The Library
1530 papers on microsampling and monitoring, each with a finding paraphrased to our standard and labelled in one vocabulary. Every entry links to a legitimate copy; nothing is copied from an abstract.
Papers 701–757 of 757 labelled “validation”, newest first.
2017
A miniaturised stable isotope dilution assay using volumetric absorptive microsampling quantified whole blood 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid from only 10.8 μL with good precision and reproducibility. The dried samples remained stable for three weeks at -20°C, demonstrating VAMS enables accurate folate status screening with minimal blood volume, which is valuable for population and newborn screening programmes.
Assessing Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling Coupled with Stable Isotope Dilution Assay and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry as Potential Diagnostic Tool for Whole Blood 5-Methyltetrahydrofolic Acid — Kopp & Rychlik, Frontiers in nutrition
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- biomarkers
2017
Self-collection of saliva and hair specimens from ethnically diverse breast cancer survivors proved feasible, with samples remaining stable during shipment and storage. Hair cortisol measured by ELISA showed acceptable variability (16% coefficient of variation), supporting decentralised capture of chronic stress biomarkers in oncology cohorts without clinic visits.
Evaluation of cortisol and telomere length measurements in ethnically diverse women with breast cancer using culturally sensitive methods — Ramirez et al., Journal of community genetics
- saliva
- self-collection
- validation
- cortisol
- biomarkers
2017
Self-collected meatal swabs achieved 91% sensitivity and 99% specificity for Chlamydia trachomatis and 100% sensitivity and 99% specificity for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, demonstrating non-inferiority to urine specimens. This supports their use as a patient-centric alternative sample type for decentralised STI diagnostics in men.
Comparison of self-collected meatal swabs with urine specimens for the diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in men — Berry & Stanley, Journal of medical microbiology (paywalled)
- urine
- self-collection
- validation
- sti
2017
A UHPLC-MS/MS assay for risperidone, aripiprazole, pipamperone and their metabolites in dried blood spots was validated for therapeutic drug monitoring. The method proved accurate across haematocrit values of 30-45 percent, remained stable for ten days at room temperature, and was successfully applied to patient samples, enabling decentralised monitoring in children with autism spectrum disorders.
Dried Blood Spots Combined With Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for the Quantification of the Antipsychotics Risperidone, Aripiprazole, Pipamperone, and Their Major Metabolites — Tron et al., Therapeutic drug monitoring (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- pediatric
- tdm
- haematocrit
2017
This study found that saliva collected with the OMNIgene ORAL kit and stored at room temperature for up to 13 months allowed for the detection of Plasmodium falciparum DNA with high sensitivity and specificity compared to blood tests, suggesting it is a viable non-invasive alternative for malaria diagnosis.
Detection of Plasmodium falciparum DNA in saliva samples stored at room temperature: potential for a non-invasive saliva-based diagnostic test for malaria — Mfuh et al., Malaria journal
- saliva
- stabilised
- validation
- serology
2017
VAMS devices collect accurate blood volumes regardless of haematocrit level, but conventional ultrasonication extraction showed reduced drug recovery at higher haematocrit. A new bead-based impact-assisted extraction eliminated this bias, achieving quantitative recovery of naproxen and ritonavir across all haematocrit levels tested.
Volumetric absorptive microsampling combined with impact-assisted extraction for hematocrit effect free assays — Youhnovski et al., Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
- haematocrit
2017
First-void urine self-collection detected HPV with 80% sensitivity versus cervical cells when using a multiplex PCR assay, but only 58% with a less sensitive assay, showing that analytical sensitivity determines feasibility of decentralised STI screening. All five high-grade cervical lesions were identified in urine by at least one assay, confirming urine sampling can support HPV vaccine impact monitoring if sensitive methods are employed.
Evaluation of the performance of Human Papillomavirus testing in paired urine and clinician-collected cervical samples among women aged over 30 years in Bhutan — Tshomo et al., Virology journal
- urine
- first-void
- self-collection
- validation
- hpv
- sti
2017
The Cobas 4800 HPV test detected high-grade pre-cancerous cervical lesions in self-collected vaginal samples with the same sensitivity as clinician-taken cervical samples at 92.8 per cent, while urine self-sampling achieved a lower sensitivity of 76.3 per cent, supporting vaginal self-sampling as a viable decentralised alternative to clinic-based cervical screening.
Vaginal and Urine Self-sampling Compared to Cervical Sampling for HPV-testing with the Cobas 4800 HPV Test — Asciutto et al., Anticancer research (paywalled)
- urine
- self-collection
- validation
- hpv
- sti
2017
After 15 years of room-temperature storage, dried blood spots showed substantial degradation of polar metabolites with only one remaining statistically significant, whereas 36 lipids remained stable and correlated with matched serum samples. This indicates DBS may be viable for long-term lipid studies but unreliable for polar metabolite analysis in longitudinal decentralised research.
Comparing identified and statistically significant lipids and polar metabolites in 15-year old serum and dried blood spot samples for longitudinal studies — Kyle et al., Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- metabolome
- biomarkers
2016
A review of clinical DBS across TDM, metabolic monitoring and trials, arguing that analytical and clinical validation must be obligatory before clinical use.
Clinical feasibility of dried blood spots: analytics, validation, and applications — Enderle, Foerster & Burhenne, J. Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- standards
- dried
- validation
2016
With Oragene DISCOVER self-collection, saliva SNP-array genotypes matched blood at 99.996% concordance; about 6% of samples failed on low yield, so an occasional repeat should be expected.
Saliva DNA quality and genotyping efficiency in a predominantly elderly population — Gudiseva et al., BMC Medical Genomics
- dna
- venous-agreement
- stabilised
- blood
- dna-genotek-oragene
- validation
- saliva
- genotyping
2016
ORAcollect saliva matched blood at 97.9% overall variant concordance on a hereditary-cancer NGS panel, rising to 100% for protein-coding variants, supporting self-collected saliva for germline testing.
Validation of saliva as an alternative specimen for detecting hereditary breast-cancer mutations by next-generation sequencing — Meghnani et al., International J. Genomics
- dna
- venous-agreement
- stabilised
- blood
- dna-genotek-oracollect
- validation
- saliva
- genotyping
2016
The study found that ambient temperature collection and stabilisation of stool using the DNA Genotek OMNIgene·Gut device yielded the same data reproducibility as freezing and higher recovery of nucleic acids, enabling standardised global collection and analysis for microbiome studies.
A robust ambient temperature collection and stabilization strategy: Enabling worldwide functional studies of the human microbiome — Anderson et al., Scientific reports
- stabilised
- dna-genotek-omnigene
- microbiome
- stool
- validation
2016
An evaluation of five saliva collection kits found that only Norgen and Stratec achieved DNA yields comparable to Oragene of 30 µg or more, whilst Oasis was the easiest for sample collection. All commercial kits outperformed an in-house protocol, offering viable, cost-effective options for decentralised sampling.
Comparative Study of Five Commercially Available Saliva Collection Kits for DNA Extraction — Deeley et al., Clinical laboratory (paywalled)
- dna-genotek-oragene
- liquid
- validation
- saliva
- genotyping
2016
OMNIgene GUT vials improved stool DNA quality by reducing shearing, but storage for one week altered microbiota composition in pooled infant and elderly data, with infant samples more affected. For decentralised collection, extraction within the first week and a consistent storage regime are advisable.
Effect of room temperature transport vials on DNA quality and phylogenetic composition of faecal microbiota of elderly adults and infants — Hill et al., Microbiome
- stool
- stabilised
- dna-genotek-omnigene
- validation
- pediatric
- microbiome
2016
The PelvoCheck CT/NG assay detected CT with 98.8% sensitivity and 100% specificity and NG with 98.3% sensitivity and 98.2% specificity in female first-void urine, with performance comparable to FDA-approved NAATs and the first commercial system validated for pooled urine specimens.
Performance evaluation of the PelvoCheck CT/NG test kit for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae — Meyer et al., BMJ open
- urine
- first-void
- validation
- sti
2016
Urine detected HPV with low sensitivity 41 per cent compared with penile swabs but had high specificity 95 per cent; adding urine to swabs may aid epidemiological or clearance studies though urine alone is not comparable to swabs for diagnosis.
Comparison of urine samples and penile swabs for detection of human papillomavirus in HIV-negative Dutch men — Koene et al., Sexually transmitted infections (paywalled)
- urine
- first-void
- validation
- hpv
- sti
2016
DBS sampling yielded drug concentrations that agreed with plasma at 79–94% for praziquantel enantiomers and 108–122% for its metabolite in nine opisthorchiasis patients. This validates DBS as a practical alternative to conventional venous sampling for therapeutic drug monitoring in resource-limited settings.
Pharmacokinetic Study of Praziquantel Enantiomers and Its Main Metabolite R-trans-4-OH-PZQ in Plasma, Blood and Dried Blood Spots in Opisthorchis viverrini-Infected Patients — Meister et al., PLoS neglected tropical diseases
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
2016
Urine self-samples showed good agreement with cervical samples for HPV DNA detection (κ=0.65) and viral load correlation (ρ=0.676), with stronger correlation in severe lesions. This supports urine sampling as a valid alternative for decentralised follow-up of HPV intervention trials and screening programmes, enabling home-based monitoring without clinic visits.
Long-Term Follow-up of HPV Infection Using Urine and Cervical Quantitative HPV DNA Testing — Vorsters et al., International journal of molecular sciences
- urine
- self-collection
- validation
- hpv
- sti
2016
Miltefosine concentrations measured in dried blood spots showed excellent agreement with plasma (median ratio 0.99, Pearson's r=0.946) in patients with visceral leishmaniasis. The method demonstrated 97% extraction recovery, remained stable for 162 days at 37°C, and performed reliably across haematocrit levels of 20–35%, offering a valid and practical alternative to venous sampling for therapeutic drug monitoring in decentralised settings.
Validation and Clinical Evaluation of a Novel Method To Measure Miltefosine in Leishmaniasis Patients Using Dried Blood Spot Sample Collection — Kip et al., Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- antimicrobials
- haematocrit
2016
A loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay combined with antimicrobial peptide lysis detected Chlamydia trachomatis directly in first-void urine with 100 per cent specificity and 73 per cent sensitivity, eliminating DNA extraction steps and enabling decentralised testing in resource-limited environments.
Combination with antimicrobial peptide lyses improves loop-mediated isothermal amplification based method for Chlamydia trachomatis detection directly in urine sample — Jevtuševskaja et al., BMC infectious diseases
- urine
- first-void
- validation
- sti
2016
The validation of a dried blood spot assay for ceftriaxone achieved a limit of quantification of 0.14 mg/L with strong correlation between DBS-predicted and measured plasma concentrations (r=0.95). The method showed acceptable thermal stability, retaining over 95% of initial concentrations for periods ranging from 14 hours to 11 months. This supports the use of self-collected DBS samples for therapeutic drug monitoring of antimicrobials in remote and resource-poor settings.
Validation and Application of a Dried Blood Spot Ceftriaxone Assay — Page-Sharp et al., Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- antimicrobials
- haematocrit
2016
First-void urine HPV DNA testing showed 64.72% prevalence against 60.00% for cervical samples, with substantial concordance for the four vaccine types. This validates first-void urine as a patient-centric alternative specimen for decentralised cervical screening and HPV vaccination monitoring programmes.
Comparison between Urine and Cervical Samples for HPV DNA Detection and Typing in Young Women in Colombia — Cómbita et al., Cancer prevention research (paywalled)
- urine
- first-void
- validation
- hpv
2016
A book-type dried plasma spot card that filters red cells on-card was validated for nine drugs of abuse, showing good linearity and recovery while tolerating a wide haematocrit range of 30–60%. This approach circumvents the haematocrit bias that limits dried blood spots and yields more plasma for automated analysis, making it suitable for patient-collected samples in decentralised drug screening.
A Book-Type Dried Plasma Spot Card for Automated Flow-Through Elution Coupled with Online SPE-LC-MS/MS Bioanalysis of Opioids and Stimulants in blood — Ryona & Henion, Analytical chemistry (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- validation
- haematocrit
- toxicology
2016
An LC-MS/MS method accurately quantified hydroxyurea from small volumes of dried blood collected on DMPK-C cards and VAMS devices across a linear range of 0.5 to 60 μg/mL with comparable performance. This enables therapeutic drug monitoring and pharmacokinetic assessment in pediatric sickle cell anemia patients using capillary heel- or finger-prick sampling.
Stable-Isotope Dilution HPLC-Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Quantifying Hydroxyurea in Dried Blood Samples — Marahatta et al., Clinical chemistry (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- dbs
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- pediatric
- tdm
2015
VAMS eliminated the variable haematocrit bias seen with DBS, but a residual haematocrit-dependent recovery effect persisted at high haematocrit: the nuance that assays still need per-analyte validation.
Does volumetric absorptive microsampling eliminate the hematocrit bias for caffeine and paraxanthine in dried blood samples? A comparative study — De Kesel, Lambert & Stove, Analytica Chimica Acta (paywalled)
- vams
- blood
- dbs
- haematocrit
- dried
- toxicology
- validation
2015
The foundational quantitative-DBS work: a microfluidic layer meters a controlled 5–10 µL onto a standard card in seconds, targeting the haematocrit problem at source.
New microfluidic-based sampling procedure for overcoming the hematocrit problem associated with dried blood spot analysis — Leuthold et al., Analytical Chemistry (paywalled)
- volumetric
- blood
- qdbs
- haematocrit
- dried
- capillary
- validation
2015
The Powermicrobiome Kit yielded the best RNA from stool, and RNA Later preserved mRNA integrity for six days at room temperature, though it introduced taxonomic and functional bias. RNA Protect was unsuitable beyond 24 hours. These findings support decentralised stool collection for metatranscriptomics but highlight the need to account for stabilisation reagent effects.
Stool metatranscriptomics: A technical guideline for mRNA stabilisation and isolation — Reck et al., BMC genomics
- stool
- stabilised
- validation
- microbiome
2015
MiniCollect 3.2% citrate small-volume tubes give PT/INR results equivalent to standard venipuncture and are suitable when a small blood volume is preferred; EDTA tubes do not agree with standard sampling.
Evaluation of small-volume tubes for venous and capillary PT (INR) samples — Onelöv et al., International journal of laboratory hematology (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
2015
Automated urine flow cytometry of first-void urine, using a threshold of 29 white cells per microlitre, achieved 69% sensitivity and 92% specificity for Mycoplasma genitalium or Chlamydia trachomatis infection in a validation cohort of 228 patients. The approach detected significantly more asymptomatic infections than clinical assessment alone, indicating potential for non-invasive point-of-care screening of sexually transmitted infections.
Performance evaluation of automated urine microscopy as a rapid, non-invasive approach for the diagnosis of non-gonococcal urethritis — Pond et al., Sexually transmitted infections
- urine
- first-void
- validation
- sti
2015
Retinol measured in dried blood spots showed high agreement with venous plasma (r=0.9724) and remained stable at room temperature for up to 10 weeks when extracted under acidic conditions, enabling simple and reliable assessment of vitamin A status for population studies and large clinical trials.
Robust measurement of vitamin A status in plasma and blood dried on paper — Huang et al., Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- biomarkers
2015
The OMNIgene™·DISCOVER kit preserved viral DNA integrity in saliva for up to 14 months at room temperature, outperforming frozen storage which caused significant degradation. Viral loads remained stable for 6-9 months with the kit, supporting its use for decentralised diagnostic testing in resource-constrained settings.
Detecting DNA viruses in oral fluids: evaluation of collection and storage methods — Speicher et al., Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease (paywalled)
- saliva
- stabilised
- validation
- serology
2015
The study validated a commercial ELISA for measuring measles-specific IgG in capillary dried blood spots from children, finding 100% sensitivity and 96.8% specificity against matched venous serum with 92% overall agreement, then applied the method to 1,588 field-collected samples in Mexico and Nicaragua. The procedure was acceptable to surveyors and participants, showing that dried blood spots are a feasible and accurate means of assessing population immunity to measles in low-resource settings.
Use of a commercial ELISA for the detection of measles-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) in dried blood spots collected from children living in low-resource settings — Colson et al., Journal of medical virology (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- pediatric
- serology
2015
Combining volumetric absorptive microsampling with phospholipid removal plates reduces matrix effects and delivers high sensitivity for dried blood hepcidin quantification. This method establishes a reliable microsampling protocol to quantify this peptide hormone while mitigating haematocrit bias.
Hepcidin determination in dried blood by microfluidic LC-MS/MS: comparison of DBS and volumetric absorptive microsampling for matrix effect and recovery — Houbart et al., Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- dbs
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- hormones
- haematocrit
2015
Self-collected dried blood spots gave HbA1c measurements that agreed closely with venous blood when samples were stored at room temperature for up to seven days, showing low intra-assay variation and clinically acceptable prediction intervals. The method offers a viable alternative for diabetes monitoring in remote or home-bound populations where traditional venepuncture is unavailable.
The use of dried blood spot sampling for the measurement of HbA1c: a cross-sectional study — Mastronardi et al., BMC clinical pathology
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
2015
The authors validated an LC-MS/MS method for quantifying emixustat in whole blood collected by VAMS. The assay performed reliably across the normal adult haematocrit range and the analyte remained stable on the device under ambient, refrigerated, and frozen storage, enabling decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring without plasma separation or cold chain.
Bioanalysis of emixustat (ACU-4429) in whole blood collected with volumetric absorptive microsampling by LC-MS/MS — Miao et al., Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
- haematocrit
2015
Salivary cortisol concentrations were unchanged after storage at -18 °C, -4 °C, 4 °C or room temperature for 72 h, and after simulated postal transport with a freezing element, when compared with samples kept continuously at -80 °C. This confirms that enzyme immunoassay of self-collected saliva is robust for home-sampling and postal delivery in decentralised studies.
The effect of storage conditions on salivary cortisol concentrations using an enzyme immunoassay — Nalla et al., Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation (paywalled)
- saliva
- self-collection
- validation
- hormones
- cortisol
2015
The authors developed and validated a chiral GC-MS method to quantify D-amino acid ratios in 1 mL first-void urine samples. In a study of 40 pregnant women, those with gestational diabetes mellitus showed altered urinary D-amino acid profiles compared to controls, suggesting that minimally invasive urine metabolomics could support decentralised screening for pregnancy-related metabolic disorders.
Optimization and validation of a chiral GC-MS method for the determination of free D-amino acids ratio in human urine: application to a gestational diabetes mellitus study — Lorenzo et al., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- urine
- first-void
- validation
- metabolome
- biomarkers
2014
The foundational VAMS paper: a fixed ~10 µL is absorbed with under 5% volume variation across a 20–70% haematocrit range, overcoming the area bias and homogeneity problems of the dried blood spot.
Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling: A Dried Sample Collection Technique for Quantitative Bioanalysis — Denniff & Spooner, Analytical Chemistry (paywalled)
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- blood
- haematocrit
- dried
- validation
2014
The honest counterpoint: many liquid-urine parameters, creatinine, iodine, nitrogen and minerals, remained valid after 12–15 years frozen at −22 °C without preservative.
Long-term urine biobanking: storage stability of clinical-chemical parameters under moderate freezing without preservatives — Remer, Montenegro-Bethancourt & Shi, Clinical Biochemistry (paywalled)
- pediatric
- liquid
- urine
- validation
- biomarkers
2014
Mailed at-home stool self-collection was feasible: ~20% of those approached enrolled and ~80% of those returned a usable specimen: workable, but recruitment depends on active, well-timed follow-up.
Feasibility of self-collection of fecal specimens by randomly sampled women for gut-microbiome studies — Feigelson et al., BMC Research Notes
- self-collection
- microbiome
- stool
- urine
- validation
2014
Pooling 19 studies, FIT for colorectal cancer showed ~0.79 sensitivity and ~0.94 specificity: a moderately sensitive, highly specific single-sample stool screen, dependent on the positivity cut-off.
Accuracy of Fecal Immunochemical Tests for Colorectal Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis — Lee et al., Annals of Internal Medicine
- stool
- colorectal
- fit
- validation
2014
Collecting a first-void sample, not midstream, and combining it immediately with a DNA-conservation buffer markedly improves urinary HPV DNA detection: suboptimal collection otherwise underestimates true prevalence.
Optimization of HPV DNA detection in urine by improving collection, storage, and extraction — Vorsters et al., European J. Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (paywalled)
- first-void
- hpv
- liquid
- urine
- validation
2014
This study validated self-collected stool and saliva for microbiome profiling, finding that microbial species and gene abundances were highly concordant across different preservation methods including freezing, ethanol, and RNAlater. These results support the feasibility of decentralised sampling for functional gut microbiota research.
Relating the metatranscriptome and metagenome of the human gut — Franzosa et al., Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (paywalled)
- multimodal
- self-collection
- microbiome
- stool
- validation
- saliva
- multi-omics
2014
Dried blood spot microsampling provides a patient-centric alternative to venous sampling for therapeutic drug monitoring, with advantages of home self-collection, small sample volumes suitable for children, and analyte stability, though accuracy is affected by haematocrit and requires patient correlation studies to validate clinical equivalence.
Therapeutic drug monitoring by dried blood spot: progress to date and future directions — Wilhelm et al., Clinical pharmacokinetics
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- tdm
- haematocrit
2014
Capillary earlobe blood (20 µl) from adults yielded RNA expression results comparable to venous blood for four mRNAs and microRNA‑126. This microsampling approach may enable gene expression profiling in newborns, children and patients requiring repeated sampling or with bleeding disorders.
Capillary earlobe blood may be used for RNA isolation, gene expression assays and microRNA quantification — Wehmeier & Hilberg, Molecular medicine reports (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
2014
DNA concentration from whole saliva correlates positively with age, so children yield significantly less DNA than adults. This means saliva collection protocols for genetic studies must be adjusted for paediatric populations to ensure adequate DNA quantity for genotyping.
The effect of age on DNA concentration from whole saliva: implications for the standard isolation method — Gassó et al., American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council (paywalled)
- saliva
- dna-genotek-oragene
- validation
- pediatric
- genotyping
2014
The validated LC-MS method for valproic acid in dried blood spots showed imprecision below 9% CV and accuracy within ±14% across the clinically relevant range of 10 to 1200 μmol/L, with haematocrit effects manageable between 30 and 60%, supporting its potential for home-based therapeutic drug monitoring of this antiepileptic medication.
Quantification of valproic acid in dried blood spots — Pohanka et al., Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- tdm
- haematocrit
2014
Urine-based HPV DNA testing demonstrated 76% agreement with cervical sampling, correctly identifying 100% of uninfected but only 65% of infected women in a high-risk population. All 12 discrepant pairs were urine-negative/cervix-positive, confirming that self-collected urine is substantially less sensitive than cervical sampling for HPV screening.
Urine-based human papillomavirus DNA testing as a screening tool for cervical cancer in high-risk women — Mendez et al., International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics (paywalled)
- urine
- self-collection
- validation
- hpv
- sti
2014
First-void urine specimens yielded accurate bacterial vaginosis diagnosis by qPCR for Megasphaera type 1 and Prevotella spp, with sensitivity and specificity matching vaginal swabs. This supports decentralised screening through non-invasive self-collection, removing the need for clinician-collected vaginal samples.
Bacterial vaginosis diagnosed by analysis of first-void-urine specimens — Datcu et al., Journal of clinical microbiology (paywalled)
- urine
- first-void
- self-collection
- validation
- sti
2014
Two rapid oral fluid HIV tests demonstrated sensitivities of 99.8% and 100% with specificities of 99.8% in a Mozambican population, performing comparably to the national blood-based algorithm despite participants marginally preferring blood testing. The findings validate saliva self-sampling for decentralised HIV screening.
Evaluation of performance and acceptability of two rapid oral fluid tests for HIV detection in Mozambique — Semá Baltazar et al., Journal of clinical microbiology (paywalled)
- saliva
- validation
- acceptability
- serology
2014
Parsons et al. validated a quantitative dried blood spot assay for rifapentine that remained stable for 11 weeks at ambient temperature and showed good agreement with plasma concentrations after haematocrit correction, offering a low-volume sampling approach suitable for therapeutic drug monitoring in international and paediatric tuberculosis trials.
Quantification of rifapentine, a potent antituberculosis drug, from dried blood spot samples using liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric analysis — Parsons et al., Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- antimicrobials
- haematocrit
2014
Both the Sebia CAPILLARYS 2 Flex Piercing and the Tosoh G8 performed excellently for HbA1c determination with low imprecision and minimal bias. Capillary blood analysed on the Cap 2FP showed good agreement with venous blood and was stable at room temperature, making it an acceptable alternative for point of care testing and enabling home collection with central analysis to reduce healthcare costs without compromising quality.
Evaluation of the Sebia CAPILLARYS 2 flex piercing for the measurement of HbA(1c) on venous and capillary blood samples — Heylen et al., American journal of clinical pathology (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
2014
A patient-use blood glucose monitoring system achieved accuracy comparable to six professional-use point-of-care systems when capillary samples from 100 subjects were measured by trained staff under standardised conditions, with all seven systems showing 99.5 to 100 per cent of results within ISO 15197:2003 limits. This supports the case that decentralised, patient-centric capillary blood glucose measurement can match professional laboratory-aligned performance when sampling is standardised.
System accuracy evaluation of systems for point-of-care testing of blood glucose: a comparison of a patient-use system with six professional-use systems — Freckmann et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
2014
The authors developed and validated a sensitive LCMS assay for methotrexate polyglutamates in dried blood spots from finger-prick samples, demonstrating agreement with conventional HPLC-UV analysis of matched red-cell samples in 47 paediatric patients. This enables minimally invasive, parent-collected sampling at home for therapeutic drug monitoring, supporting decentralised clinical studies and care in paediatric rheumatology.
A novel dried blood spot-LCMS method for the quantification of methotrexate polyglutamates as a potential marker for methotrexate use in children — Hawwa et al., PloS one
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- pediatric
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
2013
The canonical review of the haematocrit effect, decomposing it into recovery bias, matrix effects, spot-size/homogeneity variation and analyte-distribution bias.
Hemato-critical issues in quantitative analysis of dried blood spots: challenges and solutions — De Kesel et al., Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dbs
- haematocrit
- dried
- validation
2012
Oragene-stabilised saliva DNA agreed with blood at 98.7% of called markers on a pharmacogenetic array; saliva's lower overall call rate tracked its variable human-DNA content.
Genotyping Performance between Saliva and Blood-Derived Genomic DNAs on the DMET Array: A Comparison — Hu et al., PLoS ONE
- dna
- stabilised
- blood
- dna-genotek-oragene
- validation
- saliva
- genotyping
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