paywalled)
- blood
- capillary
- self-collection
- acceptability
- dct
2026
A female participant using the Tasso+ capillary self-blood collection device developed a gaping lesion at the application site that required surgical treatment and left a permanent scar, highlighting an unexpected safety issue and the need for further safety evaluation of self-administered blood collection systems.
Unexpected scarring following use of capillary self-blood collection device: A case report and discussion of device design — Müller et al., The journal of vascular access
- blood
- capillary
- self-collection
2026
Capillary blood collected by volumetric absorptive microsampling gave a shorter detection window than urine for a stimulant, helping to distinguish recent from earlier use, and more reliable detection of long-acting diuretics that bind red cells. This shows microsampling can improve interpretation in drug-monitoring programmes where urinary data alone may be ambiguous.
Stressing the limits of capillary blood in anti-doping analysis: perspectives on alkylamine-like stimulants and carbonic anhydrase II inhibitors in result management — da Costa Nunes et al., Frontiers in sports and active living
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- doping
- toxicology
2026
In a nationwide survey of 1047 Belgian adults, at-home VAMS achieved a 63% participation-to-analysis completion rate with 16% of samples excluded due to insufficient quality. While dietary intake suggested adequate thiamine consumption, 11% of participants had blood thiamine diphosphate concentrations below the reference threshold, showing the utility of remote microsampling for identifying true nutritional status.
Thiamine status in Belgian adults assessed by volumetric absorptive microsampling: a nation-wide cross-sectional survey — Heughebaert et al., The American journal of clinical nutrition (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- self-collection
- biomarkers
2026
In adults with type 1 diabetes, Dexcom G7 and FreeStyle Libre 3 showed high accuracy during physical activity, whereas the Simplera system was less accurate; this matters for selecting devices in decentralised monitoring.
Performance of three simultaneously used rtCGM systems around a physically active weekend camp in adults with type 1 diabetes: A prospective lab and real-world study — Sanfilippo et al., Diabetes, obesity & metabolism
- blood
- capillary
- wearable
- cgm
- multimodal
2026
Among 101 working-age women in Chicago, 70% returned at-home kits for capillary blood and saliva collection, demonstrating that patient-centric microsampling of stress biomarkers (cortisol and CRP) is feasible in diverse urban populations. This supports decentralised diagnostics for population health research.
A feasibility study exploring precarious employment and stress-related health among women — Oddo et al., BMC public health
- blood
- saliva
- capillary
- self-collection
- cortisol
- biomarkers
2026
Capillary whole blood collected and dried on the OneDraw device gave robust PFAS measurements with low limits of quantification, and levels of ten PFAS correlated strongly with matched venous plasma levels in 133 veterans, enabling remote sampling without clinical infrastructure.
Use of a capillary blood collection device to monitor exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in Veterans living in proximity to potential sources of environmental contamination — Havens et al., Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
2026
Capillary blood obtained using an at-home collection device matched venous blood closely in immune cell composition and phenotype. Although shipping affected myeloid cells, T cell numbers, subsets, and phenotypes stayed stable, which supports the practicality of remote immune monitoring.
An at-home blood collection device for remote immune monitoring by high-parameter flow cytometry — Konecny et al., JCI insight
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
2026
Finger-stick dried blood spots produce creatinine measurements that correlate strongly with venous plasma (R² = 0.97), with 91% sensitivity and 96% specificity for detecting reduced eGFR. Creatinine stays stable in dried spots for up to one month at refrigerated or frozen temperatures, supporting accurate home-based kidney function screening, patient follow-up, and medication management.
Creatinine measurement from finger stick dried blood spots with a routine chemistry analyzer for estimation of GFR — van Dam et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- haematocrit
2026
This scoping review identified 15 distinct technologies for measuring HbA1c from capillary blood, with point-of-care devices requiring only 2 to 10 µL and delivering results within minutes. However, diagnostic accuracy varied widely between studies and devices, and most evidence comes from high-income countries, indicating gaps in validation for low- and middle-income settings where decentralised screening is most needed.
HbA1c measurement using capillary blood in epidemiological studies: a scoping review of technologies and approaches — Breternitz et al., BMC endocrine disorders (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
2026
Home DBS sampling gave testosterone results that agreed well with venous blood in men on intramuscular testosterone undecanoate, but showed falsely high values in those using topical gel, likely from skin contamination. Patients preferred home collection for its convenience, suggesting DBS is viable for decentralised monitoring of injectable testosterone if patients are taught proper technique.
From venipuncture to self-sampling dried blood spots: a shift in monitoring testosterone levels — Olthof et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- fertility
- hormones
- tdm
2026
In matched clinical samples from rheumatoid arthritis, VAMS and DBS showed strong agreement for methotrexate polyglutamates (slopes 0.95-1.07; bias within -4.21% to 0.36%; SRCC ≥ 0.969), with up to 100% of total MTXPG results within ±20% limits; capillary microsampling agreed closely with whole blood but differed from red blood cells, indicating matrix-specific differences that must be accounted for when interpreting against RBC-based reference values.
Multi-Matrix LC-MS/MS Validation of Methotrexate Polyglutamates: Comparison of VAMS, DBS, and Conventional Blood Sampling in Rheumatoid Arthritis — Kocur et al., International journal of molecular sciences
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
2026
A UPLC-MS/MS method for linezolid and metabolites in oral fluid and VAMS capillary blood satisfied ICH M10 validation requirements. Linezolid concentrations correlated strongly with venous plasma in both matrices, offering a non‑invasive option for therapeutic drug monitoring, whereas metabolites were systematically underestimated in VAMS and seldom detectable in oral fluid, restricting metabolite measurement.
Simultaneous quantification of linezolid and its metabolites (PNU-142300 and PNU-142586) in oral fluid and capillary blood by UPLC-MS/MS: method validation and clinical application using non-invasive sampling techniques — González-Berdullas et al., Journal of translational medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- saliva
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- antimicrobials
- haematocrit
2025
A head-to-head pharmacokinetic comparison of conventional venous sampling against patient-centric microsampling: exactly the bridging study regulators now expect before microsampled data supports an endpoint.
A Pharmacokinetic Study of Zavegepant Nasal Spray in Healthy Adults Comparing Conventional Venous Blood Sampling With Patient-Centric Microsampling — Shahin et al., Clinical and Translational Science
- dct
- venous-agreement
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
2025
A UK survey of 2,816 healthcare workers found that 74% preferred at-home PCR testing and 52% preferred at-home serological sampling over hospital visits; some reported blood-collection or kit difficulties, and the authors conclude that home sampling is acceptable and workable for keeping participants in long-running studies.
Comparing Participant Experiences of at-Home and Hospital-Based Biological Sampling: Cross-Sectional Insights From the SIREN Study — Lut et al., Health Science Reports
- acceptability
- blood
- self-collection
- serology
- capillary
2025
An evaluation of blood sampling strategies across a large UK healthcare-worker cohort study, covering how sampling approach affected participation.
Evaluating blood sampling strategies within the SIREN study: the experience from a large cohort of healthcare workers in the UK — Hettiarachchi et al., BMC Medical Research Methodology
- dct
- acceptability
- blood
- economics
- self-collection
- capillary
- validation
2025
Earlobe capillary microsampling of 100-250 µL found good agreement with venous draws for progesterone, concordance 0.911, and 17β-estradiol, concordance 0.919, across menstrual cycles, showing suitability for decentralised monitoring. However, participant-reported burden was not assessed, and further validation is required in elite athletes.
Larger-volume capillary blood sampling is a valid alternative to assess progesterone and 17β-estradiol for cycle phase identification — Schlie et al., Frontiers in Physiology
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- hormones
- fertility
- venous-agreement
- validation
2025
A head-to-head of four upper-arm capillary devices, including TAP Micro Select, versus fingerstick and venous: experience and performance varied by device with none clearly superior, while analyte correlations with venous were similar across all.
Comparing capillary blood collection technologies: patient experience, device performance and clinical accuracy — Collier et al., Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- yourbio
- capillary
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- validation
- bd-microtainer
2025
A vacuum-assisted upper-arm device collected a mean 538 µL and met the volume target in 85.5% of cases; 17 of 19 analytes met CLIA agreement with venous, with pain lower than fingerstick.
Evaluation of a Simplified Upper-Arm Device for Vacuum-Assisted Collection of Capillary Blood — Schaff et al., Diagnostics
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- validation
- bd-microtainer
2025
Plasma lipidomes from self-collected upper-arm capillary blood were statistically indistinguishable from paired venous plasma, most classes at r=0.95–0.99, validating at-home capillary self-collection for lipidomics.
Comparison of capillary and venous plasma lipidomes: validation of self-collected blood for plasma lipidomics — Hameed et al., J. Lipid Research
- venous-agreement
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
- biomarkers
2025
This study validated a method for measuring the alcohol biomarker phosphatidylethanol using two volumetric absorptive microsampling devices, finding that the Mitra device met all validation criteria and agreed with venous sampling. The Capitainer device was deemed suitable but showed reduced accuracy at higher concentrations, with a small proportional negative bias compared to venous results.
A validated method for capillary phosphatidylethanol 16:0/18:1 quantification with two different 10-µl volumetric absorptive microsample devices in the same setup — Andreassen et al., Journal of analytical toxicology (paywalled)
- vams
- venous-agreement
- neoteryx-mitra
- blood
- dbs
- dried
- toxicology
- capillary
- validation
2025
A comparison of blood microsampling found that after 35 days, PFAS recovery changed by over 10% for five analytes using the Neoteryx hemaPEN and four using Whatman 903, but zero using the Neoteryx Mitra. The Mitra retained 45 of 49 PFAS within 70-130% recovery, showing its high stability for decentralised biomonitoring without contamination risks.
Comparison of microsampling for PFAS blood analysis: Enabling cheap high-resolution biomonitoring — Partington et al., Analytica chimica acta (paywalled)
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- blood
- dbs
- self-collection
- dried
- capillary
- validation
2025
Dried saliva collected with the Mitra device correlated strongly with wet saliva but poorly with plasma unbound and total concentrations, indicating it is not a reliable substitute for plasma in routine therapeutic drug monitoring of mycophenolic acid and its glucuronide metabolite. Capillary blood collected via VAMS remains a promising alternative for long term monitoring in paediatric patients.
Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling of Saliva for Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Mycophenolic Acid and Its Glucuronide Metabolite in Pediatric Renal Transplant Recipients: Bioanalytical Method Validation and Clinical Feasibility Evaluation — Kocur et al., Pharmaceuticals
- blood
- saliva
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- pediatric
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
2025
The study found very strong correlation between venous blood collection and capillary VAMS using Mitra devices for detecting SARS-CoV-2 spike antibodies, with samples remaining stable at room temperature for several months. This enables reliable at-home, patient-centric serological testing for large-scale community surveillance and vaccine studies.
Validation of at-home blood sampling for large scale, cost effective serological analysis for anti-viral antibody responses — Mayer et al., Journal of immunological methods (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2025
The study found a dried blood spot method for ustekinumab was linear from 3 to 12 mg/L with inter-day accuracy of 90.1 to 106%, enabling reliable capillary blood measurement for remote monitoring; the authors note the single-centre design.
Development, Validation and Application of the Dried Blood Spot Analysis Method for the Determination of Ustekinumab in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease — Mingas et al., Pharmaceuticals
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- validation
- tdm
- biologics
2025
Capillary dried blood spots yielded reference ranges for testosterone, androstenedione, 17α hydroxyprogesterone and progesterone in healthy premenopausal women, with lower concentrations in users of systemic hormonal contraceptives and cycle-related variation for 17OHP and P4. These ranges enable screening for disorders of sex development using less invasive microsampling.
Evaluation of reference ranges of four circulating sex steroids from dried blood spots in women aged 18-40 years — Wang et al., The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology (paywalled)
- blood
- dbs
- dried
- capillary
- fertility
- hormones
2025
Capillary tubes with serum separator gel gave 13% lower estradiol and 8% lower testosterone than non-gel capillary tubes, with discrepancies up to 19% and 14% versus venous tubes; other fertility hormones were unaffected. Conversion formulas were derived, but the study did not evaluate home collection workflows.
Systematic Reduction in Estradiol and Testosterone Measurements due to Serum Separator Gel in Blood Collection Tubes: Implications for At-Home Fertility Testing — Vasavan et al., The journal of applied laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- capillary
- venous-agreement
- fertility
- hormones
2025
This pilot study found that while initial household enrolment was low at 9%, remote follow-up was highly feasible, with 88% of respondents, 151 of 172, successfully returning self-collected capillary blood samples after 12 months. This shows that decentralised microsampling is viable for household cohorts when face-to-face contact is restricted.
'Bern, get ready', BEready, a household-based cohort study for pandemic preparedness research in Switzerland: pilot study — Hodel et al., BMJ open
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- dct
2025
The study found that capillary microtube samples showed perfect correlation, R 1.00, and narrow limits of agreement with venous blood for IgG monitoring, making them a viable alternative. Dried blood spots showed only moderate correlation, R 0.77, and broad limits of agreement, which the authors state makes them unsuitable for routine diagnostics.
Comparison of capillary dried blood spot and capillary microtubes with venous immunoglobulin G levels for routine diagnostics — Boland et al., Clinical biochemistry (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- dbs
- dried
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
2025
The HematoCARD cartridge autonomously collects duplicate 10 microlitre dried blood spot samples from a single finger prick and shows good analytical performance for monitoring adalimumab, with accuracy between 91 and 111 per cent, linearity R squared 0.99 and coefficient of variation at or above 0.94 compared with serum reference and commercial DBS microsampling methods.
HematoCARD: A Volumetric Duplicate Dried Blood Spot Collection Cartridge Validated for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring — Van Hileghem et al., Analytical chemistry (paywalled)
- volumetric
- biologics
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- haematocrit
- dried
- capillary
- validation
2025
A study of decentralised patient-centric microsampling found that 82% of untrained participants, 47 of 57, successfully self-collected acceptable fingerstick blood in Microtainer tubes. All 46 tested samples yielded accurate HIV viral suppression results compared to venipuncture, though this remote monitoring approach is limited to US courier services and temperature conditions.
A cross-sectional analysis of fingerstick blood self-microcollection for remote HIV suppression monitoring in Atlanta, Georgia, USA: a path to expanding access to continuum of care — Johnson et al., AIDS research and therapy
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- bd-microtainer
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2025
The study found volumetric absorptive microsampling showed high agreement between capillary and venous concentrations, with 94% of dasatinib and 95% of imatinib samples meeting the 20% acceptance criterion. VAMS is viable for imatinib monitoring and may allow longitudinal follow-up for dasatinib; however, VAMS results for imatinib, but not dasatinib, could be converted to plasma concentrations using prior ratios.
Toward Clinical Implementation of a Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling-Based Method for Dasatinib and Imatinib Therapeutic Drug Monitoring — Verougstraete et al., Therapeutic drug monitoring (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- oncology
2025
In 277 paediatric patients, capillary microsampling with the Microsemi CRP device found close agreement with venous testing for CRP, with a mean difference of -0.25 mg/dL and 95% limits of -2.1 to 1.6 mg/dL. WBC showed a bias of -18 × 100/μL, with 95% limits of -73 to 37 × 100/μL. This supports decentralised, patient-centric screening of febrile children.
Comparison between point-of-care testing from capillary samples and conventional laboratory testing from venous samples for white blood cells and C-reactive protein in a pediatric outpatient setting — Kuniyoshi et al., Journal of general and family medicine
- venous-agreement
- blood
- capillary
- pediatric
- biomarkers
2025
The study compared quantitative dried blood spot (qDBS) and volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) devices for measuring ganciclovir levels in capillary blood from pediatric renal transplant recipients. This comparison provides evidence for choosing between microsampling devices in therapeutic drug monitoring, supporting decentralised sampling approaches that reduce patient burden while maintaining analytical accuracy.
The comparison of two volumetric microsampling devices (qDBS and VAMS) for determining ganciclovir levels in capillary blood using the LC-MS/MS technique in pediatric renal transplant recipients — Kocur et al., European journal of pharmaceutical sciences : official journal of the European Federation for Pharmaceutical Sciences (paywalled)
- vams
- volumetric
- blood
- qdbs
- tdm
- dried
- antimicrobials
- capillary
- pediatric
- validation
2025
A study of 12 kidney transplant recipients providing 69 paired samples found that a VAMS-based assay for mycophenolic acid and its metabolite had 90% to 106% accuracy. Converting microsampling results to plasma concentrations met agreement criteria, supporting decentralised monitoring, though the study was small and limited to a single centre.
Development and Clinical Validation of a Volumetric Absorptive Capillary Microsampling Method for Quantification of Mycophenolic Acid and Mycophenolic Acid Glucuronide in Kidney Transplant Recipients — Drevland et al., Therapeutic drug monitoring (paywalled)
- vams
- venous-agreement
- blood
- tdm
- dried
- capillary
- immunosuppressants
- validation
2025
This study found moderate to strong correlations between SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels in fingerprick dried blood spots collected using the hemaPEN device and standard venous serum samples from children and adults. The results suggest that this microsampling device offers a reliable alternative to venepuncture for serological surveillance.
Evaluation of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response Between Paired Fingerprick (HemaPEN<sup>®</sup>) and Venepuncture Collected Samples in Children and Adults — Mazarakis et al., Antibodies
- blood
- capillary
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- serology
2025
A validated LC-MS/MS method for everolimus using Mitra and Capitainer devices found excellent agreement between capillary microsamples and venous whole blood in 33 adult transplant recipients. The results showed high accuracy and negligible haematocrit effects, supporting the use of microsampling for decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring.
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Everolimus Using Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling and Quantitative Dried Blood Spot Methods with LC-MS/MS in Adult Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: An Analytical and Clinical Comparative Study — Kocur et al., Molecules
- vams
- venous-agreement
- neoteryx-mitra
- blood
- qdbs
- tdm
- haematocrit
- dried
- capillary
- immunosuppressants
- validation
2025
In children with SLE, VAMS finger-prick capillary blood gave haematocrit-adjusted MPA and MPAG concentrations indistinguishable from plasma, and the AUC from VAMS derived plasma-equivalent concentrations matched plasma AUC with R2 0.97. This supports accurate pharmacokinetically guided dosing of MMF using only three timed capillary microsamples.
Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling Combined with Mass Spectrometry to Support Pharmacokinetically-Guided Precision Dosing of Mycophenolate Mofetil in Pediatric Lupus Nephritis Patients — Zhao et al., The journal of applied laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- vams
- venous-agreement
- blood
- tdm
- haematocrit
- dried
- capillary
- pediatric
- immunosuppressants
- validation
2025
A validated offline SPE-LC-MS/MS method using the Mitra microsampling device successfully quantified tacrolimus, cyclosporine A, tryptophan, kynurenine, and creatinine simultaneously. The method met EMA and FDA criteria, showing agreement between capillary and venous sampling, which could facilitate decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring and transplant follow-up through patient self-collection.
An Offline SPE-LC-MS/MS Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Tacrolimus, Cyclosporine A, Kynurenine, Tryptophan, and Creatinine Using Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling Device Mitra — Nierychlewski et al., Therapeutic drug monitoring
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
- biomarkers
2025
This study established conversion methods for estimating plasma concentrations from whole blood VAMS samples for seven out of ten oral anticancer drugs, finding good agreement between capillary and venous samples. Patients reported a positive experience with home sampling using this microsampling technique.
Clinical Application of Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Oral Targeted Anticancer Drugs — Meertens et al., Therapeutic drug monitoring
- vams
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- blood
- tdm
- self-collection
- oncology
- capillary
- validation
2025
A prospective study of 109 subjects found that 250 μl capillary whole blood microsampling is stable for five hours in a microtainer. This patient-centric, decentralised method successfully detected most HCV genotypes at defined limits using the Xpert HCV test on the GeneXpert Xpress system and the cobas HCV platform.
Independent assessment of a point of care HCV RNA test by laboratory analytical testing and a prospective field study in the U.S — Miller et al., PloS one
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- bd-microtainer
- validation
- serology
2025
The authors found that a single microdose of recombinant EPO was detectable up to 72 hours using ITP and CP methods, though the Tasso microsampling device showed lower sensitivity than Mitra and Capitainer. Additionally, isotope ratio mass spectrometry successfully detected testosterone micro-dosing in all analysed samples, supported by serum testosterone levels.
Detection of a Single Microdose of Testosterone and Recombinant EPO in Healthy Volunteers — Heiland et al., Drug testing and analysis
- neoteryx-mitra
- doping
- blood
- dbs
- dried
- steroids
- capillary
- hormones
- urine
- validation
2025
This meta-analysis found strong agreement between self-collected capillary blood and venous samples for laboratory results. Capillary sampling was associated with significantly lower pain scores than venipuncture, particularly when using upper arm devices rather than fingerprick methods.
Comparison of laboratory results and pain perception in self-sampled capillary blood versus venous blood sampling: a systematic review and meta-analysis — Schröder et al., Clinical biochemistry (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
2025
Microsampling, particularly VAMS and quantitative DBS, can enable patient-centric therapeutic drug monitoring of immunosuppressants after transplantation, allowing home self-sampling and long-term monitoring when patients live far from transplant centres. These volumetric dried formats have largely overcome the haematocrit effect and sample heterogeneity that limit conventional dried blood spots.
Microsampling techniques and patient-centric therapeutic drug monitoring of immunosuppressants — Kocur & Pawiński, Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- vams
- venous-agreement
- blood
- qdbs
- tdm
- self-collection
- haematocrit
- dried
- capillary
- immunosuppressants
2025
This study of acutely ill older adults found that in-home point-of-care testing provided clinically reliable results, with strong correlations observed between on-site analysis and routine laboratory testing. While venous samples showed lower misclassification rates, capillary blood offered a pragmatic alternative for decentralised diagnostics despite higher variation.
Validation of point-of-care tests used at in-home assessments among older adults in primary care — Smedemark et al., Scandinavian journal of primary health care
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
2025
This study found that self-collected capillary blood using the Topper system provided reliable results for most clinical chemistry analytes compared to venous sampling, with 94% of participants successfully obtaining a sample. While glucose and uncorrected AST failed to meet bias criteria, analytes such as lipids and enzymes demonstrated optimal agreement, supporting the use of this decentralised microsampling method for home testing.
Validation of (self-collected) capillary blood using a topper collection system as alternative for venous sampling for 15 common clinical chemistry analytes — Geujar et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
2025
Capillary blood self-collected with the VAMS device showed 100 per cent agreement with serum for detecting SARS-CoV-2 S RBD antibodies in participants with known past infection, and saliva showed slightly lower but high agreement; agreement was good to almost perfect in those without known antibodies, and most participants found finger prick easy while half found the microsampler easy, supporting decentralised serosurveillance.
Performance and feasibility of self-microsampling of capillary blood and saliva for serological testing of SARS-CoV-2 — Morales et al., PloS one
- vams
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- blood
- self-collection
- serology
- capillary
- saliva
2025
Self-collected capillary samples showed good agreement with venous samples for most safety monitoring parameters in patients with rheumatic disease, although platelet counts were less reliable and haemolysis affected some biochemistry results. Patients found the self-sampling process easy and virtually painless, suggesting it is a feasible option for decentralised monitoring.
Self-sampling of capillary blood for safety monitoring of DMARD therapy in patients with rheumatic disease: a feasibility and method-comparison study — Adelhelm et al., Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- liquid
2025
This study found that dried blood microsamples, particularly those collected with the Mitra device, provided metabolic profiles comparable or superior to conventional plasma, supporting their use as a viable alternative for untargeted metabolomics.
Toward minimally invasive metabolomics: GC-MS metabolic fingerprints of dried blood microsamples in comparison to plasma — Marques de Sá E Silva et al., The Analyst (paywalled)
- vams
- venous-agreement
- neoteryx-mitra
- blood
- dbs
- metabolome
- dried
- capillary
- validation
2025
The True Dose kit achieved a high System Usability Scale score of 82.7 and enabled 92% of participants to collect the required capillary blood volume, with a median sampling time of 10.42 minutes, indicating good usability but highlighting the need for clearer instructions and stress management to support reliable decentralised sampling.
Capillary Blood Self-Sampling for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: A Mixed-Methods Usability Study of the True Dose<sup>®</sup> Kit — Crafoord et al., BioMed research international
- blood
- capillary
- self-collection
- acceptability
- tdm
2025
This study describes the iterative development of a novel capillary self-sampling device, demonstrating that the fourth prototype enabled 77.5% of users to successfully collect at least 500 µL of blood with high usability and acceptability scores.
The development of a novel device to aid in capillary macro blood self-sampling via an iterative study design — Herrijgers et al., Expert review of medical devices (paywalled)
- blood
- capillary
- self-collection
- acceptability
2025
Capillary dried blood spot concentrations of levetiracetam agreed closely with plasma, with 92.1% within 20% of the mean and no proportional bias, and capillary matched venous dried blood spot with acceptable deviations; samples remained stable during postal transit, enabling at‑home self‑sampling for therapeutic drug monitoring.
Therapeutic drug monitoring of levetiracetam - Is dried blood spot sampling suitable? — Linder et al., Clinical biochemistry (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- self-collection
- dried
- capillary
- validation
2025
BD's MiniDraw capillary system, in the hands of trained staff without phlebotomy experience, was clinically equivalent to conventional capillary and venous collection for a panel of general chemistry analytes, alanine aminotransferase and chloride against the venous comparator excepted, and its serum separator tube held the analytes for 48 hours. It shows an upper-arm system reaching pharmacy-style settings with laboratory-grade results.
Evaluation of a Novel Capillary Blood Collection System for Blood Sampling in Nontraditional Settings as Compared with Currently Marketed Capillary and Venous Blood Collection Systems for Selected General Chemistry Analytes — Parikh et al., The journal of applied laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- venous-agreement
- validation
2025
A 2025 review maps 28 microsampling devices, from dried spots and volumetric absorptive tips to upper-arm liquid capillary collectors, and names what a laboratory must control before their results are used: the haematocrit effect in non-volumetric dried samples, interstitial fluid from finger milking, volume, haemolysis and transport stability. Regulators on both sides of the Atlantic ask for the same two things, a device the patient can use safely and a sample fit for the test.
Patient centric blood sampling and analysis for diagnostics and laboratory medicine — Spooner et al., Bioanalysis
- blood
- standards
- self-collection
- haematocrit
- dried
- capillary
- liquid
- validation
2025
In 46 women under hormone monitoring at Columbia University Fertility Center, oestradiol, LH, FSH, progesterone and hCG measured on routine immunoassays from 400 to 600 microlitres of upper-arm capillary blood collected with TAP Micro Select agreed closely with paired venous results for every analyte, with correlation and concordance high throughout. It is the evidence that puts a self-collected sample inside the daily monitoring of an IVF cycle.
Painless, needle-free capillary blood collection for fertility hormone monitoring — Lattin et al., Fertility and sterility (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- yourbio
- fertility
- hormones
- venous-agreement
- validation
2025
Circulating collagen X degradation product (CXM) remains stable in healthy adults regardless of age or sex. In patients with tibial or femoral shaft fractures, serum CXM correlates with established bone turnover markers, and finger prick collection makes it feasible for remote quantitative monitoring of fracture healing without repeated clinic visits.
Efficacy of biomarkers in the endochondral phase of fracture repair and healing in long bones: A clinical observational studys — Working et al., PLoS medicine
- blood
- capillary
- biomarkers
2025
In 40 participants, dried blood spots showed excellent agreement with venous blood for HBA1c measurement (LCCC 0.982, PCC 0.990, limits of agreement -0.45 to 0.48). The method demonstrated high repeatability (CV 1.13) and clinical conformity (K 0.80), suggesting capillary DBS sampling could replace venipuncture for diabetes monitoring in decentralised settings.
Preliminary comparative study of HBA1c measurement by IEX-HPLC Bio-Rad in dried blood spot vs. whole venous blood — Hadami et al., Annales de biologie clinique (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
2025
In a Phase 1 crossover study of etrasimod, self-collected blood microsamples yielded pharmacokinetic exposures comparable to conventional venous sampling, both with and without participant practice sessions. Continuous wearable sensors concurrently enabled real-time remote monitoring of safety vital signs and electrocardiograms, demonstrating the viability of hybrid decentralised designs in early-phase clinical trials.
Advancing Early Clinical Trials: The Transformative Potential of Decentralized Designs and Digital Technologies in Phase 1 Clinical Trial — Malhotra et al., Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
- blood
- capillary
- self-collection
- venous-agreement
- dct
- wearable
- rpm
- digital-biomarker
- multimodal
2025
The First to Know Syphilis Self-Test, using self-collected fingerstick capillary blood, demonstrated 93.4% sensitivity and 99.5% specificity against a composite reference standard in a 1,270-subject study. This over-the-counter test enables patient-centric screening at home, which could improve early detection and reduce transmission of syphilis and associated STIs.
Clinical development and performance of the First to Know Syphilis Self-Test for over-the-counter usage: a <i>de novo</i> rapid test for treponemal antibody — Clark et al., Journal of clinical microbiology
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- serology
- sti
2025
In 41 Black adults with heart failure, elevated xanthine oxidase activity from capillary blood collected with Mitra microsampling associated significantly with dyspnoea severity. This demonstrates that microsampling can capture clinically relevant inflammatory biomarkers linked to symptom burden in underserved populations, supporting its use in decentralised cardiovascular monitoring.
Inflammation markers associated with symptoms and neighborhood deprivation in black adults with heart failure — Butts et al., Heart & lung : the journal of critical care (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- biomarkers
2025
Targeted proteomic evaluation of a novel finger-prick dried plasma device demonstrated strong quantitative correlation with conventional plasma (R = 0.99) and precision under 10% CV for 80% of quantified peptides across healthy donors. Quantified targets also remained stable during room temperature storage for up to 232 days, supporting its use for decentralised biomarker monitoring.
Quantitative Assessment of a Novel Device Designed for Patient-centric Sampling of Dried Plasma Using Targeted Proteomics — Hober et al., Analytical chemistry
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- dct
- biomarkers
2025
Comfort Draw collected adequate capillary blood from the upper arm in 85.5 per cent of attempts for total blood volume and 95.1 per cent for serum volume, with 17 of 19 serum analytes meeting CLIA acceptance criteria against matched venous samples. The procedure scored a mean pain rating of 0.39 out of 10, indicating high patient acceptability, and the device’s simpler design may lower cost for decentralised diagnostics.
Evaluation of a Simplified Upper Arm Device for Vacuum-Assisted Collection of Capillary Blood Specimens — Schaff et al., Diagnostics
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
2025
A fully validated LC-MS method quantifies four direct oral anticoagulants and phenprocoumon from 10 µL capillary blood collected with Neoteryx Mitra VAMS devices. Samples remained stable for seven days at room temperature, showed no significant haematocrit effect, and offers a reliable approach for ambulatory therapeutic drug monitoring.
Development and validation of a quantification method for direct oral anticoagulants from capillary blood using volumetric absorptive microsampling and online SPE-LC-MS — Opitz et al., Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
- haematocrit
2025
Among 404 Australians at risk of hepatitis C, 91% of those with prior infection selected point-of-care RNA testing, citing rapid results, while 72% of those without prior infection preferred staff-assisted antibody testing. Offering rapid, staff-assisted testing improves uptake among people who inject drugs, those experiencing homelessness and those receiving opioid agonist therapy.
Patient preferences for simplified hepatitis C testing modalities among people at risk of hepatitis C infection in Australia: the SELECT study — Stevens et al., The International journal on drug policy (paywalled)
- blood
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
- serology
2025
Among 133 users of HIV self-sampling and self-testing in the Netherlands, the commonest reason for choosing this route was saving time, followed by anonymity and avoiding a GP visit. However, 22% encountered problems, with seven in ten of those struggling to obtain enough blood from a finger prick, showing that while self-testing expands reach, blood collection remains a key usability hurdle for decentralised HIV screening.
Self-sampling and self-testing for HIV at a commercial and community-based test provider in the Netherlands: user preferences and usability — Willemstein et al., BMC health services research
- blood
- capillary
- self-collection
- acceptability
- serology
- sti
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