The Library
1664 papers on microsampling and monitoring, each with a finding paraphrased to our standard and labelled in one vocabulary. Every entry links to a legitimate copy; nothing is copied from an abstract.
Papers 1401–1500 of 1664, newest first.
2018
Real-time PCR on first-void urine from 350 pregnant women found an overall Chlamydia trachomatis prevalence of 2%, rising to 13.3% in those under 25 years, supporting targeted first-trimester screening in younger pregnant women.
[Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in pregnant women during the first trimester in a private institution in Córdoba.] — Zucotti et al., Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Medicas (paywalled)
- urine
- first-void
- sti
2018
Among 116 persons who inject drugs, site-specific specimen collection preferences aligned closely with reported sexual risk behaviours. The study found high awareness of STI transmission, yet outreach through syringe exchange programmes paired with education on site-specific screening could improve case finding in this population.
Examining unmet needs: a cross-sectional study exploring knowledge, attitudes and sexually transmitted infection screening preferences among persons who inject drugs in Camden, New Jersey — Roth et al., Sexually transmitted infections (paywalled)
- acceptability
- sti
- self-collection
- urine
2018
Acetylsalicylic acid concentrations in VAMS samples decrease without a stabilising reagent, whereas whole blood samples remain stable. For decentralised diagnostics, this means stabilisers must be added to VAMS devices before analysis to ensure accurate therapeutic drug monitoring from patient-collected samples.
Quantitative analysis of acetylsalicylic acid in human blood using volumetric absorptive microsampling — Kim et al., Translational and clinical pharmacology
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
2018
Daily oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis demonstrated high acceptability and adherence among high-risk gay and bisexual men when monitored by dried blood spot analysis, with no HIV seroconversions over one year but frequent sexually transmitted infections. The study shows dried blood spot testing can support adherence monitoring in decentralised prevention programmes, though renal function requires surveillance.
Acceptability and tolerability of and adherence to HIV preexposure prophylaxis among Toronto gay and bisexual men: a pilot study — Tan et al., CMAJ open (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- acceptability
- tdm
- sti
2018
The study found substantial agreement between serum tobramycin and vancomycin concentrations collected from existing peripheral or central venous catheters and those obtained by venipuncture or fingerstick in pediatric patients. This suggests that using a strict flush and waste protocol allows for therapeutic drug monitoring without additional painful needle sticks, thereby improving patient satisfaction.
Therapeutic antibiotic serum concentrations by two blood collection methods within the pediatric patient: A comparative effectiveness trial — Lichliter et al., Journal for specialists in pediatric nursing : JSPN (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- tdm
- antimicrobials
2018
Self-collected saliva cortisol and cortisone showed good correlation with free, non-protein-bound serum concentrations across a pregnancy cycle, supporting saliva as a decentralised surrogate for monitoring free glucocorticosteroid levels. Plasma protein binding of cortisone decreased from 86.3 per cent to 80.7 per cent during pregnancy while cortisol binding remained stable at approximately 96 per cent.
The plasma protein binding of the endogenous glucocorticosteroids is of vital importance for the concentrations in hair and saliva — Krumbholz et al., Forensic science international (paywalled)
- cortisol
- self-collection
- fertility
- hormones
- saliva
2018
Afternoon salivary cortisol concentrations were significantly higher when collected in the laboratory than when self-collected at home, indicating that collection setting materially influences results. No significant differences were found across menstrual cycle phases or by relationship status, suggesting these factors do not confound basal cortisol measurements in healthy women.
Salivary Afternoon Cortisol and Relationship Status in Healthy Women with Regular Menstrual Cycles — Wilson et al., Women's reproductive health (paywalled)
- saliva
- self-collection
- fertility
- hormones
- cortisol
2018
Saliva collected with the Oragene RNA kit contained highly variable amounts of RNA that were predominantly bacterial, with minimal human mRNA present. This limits the immediate utility of salivary transcriptome for disease susceptibility testing in decentralised diagnostics and highlights the need for improved human RNA extraction methods.
Feasibility of the salivary transcriptome as a novel biomarker in determining disease susceptibility — Hidayat et al., Journal of periodontal research (paywalled)
- dna-genotek-oragene
- liquid
- saliva
- biomarkers
2018
Mycoplasma genitalium prevalence was 1.8% among backpackers, with 40% macrolide resistance, supporting PCR for diagnosis and resistance testing.
Mycoplasma genitalium in the Far North Queensland backpacker population: An observational study of prevalence and azithromycin resistance — Trevis et al., PloS one
- urine
- first-void
- sti
2018
Urine self-sampling detected high-risk HPV with 51% sensitivity and 96% specificity compared to clinician-collected cervical samples, showing moderate overall agreement but substantial agreement in women aged 40 and older. This indicates urine testing could serve as a viable screening tool in low-resource settings where clinical collection is challenging, particularly for older women.
Randomized controlled trial evaluating the utility of urine HPV DNA for cervical cancer screening in a Pacific Island population — Hernandez et al., Journal of global health reports (paywalled)
- urine
- self-collection
- validation
- hpv
- sti
2018
Urine self-collection detected CIN2/3 with 90.2% sensitivity compared with 93.4% for cervical samples, showing moderate concordance (kappa 0.42) and similar HPV16 detection rates. This validates urine-based HPV screening as a less invasive, patient-centric approach that could expand cervical cancer screening coverage in decentralised healthcare settings.
Detection and genotyping of human papillomavirus virus (HPV): a comparative analysis of clinical performance in cervical and urine samples in Chilean women — Buchegger et al., International journal of clinical and experimental pathology (paywalled)
- urine
- self-collection
- genotyping
- hpv
- sti
2018
Glycated haemoglobin measurement from home-collected dried blood spots correlated strongly with venous sampling (r=0.93) and, after bias correction, achieved a concordance correlation of 0.9 with 100% positive predictive value for levels above 7%. With 88.5% of patients preferring home collection, the method offers a viable patient-centric alternative to laboratory venepuncture for decentralised diabetes monitoring.
Comparison of Glycated Hemoglobin Results Based on At-Home and In-Lab Dried Blood Spot Sampling to Routine Venous Blood Sampling In-Lab in Adult Patients With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes — Elliott et al., Canadian journal of diabetes (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
2018
Monthly rotating shift type significantly altered the cortisol awakening response (CARi) in female nurses who self-collected saliva at home. This demonstrates that patient-centric microsampling can capture stress-hormone changes related to occupational schedules, supporting decentralised monitoring of worker health.
Influence of shift type on sleep quality of female nurses working monthly rotating shifts with cortisol awakening response as mediating variable — Chang, Chronobiology international (paywalled)
- saliva
- self-collection
- hormones
- cortisol
2018
The authors validated a dried blood spot assay for benznidazole that showed strong agreement with plasma concentrations (r²=0.8295) and proved stable at room temperature for more than one year. This microsampling approach enables therapeutic drug monitoring for Chagas disease in decentralised trials and remote settings, including paediatric populations.
Dried Blood Spot Technique-Based Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method as a Simple Alternative for Benznidazole Pharmacokinetic Assessment — Galindo Bedor et al., Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
- venous-agreement
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- haematocrit
- dried
- antimicrobials
- pediatric
- validation
2018
First-void urine is suitable for detecting Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium by PCR in first-trimester pregnancy, but it is not suitable for HPV detection, for which vaginal or cervical specimens are preferred.
Detection of urinary Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium and human papilloma virus in the first trimester of pregnancy by PCR method — Rahimkhani et al., Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials
- urine
- first-void
- serology
- hpv
- sti
2018
Among 250 infertile Iranian men, self-collected first-void urine enabled decentralised detection of Chlamydia trachomatis, yet infection status showed no correlation with sperm chromatin condensation or DNA fragmentation. The study validates first-void urine for remote STI screening in fertility assessment, while indicating sperm quality markers are independent of Chlamydia infection.
Effects of Chlamydia trachomatis infection on sperm chromatin condensation and DNA integrity — Dehghan Marvast et al., Andrologia (paywalled)
- urine
- first-void
- fertility
- serology
- sti
2018
Volumetric absorptive microsampling provided acceptable analytical accuracy and precision for atenolol, lisinopril, simvastatin and capillary blood samples without being influenced by haematocrit levels. The VAMS approach demonstrated strong agreement with standard dried blood spot cards in identifying medication adherence among volunteers.
Volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) coupled with high-resolution, accurate-mass (HRAM) mass spectrometry as a simplified alternative to dried blood spot (DBS) analysis for therapeutic drug monitoring of cardiovascular drugs — Tanna et al., Clinical mass spectrometry (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- dbs
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
- haematocrit
2018
The optimised Abbott DBS protocol for HIV RNA testing performed well in a Vietnamese routine clinical setting, meeting WHO performance criteria for viral load monitoring. This supports scaling up decentralised HIV care, though sensitivity at the 1000 copies/mL threshold remains a challenge to avoid keeping patients on failing antiretroviral therapy.
First field evaluation of the optimized CE marked Abbott protocol for HIV RNA testing on dried blood spot in a routine clinical setting in Vietnam — Taieb et al., PloS one
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2018
Self-collected urine from men and vaginal swabs from women detected Chlamydia trachomatis in 8.8% of affluent Chilean youth under 25 years. Having some college education was protective, while a higher number of sexual partners and postcoital bleeding in women were risk factors, showing that decentralised STI screening via self-sampling produces valid epidemiological and clinical insights.
Prevalence of Chlamydia Trachomatis, Neisseria Gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas Vaginalis Infection in Chilean Adolescents and Young Adults — Huneeus et al., Journal of pediatric and adolescent gynecology (paywalled)
- urine
- self-collection
- sti
2018
Xpert MTB/RIF assay on early morning first void urine had moderate sensitivity and high specificity for urinary tuberculosis versus a composite standard and was superior to LED fluorescent smear microscopy as the initial test, supporting its use as a decentralised diagnostic.
Efficacy and role of Xpert<sup>®</sup> <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>/rifampicin assay in urinary tuberculosis — Samuel et al., Indian journal of urology : IJU : journal of the Urological Society of India
- urine
- first-void
- serology
2018
Volumetric absorptive microsampling provided accurate and precise measurement of key urinary metabolites in alkaptonuria with good recovery and reproducibility, and dried samples compared favourably with liquid specimens, although variable analyte stability may present barriers to routine implementation.
Evaluation of the Mitra microsampling device for use with key urinary metabolites in patients with Alkaptonuria — Taylor et al., Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- metabolome
- dried
- urine
- validation
2018
Self-collected urine and vaginal swabs were feasible for HPV detection with high agreement between matrices, offering a decentralised alternative for women hesitant to attend cervical screening.
A prospective pilot evaluation of vaginal and urine self-sampling for the Roche cobas 4800 HPV test for cervical cancer screening — Hwang et al., Scientific reports
- urine
- self-collection
- hpv
- sti
2018
Home-collected saliva showed that six days of escitalopram steepened diurnal cortisol slopes in healthy women by raising waking cortisol, suggesting SSRIs may correct flattened cortisol rhythms in depression. No effects were seen on cortisol awakening response or total daily output, demonstrating that self-sampling can capture drug-induced endocrine changes.
The effects of six-day SSRI administration on diurnal cortisol secretion in healthy volunteers — Ronaldson et al., Psychopharmacology
- saliva
- self-collection
- hormones
- cortisol
2018
Capillary C-peptide concentrations measured from dried blood spot and volumetric absorptive microsampling showed strong agreement with reference plasma samples. Both sampling methods maintained stability over 48 hours at room temperature, supporting their utility for remote monitoring of endogenous insulin secretion.
Microsampling Collection Methods for Measurement of C-peptide in Whole Blood — Jones et al., Journal of diabetes science and technology (paywalled)
- vams
- venous-agreement
- neoteryx-mitra
- blood
- dbs
- dried
- capillary
- validation
- biomarkers
2018
In 36 participants undergoing a meal challenge, non-invasive optical glucose prediction achieved a mean absolute relative difference of 14.4% compared with YSI reference values, with 100% of readings in consensus error grid zones A and B. Capillary measurements using the device's invasive component showed 9.2% MARD, demonstrating the feasibility of calibrated optical monitoring for non-invasive glucose tracking.
Evaluation of a New Noninvasive Glucose Monitoring Device by Means of Standardized Meal Experiments — Pfützner et al., Journal of diabetes science and technology (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- cgm
- multimodal
2018
A derivatisation method using 3-nitrophenylhydrazine enabled precise quantitation of 24 carnitines in dried blood spots with intra-day CVs ≤7.8% and inter-day CVs ≤8.8%, and recoveries of 86.9%-109.7%. While all carnitines remained stable after four hours of sunlight, temperature cycling caused concentration changes in several species, which matters for quality control in remote screening programmes for fatty acid oxidation defects.
Isotope-labeling derivatization with 3-nitrophenylhydrazine for LC/multiple-reaction monitoring-mass-spectrometry-based quantitation of carnitines in dried blood spots — Han et al., Analytica chimica acta (paywalled)
- blood
- dbs
- metabolome
- dried
- validation
- biomarkers
2018
VAMS recovery relative to DMPK-C depended on the protein, being lower for β-lactoglobulin and myoglobin but higher for cytochrome c and albumin, and haematocrit affected protein quantification from both materials. VAMS showed strong correlation (R² ≥ 0.983), accuracy of 71 to 101 per cent and precision with RSD at or below 20 per cent for six model proteins spiked into blood, supporting its use for decentralised protein analysis with awareness of haematocrit effects.
Volumetric absorptive MicroSampling vs. other blood sampling materials in LC-MS-based protein analysis - preliminary investigations — Andersen et al., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- blood
- haematocrit
- dried
- validation
- biomarkers
2018
Singaporean women aged 40-69 showed significant preferences for sample type, pretest discussion provider, and out-of-pocket cost when considering SNP gene testing for breast cancer screening. Tailoring genetic testing to patient preferences may improve uptake, highlighting that acceptability of self-collected buccal swab and dried blood spot samples is crucial for decentralised screening programmes.
Women's preferences, willingness-to-pay, and predicted uptake for single-nucleotide polymorphism gene testing to guide personalized breast cancer screening strategies: a discrete choice experiment — Wong et al., Patient preference and adherence
- acceptability
- blood
- economics
- dbs
- self-collection
- dried
- saliva
- genotyping
2018
Web-delivered multimedia training for self-collection of dried blood spots was acceptable to 98% of participants and produced usable samples in 96% of attempts, indicating that remote instruction can enable reliable patient-centric microsampling, though response rates to recruitment need improvement.
Web-Delivered Multimedia Training Materials for the Self-Collection of Dried Blood Spots: A Formative Project — Allen et al., JMIR formative research
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
2018
Among 9207 women in Shenzhen, chlamydia prevalence was 4.12% and gonorrhoea 0.17% by NAAT on self collected urine; risk factors included ethnic minority status, non condom contraception, adverse pregnancy history and recent reproductive tract symptoms, indicating need for targeted decentralised screening and treatment programmes.
Population-based study of chlamydial and gonococcal infections among women in Shenzhen, China: Implications for programme planning — Luo et al., PloS one
- urine
- self-collection
- sti
2018
Dried blood spot sampling showed good agreement with whole blood for measuring everolimus in cancer patients, with ninety percent of samples demonstrating acceptable prediction error and low bias. This enables home-based therapeutic drug monitoring, allowing clinicians to individualise dosing without requiring patient visits.
Clinical validation study of dried blood spot for determining everolimus concentration in patients with cancer — Willemsen et al., European journal of clinical pharmacology
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- oncology
2018
A volumetric absorptive microsampling method for quantifying GSKA in human blood was developed and validated. Haematocrit related assay bias was minimised across a 30 to 60 per cent range and all validation parameters met acceptance criteria, indicating the method is suitable for quantitative analysis in decentralised settings.
Drug monitoring by volumetric absorptive microsampling: method development considerations to mitigate hematocrit effects — Fang et al., Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- validation
- tdm
- haematocrit
2018
The OMNIgene•GUT kit proved reliable for stool microsampling and ambient storage, with samples stored at room temperature for seven days showing comparable bacterial DNA quantity and diversity to fresh samples; transient phylum-level differences were seen at 24 hours but not at seven days. This supports decentralised, patient-centric microbiome research by enabling home self-collection and postal transport, while emphasising that DNA extraction method has greater impact on microbiome profiles than storage conditions.
Reliability of a participant-friendly fecal collection method for microbiome analyses: a step towards large sample size investigation — Szopinska et al., BMC microbiology
- stool
- stabilised
- dna-genotek-omnigene
- self-collection
- validation
- microbiome
2018
Vaginal swabs achieved 86% sensitivity for five STIs (Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium, Trichomonas vaginalis and human papillomavirus), substantially exceeding the 63% sensitivity of first-void urine in a prospective cohort of female sex workers. This validation supports adopting self-collected vaginal swabs as the consensus sample type for decentralised STI screening programmes.
Identifying a consensus sample type to test for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium, Trichomonas vaginalis and human papillomavirus — Coorevits et al., Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (paywalled)
- urine
- first-void
- validation
- hpv
- sti
2018
Home self-collection of saliva at 32 weeks gestation demonstrated sex-specific associations between maternal cortisol and infant birth weight, with a significant positive association in males. This shows that decentralised sampling can capture clinically relevant hormone data for prenatal research without clinic visits.
Associations between maternal prenatal cortisol and fetal growth are specific to infant sex: findings from the Wirral Child Health and Development Study — Braithwaite et al., Journal of developmental origins of health and disease (paywalled)
- saliva
- self-collection
- hormones
- cortisol
2018
The authors developed an inexpensive smartphone-based device that uses artificial intelligence to detect fern patterns in self-collected saliva samples, achieving over 99% accuracy in predicting ovulation. This approach offers a low-cost, patient-friendly alternative to urine hormone tests and basal body temperature monitoring for natural family planning.
An inexpensive smartphone-based device for point-of-care ovulation testing — Potluri et al., Lab on a chip (paywalled)
- saliva
- self-collection
- fertility
2018
Most men who have sex with men could self-administer HIV rapid tests and correctly interpret results, but 27% of dried blood spot cards were of poor quality and interpretation was difficult when control lines were absent, suggesting instructions need refinement before decentralised deployment.
Pilot Evaluation of the Ability of Men Who Have Sex with Men to Self-Administer Rapid HIV Tests, Prepare Dried Blood Spot Cards, and Interpret Test Results, Atlanta, Georgia, 2013 — MacGowan et al., AIDS and behavior (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
- serology
- sti
2018
Remote hepatitis C self-testing and self-sampling are broadly acceptable among people who use drugs, with rapid saliva testing preferred over delayed blood sample results. However, successful uptake requires clear integration into supportive care pathways to help individuals manage positive diagnoses.
A qualitative assessment of the acceptability of hepatitis C remote self-testing and self-sampling amongst people who use drugs in London, UK — Guise et al., BMC infectious diseases
- blood
- saliva
- self-collection
- acceptability
- serology
2018
Self-collection of urine and vaginal swabs for chlamydia and gonorrhoea testing increased screening uptake by 28.5% in male and 13.7% in female university students. Female students tested positive at a markedly higher rate via self-collection (12.4%) than via clinician collection (4.8%), indicating that decentralised self-testing reaches higher-risk individuals and improves case detection.
Creating Innovative Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing Options for University Students: The Impact of an STI Self-testing Program — Habel et al., Sexually transmitted diseases (paywalled)
- urine
- self-collection
- acceptability
- sti
2018
Field-based dried blood spot qPCR detected more than twice as many malaria infections as rapid diagnostic tests in a reactive test-and-treat programme, with 62 per cent of PCR-positive cases missed by RDT. The findings suggest that focusing treatment on index case households using more sensitive molecular diagnostics would improve efficiency for malaria elimination efforts.
Efficiency of a Malaria Reactive Test-and-Treat Program in Southern Zambia: A Prospective, Observational Study — Deutsch-Feldman et al., The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- serology
2018
A dried blood spot LC-MS/MS method was validated for therapeutic monitoring of carbamazepine, lamotrigine, levetiracetam and valproic acid. Concentrations from dried blood spots correlated strongly with plasma (R² 0.92) across venous and capillary samples, enabling home self-collection and reducing clinic visits for children with epilepsy.
Carbamazepine, lamotrigine, levetiracetam and valproic acid in dried blood spots with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry; method development and validation — Linder et al., Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- tdm
2018
Self-collected dried blood spots returned by post achieved an 82.4% return rate and identified a 3.04% HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men in Tokyo, with 70.6% of provisional positives later confirmed at hospital, demonstrating strong demand for postal self-sampling screening in populations that conventional services struggle to reach.
Assessment of HIV prevalence among MSM in Tokyo using self-collected dried blood spots delivered through the postal service — Takano et al., BMC infectious diseases
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- serology
- sti
2018
The immunosensor accurately measured salivary cortisol across the physiological range with good reproducibility and recovery, and showed strong agreement with UHPLC-MS/MS, enabling reliable patient self-collection for stress hormone monitoring.
Disposable electrochemical immunosensor for cortisol determination in human saliva — Kämäräinen et al., Talanta (paywalled)
- cortisol
- self-collection
- hormones
- liquid
- validation
- saliva
2018
Among 554 HIV-positive men who have sex with men, 60.8 per cent successfully collected an adequate dried blood spot specimen at home for HIV-1 RNA quantification. The study revealed that 52.5 per cent had a detectable viral load, and most of these men had previously self-reported an undetectable result, demonstrating that decentralised sampling can identify gaps in treatment adherence and viral suppression.
Quantification of HIV-1 RNA Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Using an At-Home Self-Collected Dried Blood Spot Specimen: Feasibility Study — Hirshfield et al., JMIR public health and surveillance
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
- serology
2018
Volumetric absorptive microsampling collects small and precise blood volumes regardless of haematocrit, though compound recovery during analysis may still be influenced by it. The review highlights its growing use in pharmacokinetic and therapeutic drug monitoring, supporting decentralised blood collection.
Volumetric absorptive microsampling: Current advances and applications — Kok & Fillet, Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
- haematocrit
2018
The Mitra® microsampler demonstrated good recovery of seven therapeutic monoclonal antibodies from capillary blood after storage at room temperature for one month, with marginally better performance than conventional dried blood spot cards. This validates a practical protocol for decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring of biologic therapies.
Capillary blood microsampling to determine serum biopharmaceutical concentration: Mitra<sup>®</sup> microsampler vs dried blood spot — Bloem et al., Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
- biologics
2018
Home-based self-collection of urine and vaginal swabs proved acceptable to young South Africans, with most finding it easy and not embarrassing. The study detected high rates of asymptomatic sexually transmitted infections that would be missed by routine care, supporting decentralised surveillance and screening programmes in low- and middle-income settings.
Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among young people in South Africa: A nested survey in a health and demographic surveillance site — Francis et al., PLoS medicine
- blood
- urine
- self-collection
- acceptability
- serology
- sti
2018
Vaginal self-sampling for HPV mRNA detected high-grade cervical lesions with 85.5% sensitivity, comparable to routine cytology at 81.7% but below the 100% sensitivity of clinician-taken cervical samples, while specificity was similar at around 49%. Urine self-sampling performed poorly with only 44.8% sensitivity. The findings support vaginal self-sampling as a patient-centric option to complement decentralised cervical screening programmes, though urine is unsuitable.
Self-sampling with HPV mRNA analyses from vagina and urine compared with cervical samples — Asciutto et al., Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology (paywalled)
- urine
- self-collection
- validation
- hpv
- sti
2018
Low extraction recovery from VAMS caused apparent haematocrit bias and sample instability for raltegravir, but a modified liquid-liquid extraction method achieving over 80% recovery resolved these effects across a haematocrit range of 20 to 65% and was replicated for sitagliptin. This shows that extraction recovery must be optimised and verified as haematocrit-independent before VAMS is implemented in regulated bioanalysis.
Extractability-mediated stability bias and hematocrit impact: High extraction recovery is critical to feasibility of volumetric adsorptive microsampling (VAMS) in regulated bioanalysis — Xie et al., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
- haematocrit
2018
Among men who have sex with men attending a sexual health centre in western Sydney, Mycoplasma genitalium infection prevalence was 13.4% with 79.4% of strains showing macrolide resistance mutations. Anorectal infection was most common and most infections were asymptomatic, supporting routine resistance-guided therapy.
<i>Mycoplasma genitalium</i>: high prevalence of resistance to macrolides and frequent anorectal infection in men who have sex with men in western Sydney — Couldwell et al., Sexually transmitted infections (paywalled)
- urine
- first-void
- sti
2018
A multicentre evaluation of the Cepheid Xpert TV assay in 1,867 women and 4,791 men found sensitivities of 99.5 to 100% and specificities of 99.4 to 99.9% across female urine, self-collected vaginal swabs and endocervical swabs, with male urine showing 97.2% sensitivity and 99.9% specificity. The assay's strong performance with self-collected specimens and rapid on-demand results supports expanded screening for trichomoniasis in both sexes.
Clinical Evaluation of the Cepheid Xpert TV Assay for Detection of Trichomonas vaginalis with Prospectively Collected Specimens from Men and Women — Schwebke et al., Journal of clinical microbiology
- urine
- self-collection
- validation
- sti
2018
First-void urine from men with idiopathic urethritis and from controls contains a highly diverse bacterial microbiota with no consistent clustering by case status, although some idiopathic urethritis samples are dominated by single genera previously linked to urethritis such as Gardnerella, Haemophilus or Ureaplasma. The findings suggest that microbiome profiling of self-collected urine may inform aetiological investigation in idiopathic urethritis but requires larger cohorts to define diagnostic utility.
The bacterial microbiota in first-void urine from men with and without idiopathic urethritis — Frølund et al., PloS one
- urine
- first-void
- microbiome
- sti
2018
A DBS assay for apixaban, dabigatran, edoxaban and rivaroxaban met validation criteria across a haematocrit range of 0.33-0.65, with linearity from 2.5-750 ng/mL (apixaban and rivaroxaban), 4.4-750 ng/mL (dabigatran) and 9.3-750 ng/mL (edoxaban), low ion suppression, acceptable precision and accuracy, and stability for 52 days at room temperature protected from light and humidity; in 33 patients, capillary DBS results strongly agreed with plasma concentrations, enabling home self-sampling for DOAC monitoring.
Dried-Blood-Spot Technique to Monitor Direct Oral Anticoagulants: Clinical Validation of a UPLC-MS/MS-Based Assay — Foerster et al., Analytical chemistry (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
2018
The trial found that universal test and treat delivered through home-based dried blood spot HIV testing did not lower population HIV incidence compared with standard care (2.11 versus 2.27 per 100 person-years). This suggests that decentralised screening alone is insufficient to reduce transmission without innovations that improve linkage to care.
Universal test and treat and the HIV epidemic in rural South Africa: a phase 4, open-label, community cluster randomised trial — Iwuji et al., The lancet. HIV (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- dct
- serology
2018
The study validated a method for measuring four anti-epileptic drugs and one metabolite using volumetric absorptive microsampling, showing high precision and accuracy with minimal haematocrit bias. The compounds remained stable in VAMS samples for at least one month at various temperatures, supporting the use of this microsampling technique for therapeutic drug monitoring.
Volumetric absorptive microsampling as an alternative tool for therapeutic drug monitoring of first-generation anti-epileptic drugs — Velghe & Stove, Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
- haematocrit
2018
The authors developed a smartphone-connected cup that uses bioluminescent loop-mediated isothermal amplification to quantitatively detect Zika virus in saliva and urine, and HIV in blood within 45 minutes. The electricity-free heating and integrated smartphone app enable spatiotemporal disease mapping, making it suitable for decentralised diagnostics in resource-limited settings.
Smartphone-Based Mobile Detection Platform for Molecular Diagnostics and Spatiotemporal Disease Mapping — Song et al., Analytical chemistry (paywalled)
- blood
- self-collection
- serology
- liquid
- urine
- saliva
2018
Wrist-worn temperature sensors detected sustained three-day temperature shifts in 82% of 437 menstrual cycles, with the rise occurring on or after ovulation in 86% of cases. Unlike basal body temperature, wrist skin temperature was unaffected by lifestyle factors such as alcohol or sexual activity, indicating potential for reliable, patient-centric fertility tracking.
Modern fertility awareness methods: wrist wearables capture the changes in temperature associated with the menstrual cycle — Shilaih et al., Bioscience reports
- urine
- fertility
- hormones
- wearable
- digital-biomarker
- multimodal
2017
A review of 151 clinical trials found that only 56% met their recruitment targets, with a median retention rate of 89%. Investigators should avoid over-optimistic projections, suggesting a clear role for decentralised, patient-centric sampling to help trials reach their targets.
Recruitment and retention of participants in randomised controlled trials: a review of trials funded and published by the United Kingdom Health Technology Assessment Programme — Walters et al., BMJ Open
- dct
- economics
- acceptability
2017
Finger-prick dried blood spots supported monitoring of both adalimumab and anti-adalimumab antibodies in inflammatory rheumatic disease: biologic TDM without a venous draw.
Dried blood spots from finger prick facilitate therapeutic drug monitoring of adalimumab and anti-adalimumab in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases — Kneepkens et al., British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- biologics
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- self-collection
- dried
- validation
2017
Expressing taxa as cells per gram of stool showed faecal microbial load varies ~10-fold between healthy people and drives apparent compositional differences: relative-abundance data alone can misrepresent quantitative change.
Quantitative microbiome profiling links gut community variation to microbial load — Vandeputte et al., Nature (paywalled)
- stool
- microbiome
- standardised-input
- validation
2017
Testing 58 IBD patients, 50 IBS patients, and 33 controls found that measuring calprotectin and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) in self-collected colorectal mucus distinguishes these groups, P<0.05. This patient-centric, decentralised method successfully monitored disease activity at days 10, 20, and 30, though the authors note EDN performance requires further validation.
Inflammatory bowel disease detection and monitoring by measuring biomarkers in non-invasively collected colorectal mucus — Loktionov et al., Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology (paywalled)
- stool
- self-collection
- colorectal
- biomarkers
2017
VAMS microsampling of capillary blood provided accurate measurement of hydroxychloroquine and metabolites in rheumatoid arthritis patients, with results agreeing with venous blood while overcoming dried blood spot limitations of haematocrit bias and inhomogeneity, and offered potential for home self-collection.
Capillary blood collected on volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) device for monitoring hydroxychloroquine in rheumatoid arthritis patients — Qu et al., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
2017
First-void urine self-collected with the Colli-Pee device detected high-risk HPV with sensitivity for CIN2+ comparable to clinician-taken smears and brush-based self-samples. This supports urine as a viable matrix for decentralised, patient-centric cervical cancer screening.
HPV testing in first-void urine provides sensitivity for CIN2+ detection comparable with a smear taken by a clinician or a brush-based self-sample: cross-sectional data from a triage population — Leeman et al., BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology (paywalled)
- urine
- first-void
- colli-pee
- self-collection
- validation
- hpv
2017
Gammaproteobacteria proliferate in stool samples shipped at room temperature, distorting microbiome profiles. A computational correction method that removes sequences from these blooming taxa enables reliable microbiome analysis from self-collected samples sent without cold chain, producing results comparable to frozen specimens.
Correcting for Microbial Blooms in Fecal Samples during Room-Temperature Shipping — Amir et al., mSystems
- stool
- stabilised
- dna-genotek-omnigene
- self-collection
- validation
- microbiome
2017
This study in children with epilepsy demonstrated strong correlation between dried blood spot and plasma concentrations for carbamazepine, lamotrigine and valproic acid. While lamotrigine concentrations were directly comparable, conversion factors were required for carbamazepine (18% higher bias) and valproic acid (35% lower bias), supporting the feasibility of home sampling for therapeutic drug monitoring and its potential to simplify care and reduce costs.
Comparison between dried blood spot and plasma sampling for therapeutic drug monitoring of antiepileptic drugs in children with epilepsy: A step towards home sampling — Linder et al., Clinical biochemistry (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- validation
- pediatric
- tdm
2017
The review concludes that first-void urine is a feasible source for molecular biomarkers, such as host and viral gene methylation, to triage high-risk HPV infections, offering a non-invasive and preferred method for women that may improve screening adherence.
First-void urine: A potential biomarker source for triage of high-risk human papillomavirus infected women — Van Keer et al., European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology (paywalled)
- urine
- first-void
- self-collection
- validation
- hpv
- biomarkers
- liquid-biopsy
2017
Across five extraction protocols, storage time generally reduced DNA quantity but protocol 1 (Oragene) maintained yield; DNA purity was largely unaffected by storage for commercial protocols but declined for non‑commercial methods; only protocol 1 consistently gave unfragmented DNA and protocols 1–4 yielded amplifiable DNA while protocol 5 rarely did. This supports reliable saliva self‑collection and long‑term storage for genotyping in decentralised settings.
Human DNA extraction from whole saliva that was fresh or stored for 3, 6 or 12 months using five different protocols — Garbieri et al., Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB
- dna-genotek-oragene
- liquid
- validation
- saliva
- genotyping
2017
Clinical validation in twenty-eight children showed that dried blood spot sampling predicted venous tacrolimus concentrations adequately, with ninety-five percent of predicted-to-observed ratios between 0.74 and 1.28 and median prediction error below fifteen percent, whereas mycophenolic acid predictions were more variable, indicating semiquantitative utility. The authors concluded that home-based dried blood spot collection is suitable for tacrolimus therapeutic drug monitoring in paediatric transplant recipients.
Dried Blood Spot Sampling for Tacrolimus and Mycophenolic Acid in Children: Analytical and Clinical Validation — Martial et al., Therapeutic drug monitoring (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
2017
In a community-based cohort of elderly men, remote stool self-collection using the OMNIgene·GUT kit achieved high participation and sample adequacy, with mailed samples yielding high-quality DNA for microbiome profiling; this supports decentralised, patient-centric stool sampling for large-scale research.
Successful collection of stool samples for microbiome analyses from a large community-based population of elderly men — Abrahamson et al., Contemporary clinical trials communications
- stool
- stabilised
- dna-genotek-omnigene
- self-collection
- acceptability
- microbiome
2017
Dried VAMS and DBS samples collected at home and analysed after a median of three days showed poor agreement with standard venous or capillary blood for HbA1c monitoring. In contrast, wet VAMS samples analysed immediately demonstrated excellent agreement, indicating that sample drying and delayed analysis compromise reliability for decentralised HbA1c measurement.
Volumetric absorptive microsampling at home as an alternative tool for the monitoring of HbA1c in diabetes patients — Verougstraete et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- pediatric
2017
Almost all Chilean adolescents and young adults found self-collection easy for STI testing. Most preferred it to clinician-collected samples and said they would test more often if self-collection were available, supporting its use in decentralised screening programmes.
[Adolescents find it easy to collect their own samples to study sexually transmitted infections] — Huneeus et al., Revista chilena de infectologia : organo oficial de la Sociedad Chilena de Infectologia (paywalled)
- urine
- self-collection
- acceptability
- pediatric
- sti
2017
UriSwab provided a practical transport medium for urine-based STI testing, with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae nucleic acids remaining detectable by PCR after up to 16 days' ambient or elevated temperature storage, and Mycoplasma genitalium for up to 10 days. This facilitates patient self-collection and postal return in decentralised sexual health programmes.
UriSwab: an effective transport medium for nucleic acid detection of Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium and Neisseria gonorrhoeae — Costa et al., Sexual health (paywalled)
- stabilised
- sti
- self-collection
- liquid
- urine
- validation
2017
Real-time mCOP-PCR on fresh blood DNA gave identical SMN1 deletion genotypes to PCR-RFLP and reduced turnaround from over 12 hours to four hours, offering a faster first-tier diagnostic method for SMA.
SMA Diagnosis: Detection of SMN1 Deletion with Real-Time mCOP-PCR System Using Fresh Blood DNA — Niba et al., The Kobe journal of medical sciences (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- genotyping
2017
In women aged 25 years and under attending a large Dublin maternity hospital, the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection was 5.6 per cent, with higher rates in younger and socially disadvantaged groups. Screening antenatal patients may help prevent vertical transmission to the neonate.
Screening for asymptomatic urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection at a large Dublin maternity hospital: results of a pilot study — O'Higgins et al., Irish journal of medical science (paywalled)
- urine
- first-void
- sti
2017
The study standardises leukocyte and interleukin-6 measurements in first-void urine, expressed prostatic secretion and post-massage urine from 541 adults and defines ROC-based cut-offs to distinguish inflammatory from non-inflammatory prostate disease, enabling more precise treatment selection in decentralised settings.
Inflammatory reaction found in prostate-specific material - method standardization and proposed optimal cut-off points — Korrovits et al., Andrology (paywalled)
- first-void
- urine
- validation
- biomarkers
2017
Self-collected dry glans swabs detected Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae with 91% sensitivity and 99% specificity, showing 98% agreement with clinician-collected swabs. This patient-centric approach enables decentralised STI screening programmes by facilitating non-invasive specimen collection in non-medical venues.
Self-collected glans/meatal 'dry' swab specimen and NAAT technology detects Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae - implications for public policy changes — Ferrero et al., International journal of STD & AIDS (paywalled)
- sti
- self-collection
- dried
- urine
- validation
2017
Saliva self-collection with Oragene tubes enabled genotyping of COMT polymorphisms in children, revealing that the AA genotype buffers the negative effect of authoritarian parenting on long-term executive dysfunction after early childhood traumatic brain injury. This demonstrates how decentralised genetic sampling can support longitudinal neurodevelopmental studies in paediatric populations.
Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Genotypes and Parenting Influence on Long-Term Executive Functioning After Moderate to Severe Early Childhood Traumatic Brain Injury: An Exploratory Study — Kurowski et al., The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation (paywalled)
- saliva
- dna-genotek-oragene
- pediatric
- genotyping
2017
In an Irish cohort of 1516 participants, the rs2910164 variant in MIR146A was significantly associated with differentiated thyroid cancer (per allele OR = 1.59, P = 0.002) but not breast cancer. DNA extracted from saliva collected using Oragene 575 kits yielded successful genotyping, supporting decentralised screening for cancer predisposition.
Investigating the association of rs2910164 with cancer predisposition in an Irish cohort — McVeigh et al., Endocrine connections
- saliva
- dna-genotek-oragene
- genotyping
2017
PCR testing of first-void urine detected Chlamydia trachomatis in 1.6 per cent of asymptomatic pregnant women, and pooling five specimens per pool reduced the number of tests performed by 70 per cent, offering a cost saving approach for decentralised screening.
Detection of <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> infections by polymerase chain reaction in asymptomatic pregnant women with special reference to the utility of the pooling of urine specimens — Sethi et al., The Indian journal of medical research
- urine
- first-void
- economics
- sti
2017
First-void urine testing showed significantly lower overall HPV DNA prevalence in vaccinated male adolescents at 4.1 per cent compared with 10.1 per cent in unvaccinated adolescents, with HPV-16/18 prevalence reduced to zero in the vaccinated group four years after vaccination. The results support bivalent vaccine protective efficacy in men and demonstrate that decentralised HPV screening using self-collected first-void urine is feasible in an adolescent screening context.
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Prevalence in Male Adolescents 4 Years After HPV-16/18 Vaccination — Lehtinen et al., The Journal of infectious diseases (paywalled)
- urine
- first-void
- pediatric
- hpv
- sti
2017
A laboratory method study showed that a fluoroplastic porous carrier for dried plasma spots quadruples sample capacity to 70-100 µl and, with antioxidant pretreatment, preserves polyunsaturated fatty acids for up to 35-40 days at room temperature or six months frozen. This enhanced stability and capacity could support decentralised collection and mailing of plasma samples for fatty acid and cholesterol analysis.
[The perspective fluoroplastic porous carrier for conservation and transfer of samples of blood plasma: application of "dry drop" technique with the purpose of detection of individual fatty acids.] — Aripovsky et al., Klinicheskaia laboratornaia diagnostika (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- biomarkers
2017
In 250 Iranian infertile couples followed for 24 months, detection of Chlamydia trachomatis DNA in first-void urine, semen or serum antibodies did not predict tubal factor infertility, pregnancy rate or outcome. This indicates that patient-collected first-void urine screening for these organisms may have limited clinical utility in fertility assessment.
Relationship between Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium infection and pregnancy rate and outcome in Iranian infertile couples — Dehghan Marvast et al., Andrologia (paywalled)
- blood
- urine
- first-void
- fertility
- serology
- sti
2017
Maltreating families showed lower initial adherence to home salivary cortisol sampling than nonmaltreating families, but achieved comparable compliance after receiving additional support and resampling opportunities. Electronic monitoring devices enabled tracking of collection protocol adherence, showing that targeted support facilitates reliable self-collection in vulnerable populations for decentralised diagnostics.
Adherence to Diurnal Cortisol Sampling Among Mother-Child Dyads From Maltreating and Nonmaltreating Families — Valentino et al., Child maltreatment (paywalled)
- cortisol
- self-collection
- pediatric
- hormones
- saliva
2017
More than half of Australian opioid injectors reported recent injection of pharmaceutical opioids, and this behaviour was linked to daily injection, sharing of syringes or equipment, overdose and regional residence, indicating a need for targeted harm reduction including naloxone and specialist filters.
High risk injecting behaviour among people who inject pharmaceutical opioids in Australia — Iversen et al., The International journal on drug policy (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- serology
2017
In breast cancer patients, whole blood microsampling by dried matrix on paper discs and volumetric absorptive microsampling detected a similar number of metabolites with comparable reproducibility and group discrimination to the standard protein precipitation method, supporting their use as simpler alternatives in decentralised metabolomics workflows.
Comparative study on microsampling techniques in metabolic fingerprinting studies applying gas chromatography-MS analysis — Cala & Meesters, Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- metabolome
2017
A miniaturised stable isotope dilution assay using volumetric absorptive microsampling quantified whole blood 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid from only 10.8 μL with good precision and reproducibility. The dried samples remained stable for three weeks at -20°C, demonstrating VAMS enables accurate folate status screening with minimal blood volume, which is valuable for population and newborn screening programmes.
Assessing Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling Coupled with Stable Isotope Dilution Assay and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry as Potential Diagnostic Tool for Whole Blood 5-Methyltetrahydrofolic Acid — Kopp & Rychlik, Frontiers in nutrition
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- biomarkers
2017
Self-collection of saliva and hair specimens from ethnically diverse breast cancer survivors proved feasible, with samples remaining stable during shipment and storage. Hair cortisol measured by ELISA showed acceptable variability (16% coefficient of variation), supporting decentralised capture of chronic stress biomarkers in oncology cohorts without clinic visits.
Evaluation of cortisol and telomere length measurements in ethnically diverse women with breast cancer using culturally sensitive methods — Ramirez et al., Journal of community genetics
- cortisol
- self-collection
- oncology
- validation
- saliva
- biomarkers
2017
Self-collected meatal swabs achieved 91% sensitivity and 99% specificity for Chlamydia trachomatis and 100% sensitivity and 99% specificity for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, demonstrating non-inferiority to urine specimens. This supports their use as a patient-centric alternative sample type for decentralised STI diagnostics in men.
Comparison of self-collected meatal swabs with urine specimens for the diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in men — Berry & Stanley, Journal of medical microbiology (paywalled)
- urine
- self-collection
- validation
- sti
2017
In a Yap community-based study, 95 per cent of women reported comfort with self-collected urine HPV testing versus 82 per cent with Pap smears, though 42 per cent preferred a clinician to perform the Pap test. This suggests urine self-collection could improve cervical screening access in underserved low-middle income settings where trained personnel are scarce.
Acceptability and feasibility of a community based participatory research project comparing cytology and urine HPV DNA testing for cervical cancer screening in Yap, Federated States of Micronesia — Sy et al., Cancer epidemiology (paywalled)
- urine
- self-collection
- acceptability
- hpv
- sti
2017
A UHPLC-MS/MS assay for risperidone, aripiprazole, pipamperone and their metabolites in dried blood spots was validated for therapeutic drug monitoring. The method proved accurate across haematocrit values of 30-45 percent, remained stable for ten days at room temperature, and was successfully applied to patient samples, enabling decentralised monitoring in children with autism spectrum disorders.
Dried Blood Spots Combined With Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for the Quantification of the Antipsychotics Risperidone, Aripiprazole, Pipamperone, and Their Major Metabolites — Tron et al., Therapeutic drug monitoring (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- pediatric
- tdm
- haematocrit
2017
This study found that saliva collected with the OMNIgene ORAL kit and stored at room temperature for up to 13 months allowed for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum DNA with high sensitivity and specificity compared to blood tests, suggesting it is a viable non-invasive alternative for malaria diagnosis.
Detection of Plasmodium falciparum DNA in saliva samples stored at room temperature: potential for a non-invasive saliva-based diagnostic test for malaria — Mfuh et al., Malaria journal
- stabilised
- dna-genotek-omnigene
- serology
- validation
- saliva
2017
VAMS devices collect accurate blood volumes regardless of haematocrit level, but conventional ultrasonication extraction showed reduced drug recovery at higher haematocrit. A new bead-based impact-assisted extraction eliminated this bias, achieving quantitative recovery of naproxen and ritonavir across all haematocrit levels tested.
Volumetric absorptive microsampling combined with impact-assisted extraction for hematocrit effect free assays — Youhnovski et al., Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
- haematocrit
2017
DBS sampling by finger prick enables remote collection so patients need not attend a clinic, and assays often meet analytical criteria, but clinical validation and routine implementation are limited; ideally both medicines and clinical chemistry should be measured in the same sample.
Dried Blood Spot sampling in psychiatry: Perspectives for improving therapeutic drug monitoring — Martial et al., European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology (paywalled)
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- self-collection
- dried
- validation
2017
Among 148 Marshallese adults recruited through community-based participatory research, 95.5% provided a 2 mL saliva specimen using an Oragene DNA self-collection kit and 96.6% agreed to future contact, demonstrating high acceptability of patient-centric, decentralised genetic sampling in an underserved population with disproportionate type 2 diabetes burden.
Leveraging community-based participatory research capacity to recruit Pacific Islanders into a genetics study — McElfish et al., Journal of community genetics (paywalled)
- saliva
- dna-genotek-oragene
- self-collection
- acceptability
- genotyping
2017
The authors contend that dried blood spot specimens are necessary for equitable access to HIV viral load monitoring in infants and children where paediatric venipuncture capacity is constrained in low- and middle-income countries. They emphasise that patient-centric microsampling is critical given lower pediatric viral suppression rates, adherence challenges and limited antiretroviral formulations.
Routine viral load monitoring in HIV-infected infants and children in low- and middle-income countries: challenges and opportunities — Arpadi et al., Journal of the International AIDS Society
- blood
- dbs
- standards
- dried
- serology
- pediatric
2017
In low income children, lower cortisol output strengthened the association between lack of routine and poorer emotion regulation, suggesting that underlying stress biology may shape how home environment influences child emotion regulation.
Child cortisol moderates the association between family routines and emotion regulation in low-income children — Miller et al., Developmental psychobiology (paywalled)
- saliva
- self-collection
- pediatric
- hormones
- cortisol
2017
First-void urine self-collection detected HPV with 80% sensitivity versus cervical cells when using a multiplex PCR assay, but only 58% with a less sensitive assay, showing that analytical sensitivity determines feasibility of decentralised STI screening. All five high-grade cervical lesions were identified in urine by at least one assay, confirming urine sampling can support HPV vaccine impact monitoring if sensitive methods are employed.
Evaluation of the performance of Human Papillomavirus testing in paired urine and clinician-collected cervical samples among women aged over 30 years in Bhutan — Tshomo et al., Virology journal
- urine
- first-void
- self-collection
- validation
- hpv
- sti
2017
The study developed and validated an LC-MS/MS method for quantitating estetrol from 10–20 µL whole blood collected on volumetric absorptive microsampling devices, demonstrating selectivity, trueness, precision, accuracy and stability without derivatisation, and confirmed performance in murine pharmacokinetic studies; this enables reliable, low-volume microsampling for decentralised pharmacokinetic applications.
Whole blood microsampling for the quantitation of estetrol without derivatization by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry — Nys et al., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- blood
- dried
- fertility
- hormones
- validation
2017
Aircraft noise exposure flattened the daily cortisol rhythm in 1244 adults, with unchanged morning but higher evening saliva cortisol levels. This shows home-collected saliva can monitor stress-related HPA axis changes linked to cardiovascular disease risk, supporting decentralised biomarker screening.
Effects of aircraft noise exposure on saliva cortisol near airports in France — Lefèvre et al., Occupational and environmental medicine (paywalled)
- saliva
- self-collection
- hormones
- cortisol
- biomarkers
2017
Self-collected capillary blood samples provided sufficient volume and quality for islet autoantibody testing in 98% of samples for GAD, IA-2 and ZnT8 and 84% for insulin autoantibodies, with upper 90% confidence bounds for unsuccessful collection of 4.4% and 19.3% respectively; despite 43% finding it uncomfortable or painful, 82% preferred home self-collection over outpatient venepuncture, supporting feasibility and acceptability of decentralised screening.
Use of self-collected capillary blood samples for islet autoantibody screening in relatives: a feasibility and acceptability study — Liu et al., Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association (paywalled)
- acceptability
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- pediatric
- liquid
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