The Library
1530 papers on microsampling and monitoring, each with a finding paraphrased to our standard and labelled in one vocabulary. Every entry links to a legitimate copy; nothing is copied from an abstract.
Papers 601–700 of 733 labelled “blood”, newest first.
2020
The study validated a VAMS-based bioanalytical method using the Tasso OnDemand device for the drug gefapixant and demonstrated a mathematical bridging relationship with standard plasma assays, supporting its use in decentralised clinical trials.
Clinical application of volumetric absorptive microsampling to the gefapixant development program — Roadcap et al., Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
2020
This review highlights how low-volume, minimally invasive microsampling of matrices such as dried capillary blood, interstitial fluid and saliva can enable untargeted metabolomics and longitudinal exposome studies in children, with the potential for home self-collection to improve convenience and parental support.
Minimally Invasive Biospecimen Collection for Exposome Research in Children's Health — Petrick et al., Current environmental health reports (paywalled)
- blood
- saliva
- interstitial-fluid
- dried
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- metabolome
2020
Dried blood spot sampling using HemaSpot or Whatman903 cards demonstrated high analytical sensitivity for hepatitis B surface antigen, core antibody and hepatitis C antibody when compared with serum, with ratios ranging from 17.6:1 to 38.9:1. HemaSpot achieved 92.3% sensitivity and 100% specificity for HBsAg detection, maintained 80% detection efficacy after one month of storage, and showed no significant degradation after two weeks at ambient temperature, confirming its suitability for decentralised hepatitis screening in resource-limited settings.
Evaluation of the efficiency of dried blood spot-based measurement of hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus seromarkers — Yamamoto et al., Scientific reports
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2020
The review evaluates microsampling techniques including dried matrix spots, volumetric absorptive microsampling and capillary microsampling for SARS-CoV-2 bioanalytical applications, outlining their respective advantages and disadvantages to guide researchers and clinicians in pandemic-related diagnostics.
Quantitative microsampling for bioanalytical applications related to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: Usefulness, benefits and pitfalls — Protti et al., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis
- blood
- dried
- vams
- validation
2020
A GC-MS/MS method for anabolic steroids in VAMS dried blood from finger pricking demonstrated good precision, accuracy and stability, with results agreeing with serum specimens. In a testosterone gel administration trial, dried blood total testosterone identified transdermal micro-dosing, with concentrations rising up to ten times baseline at nine hours post-application, supporting decentralised doping screening.
Determination of anabolic steroids in dried blood using microsampling and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry: Application to a testosterone gel administration study — Chang et al., Journal of chromatography. A (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- validation
- venous-agreement
- hormones
- doping
2020
Capillary microsampling using the Neoteryx Mitra device predicted tacrolimus AUC with high accuracy and precision compared with venous sampling in renal transplant recipients, with 85% of estimates within ±11.9% error. Patients could self-sample accurately at home, enabling patient-centred therapeutic drug monitoring without extended hospital stays.
Tacrolimus Area Under the Concentration Versus Time Curve Monitoring, Using Home-Based Volumetric Absorptive Capillary Microsampling — Gustavsen et al., Therapeutic drug monitoring (paywalled)
- blood
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
2020
In adult kidney transplant patients, adding DBS home sampling to usual care did not reduce outpatient visits or per-visit costs versus usual care alone, though most patients were willing to use DBS if it cut hospital attendances; logistical optimisation of mailing and timely analysis is required to realise travel and cost benefits.
Effects, costs and implementation of monitoring kidney transplant patients' tacrolimus levels with dried blood spot sampling: A randomized controlled hybrid implementation trial — Veenhof et al., British journal of clinical pharmacology
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
- dct
- economics
2020
The study developed and validated a VAMS-based method for measuring cefepime in small volumes of paediatric blood with high accuracy and precision, enabling less invasive therapeutic drug monitoring in children. This advances decentralised, patient-centric sampling by allowing reliable pharmacokinetic studies without repeated venous draws.
Development and validation of a volumetric absorptive microsampling- liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method for the analysis of cefepime in human whole blood: Application to pediatric pharmacokinetic study — Moorthy et al., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- pediatric
- tdm
- antimicrobials
2020
The review highlights that volumetric absorptive microsampling enables easy, minimally invasive home sampling with room temperature storage and fixed volume accuracy, making it a viable alternative for clinical trials and therapeutic drug monitoring during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling as a Sampling Alternative in Clinical Trials and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review — Harahap et al., Drug design, development and therapy
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
- dct
- haematocrit
2020
HbA1c measured from self-collected HemaSpot dried blood spots showed strong linear agreement with venous blood and was stable over time. With high patient acceptance, this supports remote diabetes monitoring for people in decentralised care models.
HbA<sub>1c</sub> determination from HemaSpot™ blood collection devices: comparison of home prepared dried blood spots with standard venous blood analysis — Hall et al., Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
2020
The study validated a VAMS method for cocaine and metabolites in blood and plasma, achieving good extraction yield, precision and accuracy with analyte stability exceeding two months at room temperature. Results from VAMS correlated well with conventional fluid samples, supporting its use for decentralised forensic and toxicological monitoring without venepuncture or cold chain.
Blood and Plasma Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling (VAMS) Coupled to LC-MS/MS for the Forensic Assessment of Cocaine Consumption — Mandrioli et al., Molecules
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- doping
- toxicology
2019
A clinical validation showing dried blood samples can support infliximab concentration monitoring in inflammatory bowel disease.
Dried blood samples can support monitoring of infliximab concentrations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A clinical validation — Berends et al., British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
- venous-agreement
- biologics
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- self-collection
- dried
- validation
2019
Imaging shows analytes distribute non-uniformly within a single spot, one central, one peripheral, so where a sub-punch is taken can change the answer.
Analysis of the heterogeneous distribution of amiloride and propranolol in dried blood spot by UHPLC-FLD and MALDI-imaging — Uribe et al., Molecules
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- haematocrit
- dried
- validation
2019
The consensus guideline defining the analytical- and clinical-validation requirements for dried-blood TDM: the standardisation reference for implementing a dried assay clinically.
Official IATDMCT Guideline: Development and Validation of Dried Blood Spot-Based Methods for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring — Capiau et al., Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (paywalled)
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- standards
- haematocrit
- dried
- validation
2019
Comparing matched samples from four individuals, this study found that blood-derived DNA yielded a higher percentage of aligned reads and mean read depth than saliva or buccal samples, p<0.05. While limited by a small sample size, these results suggest decentralised saliva or buccal sampling may be less reliable for whole-genome sequencing.
Impact of DNA source on genetic variant detection from human whole-genome sequencing data — Trost et al., Journal of medical genetics
- blood
- saliva
- genotyping
2019
Volumetric absorptive capillary microsampling gave reliable tacrolimus measurements throughout the dose interval in renal transplant recipients, with mean biases of -3.1% for mailed samples and -4.2% for direct delivery versus venous blood. Dried microsamples remained stable for one month at ambient temperature, enabling home-based therapeutic drug monitoring with postal shipment.
Tacrolimus Can Be Reliably Measured With Volumetric Absorptive Capillary Microsampling Throughout the Dose Interval in Renal Transplant Recipients — Vethe et al., Therapeutic drug monitoring (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
2019
Capillary citrate specimens from finger-stick correlated strongly with laboratory INR (r=0.97) and showed equivalence to venous sampling, with 89% of results within 0.5 INR units of agreement. This method avoids venepuncture trauma in paediatric patients while maintaining diagnostic accuracy for anticoagulation monitoring.
Use of a capillary specimen in the laboratory to verify a point-of-care international normalized ratio: Avoidance of a venipuncture in a pediatric setting — Williams, International journal of laboratory hematology (paywalled)
- blood
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
2019
Noviplex dried plasma spot cards yielded neurofilament light chain measurements equivalent to standard plasma in healthy controls and ALS patients, while dried blood spot eluates gave different absolute values but still discriminated between the two groups. The results support remote dried blood microsampling as a practical alternative to venous sampling for neurodegeneration biomarkers in ALS.
Theme 7 Pre-clinical therapeutic strategies — Lombardi et al., Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis & frontotemporal degeneration (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- biomarkers
2019
Dried blood spot viral load quantification using the Biocentric method correlated with plasma testing (r=0.67–0.82) and delivered comparable diagnostic accuracy at the 1000 copies/mL threshold across three collection methods. This validates patient-centric microsampling for decentralised HIV monitoring in resource-limited settings.
Field Suitability and Diagnostic Accuracy of the Biocentric Open Real-Time PCR Platform for Dried Blood Spot-Based HIV Viral Load Quantification in Eswatini — Kerschberger et al., Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2019
A systematic review of dried blood spot sampling for tacrolimus monitoring across adult and paediatric organ transplant recipients demonstrated that reported analytical bias compared with venous sampling fell within acceptable limits across the majority of studies. This supports dried blood microsampling as an accurate approach for decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring.
Predictability of Capillary Blood Spot Toward Venous Whole Blood Sampling for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Tacrolimus in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients — Gallant et al., European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
2019
Isoelectric focusing from dried blood spot and capillary samples yields results identical to serum for transferrin glycosylation, with stable storage at -20 degrees Celsius for more than six months, enabling reliable diagnosis and therapy control of congenital disorders of glycosylation and supporting home self-collection for follow-up.
Transferrin glycosylation analysis from dried blood spot cards and capillary blood samples — Wolking et al., Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- pediatric
2019
The authors developed and validated an LC-MS/MS assay for THC, CBD and CBN from 20 µL VAMS blood samples with linear calibration curves and inter-day accuracies of 94.4 to 107 per cent, then applied it to a pediatric pharmacokinetic study, demonstrating that patient-centric microsampling can support decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring of cannabinoids in children.
A patient-centric liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry microsampling assay for analysis of cannabinoids in human whole blood: Application to pediatric pharmacokinetic study — Moorthy et al., Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- pediatric
- tdm
2019
This review found that oral fluid and dried blood spot microsampling can detect hepatitis B virus serological and DNA markers with variable sensitivity ranging from 13 to 100 percent depending on collection method, study population, and assay used. These decentralised sampling approaches could increase access to hepatitis B screening in remote areas and high-risk groups.
Applicability of Oral Fluid and Dried Blood Spot for Hepatitis B Virus Diagnosis — Villar et al., Canadian journal of gastroenterology & hepatology
- blood
- saliva
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- serology
2019
HPLC-MS/MS methods for midazolam and 1-OH midazolam in wet whole blood and dried blood collected on VAMS were developed and validated, meeting international guideline criteria; a strong correlation between wet and dry concentrations was observed, indicating VAMS is suitable for paediatric clinical studies.
Validation of methods for determining pediatric midazolam using wet whole blood and volumetric absorptive microsampling — Abu-Rabie et al., Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- tdm
2019
Matched fingerstick capillary blood samples showed near-perfect agreement with venipuncture across anti-müllerian hormone, estradiol, FSH, LH, prolactin, testosterone, TSH and free T4, with correlations of 0.99–1.00 and minimal bias, supporting interchangeable use and enabling virtually painless at-home testing for fertility hormone assessment.
Concordance of Fingerstick and Venipuncture Sampling for Fertility Hormones — Burke et al., Obstetrics and gynecology (paywalled)
- blood
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- fertility
- hormones
2019
In a fixed-sequence two-period Phase I study of 16 healthy volunteers taking sitagliptin, dried blood spot samples collected at home and digital adherence data captured via an electronic pill bottle were feasible and acceptable to participants. This supports patient-centric microsampling and remote monitoring for decentralised clinical trials, though the authors noted areas needing improvement.
Leveraging Digital Health Technologies and Outpatient Sampling in Clinical Drug Development: A Phase I Exploratory Study — Dockendorf et al., Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
- dct
2019
Volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) using the Neoteryx Mitra device was validated for mitotane therapeutic drug monitoring across 1–50 mg/L, with acceptable haematocrit bias and one-week stability at room temperature. However, comparison with venous plasma showed poor correlation, suggesting home-based VAMS is of limited clinical value for mitotane unless a method-specific target range is established.
A method for the minimally invasive drug monitoring of mitotane by means of volumetric absorptive microsampling for a home-based therapeutic drug monitoring — Friedl et al., Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- oncology
2019
The study developed and validated two LC-MS/MS methods for quantifying paracetamol in dried blood and dried cerebrospinal fluid using VAMS, showing acceptable precision and accuracy, limited haematocrit influence, and stability under various storage conditions, thus proving the utility of VAMS for CSF microsampling.
Volumetric absorptive microsampling as an alternative sampling strategy for the determination of paracetamol in blood and cerebrospinal fluid — Delahaye et al., Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- haematocrit
2019
A web-based application that grades dried blood spot quality from smartphone photographs agreed with laboratory technicians in 90% of trained and 87% of untrained collections, raising usable sample rates for therapeutic drug monitoring from 80% to 96% in trained settings and from 42% to 88% in untrained settings. Patients rated the app as acceptable and completed the check in under two minutes, suggesting it could reduce sample rejection in decentralised settings.
Performance of a web-based application measuring spot quality in dried blood spot sampling — Veenhof et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
- tdm
2019
Guardian-collected capillary dried blood spots were feasible for home monitoring of lamotrigine, and for carbamazepine and valproic acid when conversion factors were applied, with only 4 of 190 comparisons risking a conflicting dose decision and negligible risk of patient harm. Levetiracetam DBS showed high variability against plasma and is recommended only for checking nonadherence, not for dose adjustment.
Dried Blood Spot Self-Sampling by Guardians of Children With Epilepsy Is Feasible: Comparison With Plasma for Multiple Antiepileptic Drugs — Linder et al., Therapeutic drug monitoring (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- tdm
2019
Microsampling with the Neoteryx Mitra device showed acceptable linearity and precision for cyclosporine A, everolimus, sirolimus and tacrolimus, and agreed closely with conventional venous extraction by Deming regression, supporting its use for decentralised immunosuppressant therapeutic drug monitoring.
Feasibility of Immunosuppressant Drug Monitoring by a Microsampling Device — Gruzdys et al., The journal of applied laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
2019
In ten healthy volunteers, radiprodil pharmacokinetics measured by Aqua-Cap™ Drummond microsampling closely matched conventional venous blood draws, whereas Mitra™ microsampling gave marginally lower exposure values. Both microsampling methods fell within the accepted bioequivalence range, indicating they could enable patient-centric therapeutic drug monitoring and future paediatric decentralised trials.
A pharmacokinetic study of radiprodil oral suspension in healthy adults comparing conventional venous blood sampling with two microsampling techniques — Sciberras et al., Pharmacology research & perspectives
- blood
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
2019
Remote self-collected dried blood samples were more likely to be graded Good quality than in-clinic samples, with roughly 1.5 times higher odds of a Good grade, though response rates were lower for remote sampling.
Feasibility of Patient-Centric Remote Dried <i>Blood Sampling: The</i> Prediction, Risk, and Evaluation of Major Adverse Cardiac Events (PRE-MACE) Study — Fuller et al., Biodemography and social biology (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- self-collection
- acceptability
2019
Subcutaneous testosterone undecanoate injection was equally acceptable to intramuscular injection despite causing more pain at 24 hours, with most men preferring the intramuscular route. Pharmacokinetic analysis using dried blood spots showed a later peak concentration after subcutaneous injection, but no clinically meaningful differences in overall exposure, suggesting subcutaneous administration is a viable alternative without dose adjustment.
Pharmacokinetics and Acceptability of Subcutaneous Injection of Testosterone Undecanoate — Turner et al., Journal of the Endocrine Society (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- acceptability
- hormones
- tdm
2019
Finger prick dried blood spots correlated strongly with venous whole blood for poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances, achieving Spearman coefficients between 0.72 and 0.97. The method requires only 30 μL of blood, enabling decentralised biomonitoring of environmental toxins with minimal burden.
Dried blood spots for reliable biomonitoring of poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) — Poothong et al., The Science of the total environment (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- toxicology
2019
VAMS capillary blood showed strong agreement with venous serum for measuring anti-influenza antibodies and remained stable for three weeks at room temperature. When volunteers performed finger-stick sampling at home, their results were highly consistent with on-site collection by study personnel.
Application of volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) to measure multidimensional anti-influenza IgG antibodies by the mPlex-Flu assay — Wang et al., Journal of clinical and translational science
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2019
The VAMS assay quantifies voriconazole and voriconazole N-oxide with linear calibration from 10.0 to 10,000 ng/mL and intra- and inter-day accuracy within 87-102%, enabling accurate and precise therapeutic drug monitoring from a small fixed volume of dried blood.
Development and validation of a volumetric absorptive microsampling assay for analysis of voriconazole and voriconazole N-oxide in human whole blood — Moorthy et al., Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
- antimicrobials
2019
Fingerprick dried blood spots showed analytical agreement with whole blood for sirolimus and everolimus in transplant patients, but only 77.3% and 61.5% of samples fell within the pre-defined 15% clinical relevance limit, missing the 80% target for both drugs. This suggests the method cannot yet replace conventional sampling for immunosuppressant monitoring without accepting less stringent clinical criteria, which constrains its use in decentralised diagnostics.
Clinical application of a dried blood spot assay for sirolimus and everolimus in transplant patients — Veenhof et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
2019
The authors developed and validated a fully automated dried blood spot method for monitoring four anti-epileptic drugs and a metabolite. Accuracy and precision were within acceptable limits, samples were stable for at least one month at room temperature, and haematocrit effects were limited, demonstrating suitability for remote therapeutic drug monitoring in resource-limited settings.
Fully automated therapeutic drug monitoring of anti-epileptic drugs making use of dried blood spots — Velghe et al., Journal of chromatography. A (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- validation
- tdm
- haematocrit
2019
The validated LC-MS/MS method showed similar pharmacokinetic profiles for albendazole and its metabolites across plasma, whole blood, dried blood spots and Mitra microsamples from hookworm-infected adolescents, supporting microsampling for paediatric pharmacokinetic studies. Mitra extraction proved more robust than dried blood spots during validation and is recommended for future albendazole pharmacokinetic work, despite higher albendazole sulfone concentrations observed in both microsampling devices compared with wet matrices.
Pharmacokinetics of Albendazole, Albendazole Sulfoxide, and Albendazole Sulfone Determined from Plasma, Blood, Dried-Blood Spots, and Mitra Samples of Hookworm-Infected Adolescents — Schulz et al., Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- dbs
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- tdm
- antimicrobials
2019
Among 68 chronic myeloid leukaemia patients self-sampling dried blood spots for nilotinib therapeutic drug monitoring at home, 77% of samples were clinically useful. Patients found the procedure easy and not painful, with 75% requiring no assistance, though lower educational level predicted unsuitable samples, underscoring the need for clear instruction.
Feasibility of and patients' perspective on nilotinib dried blood spot self-sampling — Boons et al., European journal of clinical pharmacology (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
- tdm
- oncology
2019
The authors validated an LC-MS/MS method for simultaneously measuring vancomycin and creatinine from plasma applied to VAMS devices, reporting acceptable precision and accuracy with both analytes stable for up to two weeks at 45 degrees Celsius, though VAMS concentrations required correction factors to estimate plasma levels. This supports wider access to vancomycin therapeutic drug monitoring in resource-limited settings by enabling ambient transport of dried plasma microsamples.
Simultaneous determination of vancomycin and creatinine in plasma applied to volumetric absorptive microsampling devices using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry — Andriguetti et al., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
- antimicrobials
2019
Targeted metabolomics of whole blood using VAMS achieved good recoveries and repeatability (less than 15% RSD) for 36 metabolites, and amino and organic acids remained stable in dried blood for at least four days at room temperature, supporting decentralised microsampling for metabolomics.
Targeted metabolomics of whole blood using volumetric absorptive microsampling — Kok et al., Talanta (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- validation
- metabolome
2018
Metabolomics of TAP capillary blood matched venous draws for most metabolites, amino acids, bile acids and acyl-carnitines at r≥0.95; a small redox/energy subset differed with collection dynamics.
Quantitative metabolomics comparison of traditional blood draws and TAP capillary blood collection — Catala et al., Metabolomics (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- metabolome
- capillary
- liquid
- yourbio
- validation
2018
Telomere length measurements vary significantly depending on the sample type used, with Oragene saliva showing a moderate correlation to venous buffy coat, whereas Oasis saliva and dried blood spots did not yield comparable or adequate results for this assay.
Evaluating minimally invasive sample collection methods for telomere length measurement — Goldman et al., American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council (paywalled)
- blood
- saliva
- dried
- dbs
- dna-genotek-oragene
- validation
- venous-agreement
- genotyping
2018
Both blood and saliva collection methods produced sufficient DNA for genotyping, with saliva using Oragene kits being less invasive and more acceptable for participants who declined blood draws, supporting its use in decentralised research settings
The MOSAICC study: Assessing feasibility for biological sample collection in epidemiology studies and comparison of DNA yields from saliva and whole blood samples — James et al., Annals of human genetics (paywalled)
- blood
- saliva
- dna-genotek-oragene
- acceptability
- genotyping
2018
Volumetric dried blood spot sampling showed good agreement with conventional venous sampling for tacrolimus and mycophenolic acid concentrations in renal transplant recipients, with most concentrations and abbreviated AUCs falling within ±20% of conventional measures. Dosing recommendations differed on some occasions but the clinical impact was modest, suggesting home-based microsampling could support decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring with appropriate patient training.
Therapeutic drug monitoring of tacrolimus and mycophenolic acid in outpatient renal transplant recipients using a volumetric dried blood spot sampling device — Zwart et al., British journal of clinical pharmacology (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- volumetric
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
2018
Acetylsalicylic acid concentrations in VAMS samples decrease without a stabilising reagent, whereas whole blood samples remain stable. For decentralised diagnostics, this means stabilisers must be added to VAMS devices before analysis to ensure accurate therapeutic drug monitoring from patient-collected samples.
Quantitative analysis of acetylsalicylic acid in human blood using volumetric absorptive microsampling — Kim et al., Translational and clinical pharmacology
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
2018
Daily oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis demonstrated high acceptability and adherence among high-risk gay and bisexual men when monitored by dried blood spot analysis, with no HIV seroconversions over one year but frequent sexually transmitted infections. The study shows dried blood spot testing can support adherence monitoring in decentralised prevention programmes, though renal function requires surveillance.
Acceptability and tolerability of and adherence to HIV preexposure prophylaxis among Toronto gay and bisexual men: a pilot study — Tan et al., CMAJ open (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- acceptability
- tdm
- sti
2018
The study found substantial agreement between serum tobramycin and vancomycin concentrations collected from existing peripheral or central venous catheters and those obtained by venipuncture or fingerstick in pediatric patients. This suggests that using a strict flush and waste protocol allows for therapeutic drug monitoring without additional painful needle sticks, thereby improving patient satisfaction.
Therapeutic antibiotic serum concentrations by two blood collection methods within the pediatric patient: A comparative effectiveness trial — Lichliter et al., Journal for specialists in pediatric nursing : JSPN (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- tdm
- antimicrobials
2018
Glycated haemoglobin measurement from home-collected dried blood spots correlated strongly with venous sampling (r=0.93) and, after bias correction, achieved a concordance correlation of 0.9 with 100% positive predictive value for levels above 7%. With 88.5% of patients preferring home collection, the method offers a viable patient-centric alternative to laboratory venepuncture for decentralised diabetes monitoring.
Comparison of Glycated Hemoglobin Results Based on At-Home and In-Lab Dried Blood Spot Sampling to Routine Venous Blood Sampling In-Lab in Adult Patients With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes — Elliott et al., Canadian journal of diabetes (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
2018
The authors validated a dried blood spot assay for benznidazole that showed strong agreement with plasma concentrations (r²=0.8295) and proved stable at room temperature for more than one year. This microsampling approach enables therapeutic drug monitoring for Chagas disease in decentralised trials and remote settings, including paediatric populations.
Dried Blood Spot Technique-Based Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method as a Simple Alternative for Benznidazole Pharmacokinetic Assessment — Galindo Bedor et al., Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- antimicrobials
- haematocrit
2018
Volumetric absorptive microsampling provided acceptable analytical accuracy and precision for atenolol, lisinopril, simvastatin and capillary blood samples without being influenced by haematocrit levels. The VAMS approach demonstrated strong agreement with standard dried blood spot cards in identifying medication adherence among volunteers.
Volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) coupled with high-resolution, accurate-mass (HRAM) mass spectrometry as a simplified alternative to dried blood spot (DBS) analysis for therapeutic drug monitoring of cardiovascular drugs — Tanna et al., Clinical mass spectrometry (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- dbs
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
- haematocrit
2018
The optimised Abbott DBS protocol for HIV RNA testing performed well in a Vietnamese routine clinical setting, meeting WHO performance criteria for viral load monitoring. This supports scaling up decentralised HIV care, though sensitivity at the 1000 copies/mL threshold remains a challenge to avoid keeping patients on failing antiretroviral therapy.
First field evaluation of the optimized CE marked Abbott protocol for HIV RNA testing on dried blood spot in a routine clinical setting in Vietnam — Taieb et al., PloS one
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2018
Capillary C-peptide concentrations measured from dried blood spot and volumetric absorptive microsampling showed strong agreement with reference plasma samples. Both sampling methods maintained stability over 48 hours at room temperature, supporting their utility for remote monitoring of endogenous insulin secretion.
Microsampling Collection Methods for Measurement of C-peptide in Whole Blood — Jones et al., Journal of diabetes science and technology (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- dbs
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
2018
In 36 participants undergoing a meal challenge, non-invasive optical glucose prediction achieved a mean absolute relative difference of 14.4% compared with YSI reference values, with 100% of readings in consensus error grid zones A and B. Capillary measurements using the device's invasive component showed 9.2% MARD, demonstrating the feasibility of calibrated optical monitoring for non-invasive glucose tracking.
Evaluation of a New Noninvasive Glucose Monitoring Device by Means of Standardized Meal Experiments — Pfützner et al., Journal of diabetes science and technology (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- cgm
- multimodal
2018
A derivatisation method using 3-nitrophenylhydrazine enabled precise quantitation of 24 carnitines in dried blood spots with intra-day CVs ≤7.8% and inter-day CVs ≤8.8%, and recoveries of 86.9%-109.7%. While all carnitines remained stable after four hours of sunlight, temperature cycling caused concentration changes in several species, which matters for quality control in remote screening programmes for fatty acid oxidation defects.
Isotope-labeling derivatization with 3-nitrophenylhydrazine for LC/multiple-reaction monitoring-mass-spectrometry-based quantitation of carnitines in dried blood spots — Han et al., Analytica chimica acta (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- biomarkers
2018
VAMS recovery relative to DMPK-C depended on the protein, being lower for β-lactoglobulin and myoglobin but higher for cytochrome c and albumin, and haematocrit affected protein quantification from both materials. VAMS showed strong correlation (R² ≥ 0.983), accuracy of 71 to 101 per cent and precision with RSD at or below 20 per cent for six model proteins spiked into blood, supporting its use for decentralised protein analysis with awareness of haematocrit effects.
Volumetric absorptive MicroSampling vs. other blood sampling materials in LC-MS-based protein analysis - preliminary investigations — Andersen et al., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- haematocrit
2018
Web-delivered multimedia training for self-collection of dried blood spots was acceptable to 98% of participants and produced usable samples in 96% of attempts, indicating that remote instruction can enable reliable patient-centric microsampling, though response rates to recruitment need improvement.
Web-Delivered Multimedia Training Materials for the Self-Collection of Dried Blood Spots: A Formative Project — Allen et al., JMIR formative research
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
2018
Dried blood spot sampling showed good agreement with whole blood for measuring everolimus in cancer patients, with ninety percent of samples demonstrating acceptable prediction error and low bias. This enables home-based therapeutic drug monitoring, allowing clinicians to individualise dosing without requiring patient visits.
Clinical validation study of dried blood spot for determining everolimus concentration in patients with cancer — Willemsen et al., European journal of clinical pharmacology
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- oncology
2018
A volumetric absorptive microsampling method for quantifying GSKA in human blood was developed and validated. Haematocrit related assay bias was minimised across a 30 to 60 per cent range and all validation parameters met acceptance criteria, indicating the method is suitable for quantitative analysis in decentralised settings.
Drug monitoring by volumetric absorptive microsampling: method development considerations to mitigate hematocrit effects — Fang et al., Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- validation
- tdm
- haematocrit
2018
Most men who have sex with men could self-administer HIV rapid tests and correctly interpret results, but 27% of dried blood spot cards were of poor quality and interpretation was difficult when control lines were absent, suggesting instructions need refinement before decentralised deployment.
Pilot Evaluation of the Ability of Men Who Have Sex with Men to Self-Administer Rapid HIV Tests, Prepare Dried Blood Spot Cards, and Interpret Test Results, Atlanta, Georgia, 2013 — MacGowan et al., AIDS and behavior (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
- serology
- sti
2018
Remote hepatitis C self-testing and self-sampling are broadly acceptable among people who use drugs, with rapid saliva testing preferred over delayed blood sample results. However, successful uptake requires clear integration into supportive care pathways to help individuals manage positive diagnoses.
A qualitative assessment of the acceptability of hepatitis C remote self-testing and self-sampling amongst people who use drugs in London, UK — Guise et al., BMC infectious diseases
- blood
- saliva
- self-collection
- acceptability
- serology
2018
Field-based dried blood spot qPCR detected more than twice as many malaria infections as rapid diagnostic tests in a reactive test-and-treat programme, with 62 per cent of PCR-positive cases missed by RDT. The findings suggest that focusing treatment on index case households using more sensitive molecular diagnostics would improve efficiency for malaria elimination efforts.
Efficiency of a Malaria Reactive Test-and-Treat Program in Southern Zambia: A Prospective, Observational Study — Deutsch-Feldman et al., The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- serology
2018
A dried blood spot LC-MS/MS method was validated for therapeutic monitoring of carbamazepine, lamotrigine, levetiracetam and valproic acid. Concentrations from dried blood spots correlated strongly with plasma (R² 0.92) across venous and capillary samples, enabling home self-collection and reducing clinic visits for children with epilepsy.
Carbamazepine, lamotrigine, levetiracetam and valproic acid in dried blood spots with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry; method development and validation — Linder et al., Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- tdm
2018
Self-collected dried blood spots returned by post achieved an 82.4% return rate and identified a 3.04% HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men in Tokyo, with 70.6% of provisional positives later confirmed at hospital, demonstrating strong demand for postal self-sampling screening in populations that conventional services struggle to reach.
Assessment of HIV prevalence among MSM in Tokyo using self-collected dried blood spots delivered through the postal service — Takano et al., BMC infectious diseases
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- serology
- sti
2018
Among 554 HIV-positive men who have sex with men, 60.8 per cent successfully collected an adequate dried blood spot specimen at home for HIV-1 RNA quantification. The study revealed that 52.5 per cent had a detectable viral load, and most of these men had previously self-reported an undetectable result, demonstrating that decentralised sampling can identify gaps in treatment adherence and viral suppression.
Quantification of HIV-1 RNA Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Using an At-Home Self-Collected Dried Blood Spot Specimen: Feasibility Study — Hirshfield et al., JMIR public health and surveillance
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
- serology
2017
Finger-prick dried blood spots supported monitoring of both adalimumab and anti-adalimumab antibodies in inflammatory rheumatic disease: biologic TDM without a venous draw.
Dried blood spots from finger prick facilitate therapeutic drug monitoring of adalimumab and anti-adalimumab in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases — Kneepkens et al., British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- biologics
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- self-collection
- dried
- validation
2017
VAMS microsampling of capillary blood provided accurate measurement of hydroxychloroquine and metabolites in rheumatoid arthritis patients, with results agreeing with venous blood while overcoming dried blood spot limitations of haematocrit bias and inhomogeneity, and offered potential for home self-collection.
Capillary blood collected on volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) device for monitoring hydroxychloroquine in rheumatoid arthritis patients — Qu et al., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
2017
This study in children with epilepsy demonstrated strong correlation between dried blood spot and plasma concentrations for carbamazepine, lamotrigine and valproic acid. While lamotrigine concentrations were directly comparable, conversion factors were required for carbamazepine (18% higher bias) and valproic acid (35% lower bias), supporting the feasibility of home sampling for therapeutic drug monitoring and its potential to simplify care and reduce costs.
Comparison between dried blood spot and plasma sampling for therapeutic drug monitoring of antiepileptic drugs in children with epilepsy: A step towards home sampling — Linder et al., Clinical biochemistry (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- validation
- pediatric
- tdm
2017
Clinical validation in twenty-eight children showed that dried blood spot sampling predicted venous tacrolimus concentrations adequately, with ninety-five percent of predicted-to-observed ratios between 0.74 and 1.28 and median prediction error below fifteen percent, whereas mycophenolic acid predictions were more variable, indicating semiquantitative utility. The authors concluded that home-based dried blood spot collection is suitable for tacrolimus therapeutic drug monitoring in paediatric transplant recipients.
Dried Blood Spot Sampling for Tacrolimus and Mycophenolic Acid in Children: Analytical and Clinical Validation — Martial et al., Therapeutic drug monitoring (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
2017
Dried VAMS and DBS samples collected at home and analysed after a median of three days showed poor agreement with standard venous or capillary blood for HbA1c monitoring. In contrast, wet VAMS samples analysed immediately demonstrated excellent agreement, indicating that sample drying and delayed analysis compromise reliability for decentralised HbA1c measurement.
Volumetric absorptive microsampling at home as an alternative tool for the monitoring of HbA1c in diabetes patients — Verougstraete et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- pediatric
2017
Real-time mCOP-PCR on fresh blood DNA gave identical SMN1 deletion genotypes to PCR-RFLP and reduced turnaround from over 12 hours to four hours, offering a faster first-tier diagnostic method for SMA.
SMA Diagnosis: Detection of SMN1 Deletion with Real-Time mCOP-PCR System Using Fresh Blood DNA — Niba et al., The Kobe journal of medical sciences (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- genotyping
2017
A laboratory method study showed that a fluoroplastic porous carrier for dried plasma spots quadruples sample capacity to 70-100 µl and, with antioxidant pretreatment, preserves polyunsaturated fatty acids for up to 35-40 days at room temperature or six months frozen. This enhanced stability and capacity could support decentralised collection and mailing of plasma samples for fatty acid and cholesterol analysis.
[The perspective fluoroplastic porous carrier for conservation and transfer of samples of blood plasma: application of "dry drop" technique with the purpose of detection of individual fatty acids.] — Aripovsky et al., Klinicheskaia laboratornaia diagnostika (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- biomarkers
2017
In 250 Iranian infertile couples followed for 24 months, detection of Chlamydia trachomatis DNA in first-void urine, semen or serum antibodies did not predict tubal factor infertility, pregnancy rate or outcome. This indicates that patient-collected first-void urine screening for these organisms may have limited clinical utility in fertility assessment.
Relationship between Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium infection and pregnancy rate and outcome in Iranian infertile couples — Dehghan Marvast et al., Andrologia (paywalled)
- blood
- urine
- first-void
- fertility
- serology
- sti
2017
More than half of Australian opioid injectors reported recent injection of pharmaceutical opioids, and this behaviour was linked to daily injection, sharing of syringes or equipment, overdose and regional residence, indicating a need for targeted harm reduction including naloxone and specialist filters.
High risk injecting behaviour among people who inject pharmaceutical opioids in Australia — Iversen et al., The International journal on drug policy (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- serology
2017
In breast cancer patients, whole blood microsampling by dried matrix on paper discs and volumetric absorptive microsampling detected a similar number of metabolites with comparable reproducibility and group discrimination to the standard protein precipitation method, supporting their use as simpler alternatives in decentralised metabolomics workflows.
Comparative study on microsampling techniques in metabolic fingerprinting studies applying gas chromatography-MS analysis — Cala & Meesters, Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- metabolome
2017
A miniaturised stable isotope dilution assay using volumetric absorptive microsampling quantified whole blood 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid from only 10.8 μL with good precision and reproducibility. The dried samples remained stable for three weeks at -20°C, demonstrating VAMS enables accurate folate status screening with minimal blood volume, which is valuable for population and newborn screening programmes.
Assessing Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling Coupled with Stable Isotope Dilution Assay and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry as Potential Diagnostic Tool for Whole Blood 5-Methyltetrahydrofolic Acid — Kopp & Rychlik, Frontiers in nutrition
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- biomarkers
2017
A UHPLC-MS/MS assay for risperidone, aripiprazole, pipamperone and their metabolites in dried blood spots was validated for therapeutic drug monitoring. The method proved accurate across haematocrit values of 30-45 percent, remained stable for ten days at room temperature, and was successfully applied to patient samples, enabling decentralised monitoring in children with autism spectrum disorders.
Dried Blood Spots Combined With Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for the Quantification of the Antipsychotics Risperidone, Aripiprazole, Pipamperone, and Their Major Metabolites — Tron et al., Therapeutic drug monitoring (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- pediatric
- tdm
- haematocrit
2017
VAMS devices collect accurate blood volumes regardless of haematocrit level, but conventional ultrasonication extraction showed reduced drug recovery at higher haematocrit. A new bead-based impact-assisted extraction eliminated this bias, achieving quantitative recovery of naproxen and ritonavir across all haematocrit levels tested.
Volumetric absorptive microsampling combined with impact-assisted extraction for hematocrit effect free assays — Youhnovski et al., Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
- haematocrit
2017
DBS sampling by finger prick enables remote collection so patients need not attend a clinic, and assays often meet analytical criteria, but clinical validation and routine implementation are limited; ideally both medicines and clinical chemistry should be measured in the same sample.
Dried Blood Spot sampling in psychiatry: Perspectives for improving therapeutic drug monitoring — Martial et al., European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- tdm
2017
The authors contend that dried blood spot specimens are necessary for equitable access to HIV viral load monitoring in infants and children where paediatric venipuncture capacity is constrained in low- and middle-income countries. They emphasise that patient-centric microsampling is critical given lower pediatric viral suppression rates, adherence challenges and limited antiretroviral formulations.
Routine viral load monitoring in HIV-infected infants and children in low- and middle-income countries: challenges and opportunities — Arpadi et al., Journal of the International AIDS Society
- blood
- pediatric
2017
The study developed and validated an LC-MS/MS method for quantitating estetrol from 10–20 µL whole blood collected on volumetric absorptive microsampling devices, demonstrating selectivity, trueness, precision, accuracy and stability without derivatisation, and confirmed performance in murine pharmacokinetic studies; this enables reliable, low-volume microsampling for decentralised pharmacokinetic applications.
Whole blood microsampling for the quantitation of estetrol without derivatization by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry — Nys et al., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
2017
Self-collected capillary blood samples provided sufficient volume and quality for islet autoantibody testing in 98% of samples for GAD, IA-2 and ZnT8 and 84% for insulin autoantibodies, with upper 90% confidence bounds for unsuccessful collection of 4.4% and 19.3% respectively; despite 43% finding it uncomfortable or painful, 82% preferred home self-collection over outpatient venepuncture, supporting feasibility and acceptability of decentralised screening.
Use of self-collected capillary blood samples for islet autoantibody screening in relatives: a feasibility and acceptability study — Liu et al., Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- acceptability
2017
After 15 years of room-temperature storage, dried blood spots showed substantial degradation of polar metabolites with only one remaining statistically significant, whereas 36 lipids remained stable and correlated with matched serum samples. This indicates DBS may be viable for long-term lipid studies but unreliable for polar metabolite analysis in longitudinal decentralised research.
Comparing identified and statistically significant lipids and polar metabolites in 15-year old serum and dried blood spot samples for longitudinal studies — Kyle et al., Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- metabolome
- biomarkers
2016
A review of clinical DBS across TDM, metabolic monitoring and trials, arguing that analytical and clinical validation must be obligatory before clinical use.
Clinical feasibility of dried blood spots: analytics, validation, and applications — Enderle, Foerster & Burhenne, J. Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- standards
- dried
- validation
2016
With Oragene DISCOVER self-collection, saliva SNP-array genotypes matched blood at 99.996% concordance; about 6% of samples failed on low yield, so an occasional repeat should be expected.
Saliva DNA quality and genotyping efficiency in a predominantly elderly population — Gudiseva et al., BMC Medical Genomics
- dna
- venous-agreement
- stabilised
- blood
- dna-genotek-oragene
- validation
- saliva
- genotyping
2016
ORAcollect saliva matched blood at 97.9% overall variant concordance on a hereditary-cancer NGS panel, rising to 100% for protein-coding variants, supporting self-collected saliva for germline testing.
Validation of saliva as an alternative specimen for detecting hereditary breast-cancer mutations by next-generation sequencing — Meghnani et al., International J. Genomics
- dna
- venous-agreement
- stabilised
- blood
- dna-genotek-oracollect
- validation
- saliva
- genotyping
2016
Home DBS sampling for therapeutic drug monitoring in children cut total costs per draw by 43% for haemato-oncology patients and 61% for renal transplant patients from a societal perspective, with smaller savings from a healthcare-only viewpoint. The findings support decentralised diagnostics in paediatric care by quantifying the economic advantage of reducing hospital visits.
Cost Evaluation of Dried Blood Spot Home Sampling as Compared to Conventional Sampling for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Children — Martial et al., PloS one
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- pediatric
- tdm
- economics
2016
Dried blood spot sampling of 919 school-aged children in a field setting identified low hepatitis A endemicity (20.7% seroprevalence overall) but very high susceptibility in children under five (94.7%). This shows DBS can enable decentralised infectious disease screening in paediatric populations without requiring venous blood draws.
Hepatitis A seroprevalence in public school children in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, prior to the introduction of the hepatitis A universal childhood vaccination — Kury et al., Cadernos de saude publica (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- pediatric
- serology
2016
A review of the Zambian National Dried Blood Spot Registry identified 17 HIV-positive infants among 459 tested by DBS DNA PCR across five facilities, yielding a transmission rate of 3.7 per cent. Programmatic risk factors for mother-to-child transmission included late antenatal care presentation, home delivery, maternal refusal of treatment and loss to follow-up, underscoring the role of DBS-based infant screening in exposing service gaps as Zambia scaled up lifelong combination ART for pregnant women.
Identifying Gaps in Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV: A Case Series of HIV-positive Infants in Zambia — Bonawitz et al., The Pediatric infectious disease journal (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- pediatric
- serology
2016
DNA from dried blood spots extracted with a home-made buffer yielded more DNA than a commercial kit at similar quality, and duplex allele-specific qPCR accurately identified all HLA-DQ2 and DQ8 alleles in 558 children, reducing genotyping costs by 60 per cent for population-wide celiac disease and type 1 diabetes screening.
A population-wide applicable HLA-DQ2 and DQ8 genotyping using DNA from dried blood spots and duplex allele-specific qPCR amplification — Aguayo-Patrón et al., Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- pediatric
- economics
- genotyping
2016
The Infopia Element blood glucose meter showed acceptable precision, linearity and interference performance and met ISO 15197 accuracy criteria with 100 per cent of results in Clarke and consensus error grid zones A and B, but it exhibited a positive bias at low to mid glucose concentrations that may require further improvement for home use.
Analytical Performance Evaluation of Infopia Element™ Auto-coding Blood Glucose Monitoring System for Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose — Park et al., Journal of clinical laboratory analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- venous-agreement
2016
In healthy women, first-void urinary and plasma green tea catechins correlated weakly to moderately with lipid profiles and glycated haemoglobin. This supports the utility of non-invasive first-void urine collection for evaluating dietary and cardiometabolic biomarkers in decentralized studies.
Elevated plasma and urinary concentrations of green tea catechins associated with improved plasma lipid profile in healthy Japanese women — Takechi et al., Nutrition research (paywalled)
- blood
- urine
- first-void
- biomarkers
2016
In children with type 1 diabetes, ambulatory glucose profile showed mean absolute relative difference of 9.56% versus laboratory random glucose and 15.07% versus capillary glucose, with linear regression coefficients of 0.93 and 0.89 respectively, indicating acceptable agreement for outpatient glycaemic monitoring.
Evaluation of accuracy of ambulatory glucose profile in an outpatient setting in children with type 1 diabetes — Hulse et al., Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- cgm
- multimodal
2016
An in-home dried blood spot service run by nurses increased testing uptake among household contacts of hepatitis B-infected pregnant women compared with conventional primary-care follow-up, offering a decentralised approach that may improve coverage of testing and vaccination.
Assessing the impact of a nurse-delivered home dried blood spot service on uptake of testing for household contacts of hepatitis B-infected pregnant women across two London trusts — Keel et al., Epidemiology and infection (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- serology
2016
DBS sampling yielded drug concentrations that agreed with plasma at 79–94% for praziquantel enantiomers and 108–122% for its metabolite in nine opisthorchiasis patients. This validates DBS as a practical alternative to conventional venous sampling for therapeutic drug monitoring in resource-limited settings.
Pharmacokinetic Study of Praziquantel Enantiomers and Its Main Metabolite R-trans-4-OH-PZQ in Plasma, Blood and Dried Blood Spots in Opisthorchis viverrini-Infected Patients — Meister et al., PLoS neglected tropical diseases
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
2016
Miltefosine concentrations measured in dried blood spots showed excellent agreement with plasma (median ratio 0.99, Pearson's r=0.946) in patients with visceral leishmaniasis. The method demonstrated 97% extraction recovery, remained stable for 162 days at 37°C, and performed reliably across haematocrit levels of 20–35%, offering a valid and practical alternative to venous sampling for therapeutic drug monitoring in decentralised settings.
Validation and Clinical Evaluation of a Novel Method To Measure Miltefosine in Leishmaniasis Patients Using Dried Blood Spot Sample Collection — Kip et al., Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
- antimicrobials
- haematocrit
2016
Internet-using men who have sex with men returned 82% of mailed at-home dried blood spot HIV test kits, but black non-Hispanic men had roughly half the odds of returning a kit compared with white men. The study shows strong willingness to use decentralised HIV testing while flagging equity gaps that could limit access for minority groups.
Factors Associated with Returning At-Home Specimen Collection Kits for HIV Testing among Internet-Using Men Who Have Sex with Men — Ricca et al., Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
- serology
2016
Young female cancer survivors aged 18 to 44 can successfully self-collect dried blood spot samples at home, with 91% submitting specimens adequate for AMH assay. This demonstrates feasibility of patient-centric, decentralised monitoring of ovarian reserve in geographically dispersed populations, though generalisability may be limited to highly educated, higher-income groups.
Self-collected dried blood spots as a tool for measuring ovarian reserve in young female cancer survivors — Roberts et al., Human reproduction (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
- fertility
- hormones
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