The Library
1530 papers on microsampling and monitoring, each with a finding paraphrased to our standard and labelled in one vocabulary. Every entry links to a legitimate copy; nothing is copied from an abstract.
Papers 201–300 of 733 labelled “blood”, newest first.
2025
Capillary blood collected by fingerstick or microblade devices produced metabolite profiles that were virtually identical to venous samples when the same biofluid type was compared. This validation study demonstrates that inexpensive microsampling systems can deliver comparable metabolomics data, supporting their use in decentralised diagnostics.
Quantitative comparison of whole blood, plasma and serum metabolomes across different blood collection methods — Zubkowski et al., Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society (paywalled)
- blood
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- metabolome
2025
Erythropoietin was unstable in urine stored at room temperature or 37 degrees, with degradation in eight of twelve participants, while serum samples showed greater stability. Recombinant EPO detectability was identical across urine, venous serum and capillary serum collected with the Tasso+ SST device, leading the authors to recommend capillary serum collection for doping control to improve overall detection of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents.
Assessing EPO stability in urine and comparing recombinant EPO detectability in matched urine, venous serum, and capillary serum following a controlled epoetin alfa administration — Miller et al., Drug testing and analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- urine
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- doping
2025
Endogenous erythropoietin was detectable in 100% of microvolumetric capillary serum samples shipped at ambient temperature, and recombinant erythropoietin remained detectable under varied storage and shipping conditions except extreme heat, indicating that blood microsamples can be shipped without cold chain for ERA testing.
Detecting EPO in Microvolumetric Capillary Serum Shipped at Ambient Temperature for Antidoping Testing — Miller et al., Drug testing and analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- capillary
- validation
- doping
2025
Capillary whole blood collected with RedDrop and Tasso+ devices showed excellent laboratory agreement with venous blood for complete blood count parameters except platelets, indicating that microcapillary sampling is a valid alternative to venepuncture for anti-doping athlete biological passport testing.
Comparison of Microcapillary Blood Sampling Devices for Use in Anti-Doping — Lewis et al., Drug testing and analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- doping
2025
In this decentralised n-of-1 crossover trial of dapagliflozin in 20 adults with type 2 diabetes, remote collection of urine and capillary blood samples achieved 99.4% and 98.4% delivery success respectively, demonstrating that remote monitoring can reliably track individual albuminuria responses to therapy.
Albuminuria Responses to Dapagliflozin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Crossover Trial — Beernink et al., JAMA network open
- blood
- urine
- capillary
- self-collection
- dct
2025
In a decentralised phase 1 trial, healthy adults used a clinical trial app to self-collect blood microsamples and vital signs at home, with 65 to 70 per cent successfully providing blood samples and most preferring self-collection over staff collection.
Conducting clinical trials with self-collection of pharmacokinetic samples: Experience from an exploratory, phase 1, open-label trial of centanafadine SR in healthy individuals — Ye et al., Contemporary clinical trials communications
- blood
- self-collection
- acceptability
- dct
- rpm
- multimodal
2025
An optimized 4D-lipidomics UHPLC-HRMS protocol using stable isotope internal standards enabled semi-quantitative profiling of 432 unique lipid features from 10 ̢L dried blood spot samples with high analytical reproducibility. The workflow demonstrates the viability of capillary blood microsampling for large-scale, remote population lipidomics and metabolic profiling.
Dried blood spot microsampling: A semi-quantitative 4D-lipidomics approach using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography - high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC - HRMS) — Roberts et al., Talanta (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- metabolome
- biomarkers
2025
Dried blood spot sampling matched venous serum performance for islet autoantibody detection and was considered minimally invasive and convenient by parents and stakeholders, supporting its use for decentralised screening in home or community settings.
Establishing the performance and acceptability of dried blood spot sampling to screen for islet-specific autoantibodies — Faustini et al., Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- pediatric
2025
The method quantified elexacaftor, tezacaftor and ivacaftor across plasma, dried plasma spots and VAMS with good linearity, accuracy and no matrix effect. Plasma and dried plasma spot results were interchangeable, while VAMS gave lower concentrations due to high protein binding and were corrected using the haematocrit to estimate equivalent plasma levels.
A Novel LC-MS/MS Method for the Measurement of Elexacaftor, Tezacaftor and Ivacaftor in Plasma, Dried Plasma Spot (DPS) and Whole Blood in Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling (VAMS) Devices — Pigliasco et al., Pharmaceutics
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
- haematocrit
2025
In 22 adults, capillary blood collection demonstrated strong correlation with venous sampling for 66 per cent of inflammatory proteins and moderate to strong correlation for 80 per cent overall, supporting its validity for proteomic measurement in decentralised trials.
Comparing Venous vs. Capillary Blood Collection Methods for Proteomic Measurement in Peripheral Blood — Ni Lochlainn et al., Proteomics. Clinical applications
- blood
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- dct
- biomarkers
2025
Among people who inject drugs, point-of-care HCV testing was preferred over dried blood spot collection and venepuncture because rapid results reduced anxiety. The study shows that for decentralised screening, non-judgemental care and assisted collection are critical acceptability factors, even when self-collection is available.
Acceptability of hepatitis C testing using point-of-care testing and dried blood spot collection among people at risk of hepatitis C infection — Stevens et al., The International journal on drug policy (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- acceptability
- serology
2025
The study compared five microsampling devices, including Mitra tips and Tasso-M20, for detecting 27 steroid esters in dried blood by LC-MS/MS, and found that methanol extraction with Girard's reagent P or T provided the best screening sensitivity with detection limits of 0.05 to 1.0 ng/mL, while methoxyamine derivatization was recommended for confirming boldenone and certain testosterone esters. The Tasso-M20 device produced chromatographic interference with methanol extraction that was only partially resolved by using mixed solvents, at the cost of lower recoveries.
Comparability of different analytical workflows for steroid esters detection in doping control field — Mazzarino et al., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- dbs
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- doping
2025
Over two years, 1,507 participants used in-home capillary blood spot sampling for islet autoantibody screening, with only one reporting collection failure, compared with five failures among 276 venipuncture participants. Blood spot sampling reached younger and regionally based Australians at lower cost and with greater convenience, identifying preclinical type 1 diabetes at expected prevalence and supporting early diagnosis without the barriers of clinic-based venous draws.
Islet Autoantibody Screening Throughout Australia Using In-Home Blood Spot Sampling: 2-Year Outcomes of Type1Screen — Wentworth et al., Diabetes care (paywalled)
- blood
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
2025
Salivary concentrations of 17OH-progesterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, testosterone and progesterone showed strong positive correlations with serum in both prepubertal and pubertal children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia, supporting saliva as a minimally invasive alternative to venipuncture for diagnosis and therapy monitoring.
[Salivary steroid profile investigation by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia] — Tiulpakov et al., Problemy endokrinologii
- blood
- saliva
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- hormones
2025
In adults, cleaning the fingertip with an alcohol swab did not significantly change capillary glucose readings compared with handwashing, whether the alcohol was left wet or allowed to dry completely. This supports the continued safe use of alcohol swabs before capillary glucose testing in clinical and home settings.
Effect of Alcohol Swab on Blood Glucose Readings Using a Glucometer: A Quasi-Experimental Study — Al-Aithan et al., Cureus
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
2025
In an adolescent with cerebral palsy undergoing a home-based, remotely supervised sprint-intensity interval training intervention, dried blood spot testing demonstrated a 37.8% reduction in triglycerides and a 15.4% improvement in total cholesterol to HDL ratio. This illustrates how remote microsampling can support decentralized metabolic monitoring in pediatric disability rehabilitation.
Sprint-Intensity Arm Interval Training May Improve Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Cardiometabolic Health Among Children With Mobility Disabilities: Case Report — Dean et al., JMIR formative research
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- pediatric
- biomarkers
2025
The review identifies neurofilament light chain, brain-derived tau, glial fibrillary acidic protein and soluble TREM2 as fluid biomarkers that could monitor axonal damage and glial activation in hereditary spastic paraplegia. It proposes that dried blood spot collection enables minimally invasive longitudinal monitoring of these biomarkers, supporting patient-centred care models for this genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disease.
Fluid Biomarkers in Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia: A Narrative Review and Integrative Framework for Complex Neurodegenerative Mechanisms — Cipriano et al., Genes
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- biomarkers
2025
Volumetric dried blood spot microsampling enables retinol analysis with over 90% extraction efficiency from only 10 µL of blood, though α-tocopherol recovery ranges from 53 to 75% depending on filter paper. The method improves sample stability to 30 days at -80°C and reduces shipping volume more than a thousandfold, making micronutrient monitoring practical for decentralised settings.
Volumetric dried blood spot microsampling: A sustainable, patient-friendly, and practical approach for retinol and α-tocopherol analysis in a clinical setting — Suwanvecho et al., Methods (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- volumetric
- validation
- biomarkers
2025
Researchers validated a UHPLC-MS/MS assay for citrinin in capillary blood collected with Neoteryx Mitra VAMS devices, plus feces and urine, achieving quantification limits of 0.05 ng/mL. The study derived human toxicokinetic parameters from 48-hour sample collection after a single oral dose, demonstrating that microsampling enables robust population-level exposure assessment for mycotoxins.
Derivation of Human Toxicokinetic Parameters and Chemical-Specific Adjustment Factor of Citrinin Through a Human Intervention Trial and Hierarchical Bayesian Population Modeling — Visintin et al., Toxins
- blood
- urine
- stool
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- toxicology
2025
The study develops and validates a dried blood microsampling method for oxylipin analysis in newborn blood using UPLC-MS/MS, showing that small-volume, minimally invasive capillary blood collection is feasible and suitable for unstable, low-abundant analytes, enabling practical decentralised sampling in vulnerable populations.
Assessment of dried blood micro-sampling methods for oxylipin analysis in newborn blood using UPLC-MS/MS — Albiach-Delgado et al., Analytica chimica acta (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- pediatric
2025
In 55 patients, four approaches to convert dried capillary blood concentrations to plasma equivalents were evaluated. All methods except haematocrit-based conversion yielded acceptable analytical and clinical agreement for paracetamol and metabolites, supporting the reliability of capillary microsampling for decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring.
Comparative Evaluation of Approaches to Convert Microsampled Capillary Blood Concentrations to Plasma Concentrations: Paracetamol and Metabolites as a Case Study — Boffel et al., The AAPS journal (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- dct
- haematocrit
2025
This feasibility study demonstrated that a surrogate matrix solution enables accurate quantitation of a monoclonal antibody from dried blood samples collected via VAMS or Tasso-M20 devices. The method resolves challenges related to daily calibrator preparation and sample dilution for ligand binding assays used in pharmacokinetic studies.
The Use of Surrogate Matrix for Calibrators in the Analysis of Dried Blood Samples - A Feasibility Study — Lee et al., The AAPS journal (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- biologics
2025
Capillary volumetric absorptive microsampling showed significant differences in absolute antibiotic concentrations compared to venous plasma, yet it reliably tracked the pharmacokinetic profiles of amoxicillin, metronidazole, and azithromycin over time. The approach was well accepted by both participants and clinicians, indicating its feasibility for less invasive therapeutic drug monitoring in periodontal clinical trials.
A comparison between venous blood sampling and capillary volumetric absorptive microsampling for antibiotics levels monitoring in individuals with and without periodontal disease — Lazaridi et al., Clinical oral investigations
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- tdm
- antimicrobials
2025
All five at-home urine ovulation predictor kits demonstrated high accuracy (92–97%) when compared with blood LH levels, though sensitivity varied widely from 38% to 77% with Clinical Guard the lowest. Patient experience was comparable across kits, though Clinical Guard was slightly less favoured for future use.
Similar accuracy and patient experience with different one-step ovulation predictor kits — Vanderhoff et al., Fertility and sterility (paywalled)
- blood
- urine
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- fertility
- hormones
2025
Capillary blood collected with a Tasso+ device showed excellent agreement with venous serum for testosterone, the testosterone/androstenedione ratio, and luteinising hormone in 20 adults tracked over six weeks. The biomarkers remained stable when capillary samples were stored at room temperature, suggesting capillary microsampling could enable decentralised, patient-centric collection for the Athlete Biological Passport without cold-chain logistics.
Is blood blood? Comparing quantitation of endogenous steroids and luteinizing hormone in concurrently collected venous serum and Tasso+ SST capillary serum samples — Goodrum et al., Drug testing and analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- hormones
- doping
2025
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is significantly elevated in both plasma and saliva of patients with mitochondrial disease, and saliva GDF15 levels correlate with disease severity. This supports saliva as a patient-centric matrix for decentralised disease monitoring, potentially reducing the need for venous blood draws.
The mitochondrial disease biomarker GDF15 is dynamic, quantifiable in saliva, and correlates with disease severity — Huang et al., Molecular genetics and metabolism (paywalled)
- blood
- saliva
- biomarkers
2025
Capillary finger-stick blood showed excellent comparability with venous samples for 30 of 33 routine chemistry analytes against total allowable error criteria, and met CLIA 2024 proficiency testing limits for all but glucose. This validates capillary sampling as a clinically acceptable alternative for most routine tests, benefiting patients with needle phobia and enabling remote sampling.
Comparison of capillary finger stick and venous blood sampling for 34 routine chemistry analytes: potential for in hospital and remote blood sampling — Doeleman et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
2025
Whole-genome sequencing of dried blood spots from 1,000 newborns identified 16 infants with high-chance results, most missed by standard screening. The 13-day turnaround and high parental acceptability show a feasible, scalable model for decentralised genomic screening.
Feasibility, acceptability and clinical outcomes of the BabyScreen+ genomic newborn screening study — Lunke et al., Nature medicine
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- acceptability
- pediatric
- genotyping
2025
The authors observe that self-sampling devices for capillary blood are gaining traction as a patient-preferred alternative to venous collection, with one centre reporting a 15 percent reduction in laboratory test volumes when local collection was offered. They argue that successful integration into total laboratory automation requires addressing cost, transport regulations and sample volume adequacy while ensuring robust device design and seamless workflow compatibility.
Blood self-sampling devices: innovation, interpretation and implementation in total lab automation — Poland & Cobbaert, Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- acceptability
2024
At-home capillary microsampling carried pharmacokinetic sampling across the Paxlovid phase II/III programme, with fewer than 3% of more than 800 samples unusable, and the resulting data supported the Emergency Use Authorization and subsequent FDA approval: remotely collected samples accepted in a registrational filing.
Patient Centric Microsampling to Support Paxlovid Clinical Development: Bridging and Implementation — Wan et al., Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (paywalled)
- dct
- volumetric
- venous-agreement
- blood
- self-collection
- dried
- capillary
- validation
2024
Head-to-head clinical validation of two VAMS devices for tacrolimus and mycophenolic acid, with roughly 86–88% of samples within ±20% of venous.
Clinical validation of two volumetric absorptive microsampling devices to support home-based therapeutic drug monitoring of immunosuppression — Leino et al., British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (paywalled)
- vams
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- neoteryx-mitra
- blood
- tdm
- self-collection
- dried
- immunosuppressants
- validation
2024
DBS achieved 100% sensitivity, 99% specificity and ~97% concordance versus paired serum: the strength of the classic card for ratio/threshold serology.
Using Dried Blood Spots to Quantitatively Detect Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibodies by ELISA: A Validation Study — Ylade et al., American J. Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
- blood
- dbs
- dried
- serology
- validation
2024
Confirms urine is the second-most-applied VAMS matrix in forensics, collecting a consistent volume regardless of viscosity and enabling room-temperature storage and shipping.
Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling in Toxicology — Review, Toxics
- vams
- volumetric
- blood
- dried
- toxicology
- urine
- validation
- saliva
2024
In 91 children and adults, capillary C-peptide taken with the TAP device matched venous sampling with 100% sensitivity and specificity for a clinically relevant level, 200 pmol/L or above, with r = 0.996. 63% preferred it to a needle against 7% who preferred the needle, and same-day bruising was 5.5% versus 34.8% after a venous draw.
Transdermal blood sampling for C-peptide is a minimally invasive, reliable alternative to venous sampling in children and adults with type 1 diabetes — Besser et al., Diabetes Care
- blood
- liquid
- yourbio
- capillary
- pediatric
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- validation
2024
In at-home and trial settings, a wet capillary device reliably collected a median ~450 µL with a 4.4% failure rate; 88% of adults preferred self-collection over venipuncture, with lower pain.
Feasibility, acceptability and safety of a device for self-collecting capillary blood in clinical trials — Dasari et al., PLOS ONE
- acceptability
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- pediatric
- liquid
- validation
2024
A study of 301 adults with epilepsy providing 464 measurements found that patient-centric capillary VAMS microsampling showed good agreement with plasma for seven of 13 antiseizure medicines, such as carbamazepine and levetiracetam. However, systematic differences remained for valproate, primidone, topiramate, and zonisamide, meaning decentralised monitoring is feasible for most but some drugs need further evaluation.
Fingerprick volumetric absorptive microsampling for therapeutic drug monitoring of antiseizure medications: Reliability and real-life feasibility in epilepsy patients — Cancellerini et al., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- vams
- venous-agreement
- blood
- tdm
- self-collection
- dried
- capillary
2024
The study found excellent agreement between hCG levels measured in remotely collected capillary blood and standard venous samples, with a near-perfect correlation. This demonstrates that remote self-collection is a feasible and acceptable alternative for serial pregnancy monitoring, reducing the need for clinic visits.
Proof-of-concept study: Remote capillary blood collection for hCG analysis in early pregnancy — Joyce et al., European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- fertility
- hormones
- liquid
2024
Plasma total carbon dioxide concentrations were significantly lower in BD Microtainers compared to standard vacutainers, with reductions driven by low sample volume and transport delays rather than brief air exposure. These findings indicate that microtainers must be filled completely and analysed rapidly to maintain accuracy for this analyte.
Impact of blood volume, air exposure duration, transport duration, and testing delay on plasma total carbon dioxide in simulated open collections using microtainers — Reid et al., Clinical biochemistry (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- bd-microtainer
- validation
2024
A review of 18 studies found that microsampling techniques, including dried blood spot sampling and volumetric absorptive microsampling, are validated for antipsychotic monitoring. Although most studies have shortcomings limiting generalisability, microsampling is recommended for clozapine and is a promising, virtually painless option to support decentralised, patient-centric care.
Microsampling Techniques Suitable for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Antipsychotics — Geers et al., Journal of clinical psychopharmacology (paywalled)
- vams
- blood
- dbs
- tdm
- dried
- validation
2024
The study validated a VAMS-based LC-MS/MS method for measuring sirolimus levels, showing it was clinically equivalent to the standard whole blood method and suitable for therapeutic drug monitoring in paediatric transplant patients, supporting the use of decentralised microsampling for this purpose.
Personalization of pharmacotherapy with sirolimus based on volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) in pediatric renal transplant recipients-from LC-MS/MS method validation to clinical application — Kocur et al., Pharmacological reports : PR
- vams
- venous-agreement
- neoteryx-mitra
- blood
- tdm
- haematocrit
- dried
- capillary
- pediatric
- immunosuppressants
- validation
2024
The study developed and validated LC-MS/MS methods for ciclosporin in whole blood and volumetric absorptive microsampling across 1-2000 ng/mL, meeting international bioanalytical criteria, and confirmed interchangeability with clinical samples and external proficiency testing, supporting decentralised microsampling for therapeutic drug monitoring in children.
A novel approach to therapeutic drug monitoring of Ciclosporin in pediatric renal transplant recipients using volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) - Teaching old dog new tricks — Kocur et al., Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry (paywalled)
- vams
- blood
- tdm
- pediatric
- immunosuppressants
- validation
2024
A study of 152 women found that HbA1c and reproductive hormone levels from menstrual blood collected via a modified pad highly correlated with venous blood, supporting its use as a decentralised surrogate, though interassay variability was noted.
Concordance of hemoglobin A1c and reproductive hormone levels in menstrual and venous blood — Naseri et al., F&S reports
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- venous-agreement
- fertility
- hormones
2024
This study evaluated the repeatability of a point-of-care G6PD test using capillary blood collected via fingerprick and BD Microtainers, finding that modified sample application methods reduced variability in laboratory and field settings.
Field assessment of the operating procedures of a semi-quantitative G6PD Biosensor to improve repeatability of routine testing — Sadhewa et al., PloS one
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- bd-microtainer
- validation
2024
Capillary sampling gave TSH and FT4 results that closely matched venous values, with Spearman correlations of 0.99 and 0.97 respectively. This supports using small capillary samples for remote thyroid function testing.
Determination of Capillary Blood TSH and Free Thyroxine Levels Using Digital Immunoassay — Suzuki et al., Journal of the Endocrine Society
- venous-agreement
- blood
- capillary
- hormones
- yourbio
2024
Capillary serum collected with Tasso-SST and Tasso+ devices correlated with venous plasma at r = 0.98 for abrocitinib and its three metabolites, and exposure met bioequivalence criteria; the authors present this as the basis for using Tasso devices in future paediatric studies of abrocitinib.
Patient-centric microsampling for abrocitinib pharmacokinetics: multiple-analytes assay bridging using Tasso device — Tripathy et al., Bioanalysis
- blood
- capillary
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- tdm
2024
Patterned DBS cards meter reproducible volumes of dried blood across a range of haematocrits, allowing accurate white blood cell counts by qPCR that match HemoCue measurements. This enables reliable at-home sampling for populations without easy access to clinical facilities.
Hematocrit-Independent Sampling Enables White Blood Cell Counts from Patterned Dried Blood Spot Cards — Tierney et al., Analytical chemistry (paywalled)
- blood
- dbs
- self-collection
- haematocrit
- dried
- validation
2024
Capillary sampling for carcinoembryonic antigen showed near perfect agreement with venous results and was preferred by most participants, supporting reliable home based collection that could reduce hospital visits.
Feasibility, reliability and satisfaction of (automated) capillary carcinoembryonic antigen measurements for future home-based blood sampling: the prospective CASA-I study — Voigt et al., Colorectal disease : the official journal of the Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- blood
- self-collection
- oncology
- colorectal
- capillary
- yourbio
2024
Capillary blood self-collection yielded protein concentrations that matched venipuncture for only a minority of analytes, with 34 of 230 proteins showing acceptable correlation and low variability, while the remainder were more variable; this suggests capillary sampling can support decentralised proteomics for a subset of proteins but may not be universally interchangeable with venipuncture.
Capillary blood self-collection for high-throughput proteomics — El-Sabawi et al., Proteomics
- venous-agreement
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- liquid
- biomarkers
2024
Capillary finger prick sampling at home showed close agreement with venous sampling for measuring infliximab, vedolizumab and CRP, with no systematic bias and high patient tolerability and practicality, supporting decentralised monitoring of biologic therapy in IBD.
Clinical Validation of a Capillary Blood Home-Based Self-Sampling Technique for Monitoring of Infliximab, Vedolizumab, and C-Reactive Protein Concentrations in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease — Otten et al., Inflammatory bowel diseases
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- tdm
- biologics
2024
This review found saliva comparable to blood and urine for detecting viral genetic material and antibodies, supporting patient-centric monitoring and decentralised surveillance. The authors state that standardised protocols and further validation are required for routine clinical use.
The Emergence of Saliva as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Tool for Viral Infections — Oliveira et al., Viruses
- blood
- self-collection
- serology
- hpv
- urine
- validation
- saliva
- biomarkers
2024
Primary caregivers of children with metabolic disorders found at-home dried blood spot collection acceptable after training, which could enable more timely and cost-effective monitoring. This supports the feasibility of decentralised, patient-centric sampling for long-term condition management.
Acceptability of dried blood spot collection by primary caregivers of Filipino patients with maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) and phenylketonuria (PKU) — Merencilla et al., Journal of community genetics (paywalled)
- acceptability
- blood
- dbs
- self-collection
- dried
- pediatric
2024
Microsampling enables less invasive, patient-centric self-collection of capillary blood for remote monitoring of metabolites and lipids, overcoming conventional venipuncture constraints. Recent device innovations address dried blood spot limitations, particularly haematocrit and volume variations, expanding decentralised applications in population health, drug discovery and multi-omics research.
Revolutionizing Blood Collection: Innovations, Applications, and the Potential of Microsampling Technologies for Monitoring Metabolites and Lipids — Bossi et al., Metabolites
- multimodal
- blood
- dbs
- metabolome
- self-collection
- haematocrit
- dried
- capillary
- validation
- biomarkers
- multi-omics
2024
This study of 82 children with concussion found that capillary blood collected with a Mitra device within 48 hours of injury could not identify protein markers that predict persistent posttraumatic headache at two weeks. The negative result highlights the need for novel biomarker discovery to enable risk stratification in paediatric concussion using decentralised sampling.
Capillary blood protein markers of posttraumatic headache in children after concussion — Fan et al., Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics (paywalled)
- blood
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- pediatric
- biomarkers
2024
Preliminary data from the HOT4PrEP trial show 67% of participants offered home-based PrEP monitoring chose to self-collect blood and STI samples at home, and 82% of these successfully returned kits. This demonstrates feasibility and acceptability of decentralised microsampling for HIV prevention, which may improve PrEP retention and expand clinical capacity.
Implementation and Evaluation of a Home-Based Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Monitoring Option: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial — Cannon et al., JMIR research protocols
- blood
- self-collection
- acceptability
- dct
- sti
2024
This randomised trial found that peer-delivered HIV self-testing and sexually transmitted infection self-sampling did not improve oral pre-exposure prophylaxis adherence among transgender women in Uganda compared to standard care. Adherence was monitored using dried blood spots and urine, which showed a strong correlation in tenofovir detection.
Peer-Delivered HIV Self-Testing, Sexually Transmitted Infection Self-Sampling, and Pre-exposure Prophylaxis for Transgender Women in Uganda: A Randomized Trial — Mujugira et al., Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes
- blood
- saliva
- urine
- dbs
- self-collection
- tdm
- dct
- sti
2024
The paper found that two laboratory assays for the anticoagulants apixaban and rivaroxaban gave markedly different plasma concentrations, and that dried blood volumetric absorptive microsamples taken by patients at home did not agree with plasma results. For decentralised diagnostics this means clinical laboratories must validate their chosen method and always measure haematocrit when using microsamples to ensure accurate anticoagulant monitoring.
Assays for Monitoring Apixaban and Rivaroxaban in Emergency Settings, State-of-the-Art Routine Analysis, and Volumetric Absorptive Microsamples Deliver Discordant Results — Fehér et al., Diagnostics
- blood
- dried
- vams
- validation
- tdm
- haematocrit
2024
The study validated a method for determining 15 trace elements in whole blood collected via VAMS, showing high precision and accuracy with agreement to a liquid sampling method. This supports the use of VAMS for decentralised trace element analysis in clinical and research settings.
A miniaturized sample preparation method for routine elemental determination in whole blood using volumetric absorptive micro-sampling by ICP-QQQ — Schmidt et al., Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
2024
The study developed and validated a LC-MS/MS method for quantifying Lurasidone using volumetric absorptive microsampling, comparing dried blood and plasma matrices; the method appears precise, accurate and robust, enabling reliable decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring with small-volume dried blood samples.
Development of LC-MS/MS method for quantification of Lurasidone using volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS); a comparative study between dried blood and plasma samples — Rajadhyaksha & Londhe, Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- validation
- tdm
2024
A feasibility study at a Kathmandu maternity hospital showed newborn metabolic screening using dried blood spots achieved 98.8% parental consent, driven primarily by cost-free participation. Despite pandemic-related transport delays to a central Indian laboratory, results were delivered within two weeks, detecting metabolic abnormalities in 13 of 825 infants, with 90% of healthcare providers endorsing routine implementation.
Feasibility of clinical newborn metabolic screening in a high-volume maternity center in Nepal — Khan et al., BMC global and public health
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- acceptability
- pediatric
2024
This systematic review of 67 studies involving 34,739 kidney disease patients found dried blood microsampling was mainly used for immunosuppressant therapeutic drug monitoring and kidney function assessment. The approach offered cost savings, was preferred by patients for home self-collection, and provides a patient-centric opportunity to upscale longitudinal sampling and reduce participation bias in decentralised kidney disease research.
A Systematic Literature Review on the Use of Dried Biofluid Microsampling in Patients With Kidney Disease — Lamond et al., Journal of clinical laboratory analysis
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- acceptability
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
- economics
2024
Postpartum women with HIV who had low ART drug concentrations reported more challenges with HIV status disclosure, social support, health system interactions and health beliefs compared with those who had continuously high concentrations; integrating objective adherence biomarkers with patient narratives could enable real time interventions to improve ART adherence and maternal infant outcomes.
Antiretroviral therapy adherence among peripartum women with HIV in Kenya: an explanatory mixed methods study using dry blood spot measures and narrative interviews — Hampanda et al., AIDS care (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- acceptability
- tdm
2024
A four-item questionnaire for menstrual phase identification, validated against progesterone in dried blood spots, achieved 92.1 per cent accuracy with less restrictive scoring, substantially better than self-reported onset of menses alone (60.2 per cent). This tool could enable accurate phase determination in decentralised research and low-resource settings without intensive clinical assessment.
Menstrual Phase Identification Questionnaire (MPIQ): Development and validation of a cross-sectional survey to identify follicular and luteal phases — Allen et al., Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- fertility
- hormones
2024
A short fasting test initiated overnight at home and completed in an outpatient setting diagnosed insulinoma in 11 of 12 patients within 24 hours (91.7% sensitivity). This decentralised approach avoids prolonged inpatient monitoring while maintaining diagnostic accuracy.
Short fasting test as a reliable and effective tool to diagnose insulinoma — Mikovic et al., Endocrine
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- venous-agreement
- hormones
2024
The study found low SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity in unvaccinated children and young adults in British Columbia, with higher rates in South Asian participants and young infants. Many infections were undetected, highlighting the value of patient-centric microsampling for more accurate, decentralised surveillance.
Factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in unvaccinated children and young adults — Silverberg et al., BMC infectious diseases
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- acceptability
- pediatric
- serology
2024
The review found dried blood spot sampling correlates strongly with plasma for HIV-1 viral load and offers simplified collection, transport and storage without cold-chain. This could expand access to monitoring in resource-limited settings and improve clinical outcomes through earlier detection of treatment failure.
Revolutionizing HIV-1 Viral Load Monitoring in India: The Potential of Dried Blood Spot Analysis for Expanding Access and Improving Care — Chandane Tak et al., Healthcare
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2024
A statewide remote seroprevalence study using at-home dried blood spot kits achieved a 71.6% sample return rate from registered households, with success dependent on integrated data systems, responsive participant support, and strong health department partnerships. This demonstrates feasibility of large-scale decentralised microsampling for public health surveillance.
CalScope: methodology and lessons learned for conducting a remote statewide SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence study in California using an at-home dried blood spot collection kit and online survey — Lim et al., BMC medical research methodology
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- dct
- serology
2024
Microsampling with Mitra® devices correlated strongly with venous plasma for capecitabine therapeutic drug monitoring (r=0.97), but yielded consistently lower concentrations. Patients preferred this method and reported minimal pain, suggesting it is suitable for patient-centric oncology drug monitoring in decentralised settings.
Comparison of capecitabine concentrations determined by microsampling versus plasma concentrations for therapeutic drug monitoring: a pilot study — Shafiei et al., The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- tdm
- oncology
2024
The authors validated a VAMS method for ivermectin therapeutic drug monitoring in whole blood, achieving a lower limit of quantification of 1 ng/mL and a linear range of 1–150 ng/mL. By eliminating haematocrit effects that limit dried blood spots, the method supports accurate decentralised sampling for antiparasitic therapy.
Development and validation of ivermectin quantification method in volumetric absorptive microsampling using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry — Harahap et al., Heliyon
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
- antimicrobials
2024
An LC-MS/MS method for warfarin in VAMS samples was validated to FDA 2022 standards, showing linearity from 5–500 ng/mL. Analysis of 25 patients on warfarin therapy yielded concentrations of 6.05–431.39 ng/mL, confirming that self-collected VAMS can reliably support anticoagulation monitoring in decentralised settings.
Determination of warfarin in volumetric absorptive microsampling by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry — Harahap et al., Heliyon
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
2024
The LC-MS/MS method using VAMS quantified doxorubicin and its metabolite doxorubicinol with linear ranges 8-200 and 3-100 ng/mL and LLOQs of 8 and 3 ng/mL; patient levels ranged 9.47-87.84 ng/mL for doxorubicin and 4.24-54.02 ng/mL for doxorubicinol, enabling TDM with cumulative doses 47.93-346.09 mg/m2 and an estimated cardiomyopathy risk under 4%.
Doxorubicin, doxorubicinol, cardiotoxicity, breast cancer, volumetric absorptive microsampling, LC-MS/MS — Chairunnisa et al., Pakistan journal of biological sciences : PJBS (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- tdm
- oncology
2024
The study developed and validated an ICP-MS/MS method for trace elements in whole blood collected on VAMS and found that most targeted elements gave accurate and reproducible results compared with a reference method, indicating that VAMS could become an alternative to venipuncture for blood sampling in trace elements analysis.
Validation of Mitra<sup>®</sup> VAMS<sup>®</sup> as a blood collection technique for trace elements analysis using ICP-MS/MS — Breton et al., Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
2024
The authors validated a UPLC-PDA assay for ceftazidime in 10 microlitre dried blood spots collected with the Capitainer device from neonatal patients, achieving accuracy of 90.1 to 104.8 per cent and precision within 11.7 per cent coefficient of variation across a quantification range of 0.5 to 200 micrograms per millilitre, and confirmed the method worked on clinical neonatal samples. This supports microsampling-based therapeutic drug monitoring of an antimicrobial in a vulnerable population where conventional venous blood draws are difficult.
Development and validation of a UPLC-PDA method for quantifying ceftazidime in dried blood spots — Lv et al., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- validation
- pediatric
- tdm
- antimicrobials
2024
An analytical method using Capitainer B devices collecting 10 microlitres of capillary blood was successfully validated for the quantitative determination of 25 PFAS using UHPLC-MS/MS. The method demonstrated high recovery above 80% and met precision and accuracy criteria across the validated range of 2 to 100 ng/mL.
Development and validation of the UHPLC-MS/MS method for the quantitative determination of 25 PFAS in dried blood spots — Galletto et al., Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- qdbs
- validation
- toxicology
2024
Plasma separation cards showed high specificity (99.3%) but moderate sensitivity (87.5%) against EDTA-plasma for HIV-1 viral load monitoring at a 1,000 copies/ml threshold in a South African cohort. Despite favourable usability among healthcare workers, laboratory-reported technical difficulties must be addressed to enable reliable decentralised scale-up in resource-constrained settings.
Assessment of the performance of the plasma separation card for HIV-1 viral load monitoring in South Africa — Chimoyi et al., Journal of clinical microbiology
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- pediatric
- serology
2024
A community survey of 1699 Tanzanian children using dried blood spots found 17.4% had residual antibiotics, with half of those exposed having no reported use, showing microsampling can reveal hidden antibiotic exposure for stewardship programmes.
Prevalence and predictors of residual antibiotics in children's blood in community settings in Tanzania — Lotto et al., Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- pediatric
- antimicrobials
2024
When patiromer is taken three hours after tacrolimus, it does not alter tacrolimus exposure in kidney transplant recipients. The study also shows that self-collected capillary blood samples using volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) can reliably measure tacrolimus concentrations, which simplifies pharmacokinetic studies and enables decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring.
Patiromer Does Not Alter Tacrolimus Pharmacokinetics in Kidney Transplant Recipients When Administered Three Hours Post-Tacrolimus — Drevland et al., Transplantation direct
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- self-collection
- tdm
- immunosuppressants
- dct
2024
Folate vitamer stability in dried blood microsamples was strongly dependent on temperature and time, with levels remaining within 85 to 115 per cent of baseline at -20°C and 4°C for up to two weeks in both VAMS and DBS, but only lasting three days at room temperature in VAMS and failing at 37°C. The authors conclude that decentralised sampling for folate status monitoring is feasible if transport temperature and duration are controlled, though pretreatment with stabilising agents and desiccant use offered only partial improvement at ambient temperature.
Is the stability of folates in dried blood microsamples sufficient to perform home-sampling studies? — Heughebaert & Stove, The Analyst (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- dbs
- neoteryx-mitra
- self-collection
- validation
- biomarkers
2024
The study developed and validated LC-MS/MS methods for ganciclovir in serum, dried serum spots, and VAMS-Mitra devices. In 80 pediatric renal transplant recipients, VAMS showed interchangeability with serum samples while extending stability to at least 49 days at room temperature, making decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring more feasible for transplant patients.
Assessment of Dried Serum Spots (DSS) and Volumetric-Absorptive Microsampling (VAMS) Techniques in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of (Val)Ganciclovir-Comparative Study in Analytical and Clinical Practice — Kocur et al., International journal of molecular sciences
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- pediatric
- tdm
- antimicrobials
2024
The Tasso+ device, which uses a vacuum to collect capillary blood from the upper arm, gathered an average of 536 microlitres of whole blood from 47 men who have sex with men using PrEP, with 91% of samples sufficient for HIV testing and 89% for syphilis testing. Acceptability was high, with 87% expressing a positive attitude and 77% willing to use the device again for home self-sampling.
Using an Innovative Method for Self-Collection of Capillary Blood for HIV and Syphilis Testing Among Men Who Have Sex With Men Who Use Pre-exposure Prophylaxis in the Netherlands; Limburg4zero — Goense et al., Sexually transmitted diseases (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- acceptability
- serology
- sti
2024
Capillary blood collection using liquid and dried microsampling devices yielded pharmacokinetic profiles comparable to venous sampling for two monoclonal antibodies and a small molecule, whereas haematocrit correction was necessary for dried formats and bridging was ineffective for hydroxychloroquine. The findings demonstrate the bioanalytical feasibility and patient acceptability of remote microsampling tools for pharmacokinetic evaluations in decentralised clinical trials.
Evaluation of Patient-Centric Sample Collection Technologies for Pharmacokinetic Assessment of Large and Small Molecules — Mandlekar et al., Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- dried
- capillary
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- tdm
- biologics
- dct
- haematocrit
2024
Low volume sampling devices showed good concordance with venous serum for measuring the pharmacodynamic biomarker sMAdCAM-1, but dried blood samples required substantial dilution to overcome buffer interference, which was mitigated by using a highly sensitive Simoa assay. The study demonstrates that while these devices have potential for decentralised clinical trials, careful validation is needed to address site-specific biases and assay sensitivity limitations.
Evaluation of low volume sampling devices for a pharmacodynamic biomarker analysis: Challenges and solutions — Yang et al., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- dried
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- dct
- biomarkers
2024
This decentralised clinical trial demonstrated that home-delivered meals tailored to laboratory findings significantly stabilised serum phosphorus levels and improved nutritional status in haemodialysis patients.
Adaptive Nutrition Intervention Stabilizes Serum Phosphorus Levels in Hemodialysis Patients: A Multicenter Decentralized Clinical Trial Using Real-World Data — Chung et al., Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation (paywalled)
- blood
- dct
2024
Self-collected dried blood spots analysed on the Roche Elecsys platform gave quantitative anti-spike antibody results that agreed closely with paired venous samples, with sensitivity 96.63% and specificity 97.81% and a conversion formula across 0.018 to 250 U/mL, enabling accurate tracking of titre changes in longitudinal cohorts after vaccination.
A Dried Blood Spot protocol for high-throughput quantitative analysis of SARS-CoV-2 RBD serology based on the Roche Elecsys system — Castelletti et al., Microbiology spectrum
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2024
Steroid hormones in dried blood spots remained within 15% of baseline for up to 14 days at 37C, and for up to 6 months at -20C, 4C and room temperature, with specific exceptions for androstenedione, 17-OHP, cortisone and cortisol. These findings support the use of DBS for decentralised hormone monitoring by defining storage limits that preserve analyte integrity during transit and storage.
Stability of steroid hormones in dried blood spots (DBS) — Olthof et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- hormones
2024
A validated LC-MS method quantified multiple antibiotics from a single volumetric absorptive microsample, with stability up to 90 days for most analytes and minimal haematocrit effect except vancomycin, enabling pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies in decentralised settings.
Bioanalysis of six antibiotics from volumetric microsamples: a new tool for precision dosing in critically ill children — Takyi-Williams et al., Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- pediatric
- tdm
- antimicrobials
- haematocrit
2024
The study validated an LC-HRMS method for measuring breast cancer drugs in plasma, urine, VAMS and oral fluid, showing that all matrices except oral fluid for certain drugs can support decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring. VAMS and oral fluid faced practical challenges in collection due to patient conditions, but the method enables patient-centric monitoring with dried blood and other self-collected samples.
Towards clinical adherence monitoring of oral endocrine breast cancer therapies by LC-HRMS-method development, validation, comparison of four sample matrices, and proof of concept — Jacobs et al., Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry
- blood
- saliva
- urine
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
- oncology
2024
Portable mid‑infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics classified fibromyalgia and other rheumatologic syndromes from dried blood collected by volumetric absorptive microsampling with 84% accuracy, 83% sensitivity and 85% specificity; spectral regions linked to amide bands and amino acids acted as discriminatory features, offering a point‑of‑care screening tool for decentralised diagnostics.
Portable Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy Combined with Chemometrics to Diagnose Fibromyalgia and Other Rheumatologic Syndromes Using Rapid Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling — Nuguri et al., Molecules
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
2024
The authors validated an LC-HRMS/MS assay for steroids and thyroid hormones in 30 microlitres of capillary blood collected with Neoteryx Mitra VAMS devices, demonstrating storage stability of over 28 days frozen and 14 days at room temperature. Using authentic samples from 50 healthy active adults, the method showed adequate sensitivity to detect the reduced hormone concentrations seen in relative energy deficiency in sport, supporting self-collected VAMS as a practical tool for regular hormone monitoring in athletes.
Development of an LC-HRMS/MS Method for Quantifying Steroids and Thyroid Hormones in Capillary Blood: A Potential Tool for Assessing Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (RED-S) — Tuma et al., Metabolites
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- hormones
2024
This study found that dried blood spot samples stored at room temperature for four years correlated highly with serum measurements for testosterone and androstenedione, indicating that hematocrit adjustment may be unnecessary for serial monitoring in home-based self-sampling.
Dried blood spot sampling of testosterone microdosing in healthy females — Desai et al., The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- fertility
- hormones
- haematocrit
2024
The study found that DBS testing showed high specificity for HIV, HBV and HCV and perfect sensitivity for HIV and HBV, but lower sensitivity for syphilis and HCV, with creatinine measurements slightly higher than venous samples. Despite challenges in sample adequacy, DBS was acceptable to participants and could support decentralised STI and renal monitoring in men who have sex with men.
Use of Home-Based Self-Collected Dried Blood Spots to Test for Syphilis, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis C and B Virus Infections and Measuring Creatinine Concentration — Nieuwenburg et al., Sexually transmitted diseases
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- self-collection
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- serology
- sti
2024
An on-line SPE-LC-MS method using 10 microlitre capillary blood samples collected on VAMS tips achieved lower limits of quantitation of 0.03 micromolar for methotrexate and 7-OH-MTX and 0.05 micromolar for DAMPA, with acceptable accuracy and precision. A plasma-to-whole-blood correlation factor of 0.46 was observed, supporting low-volume pediatric drug monitoring.
Development and validation of a bioanalytical method for the quantification of methotrexate from serum and capillary blood using volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) and on-line solid phase extraction (SPE) LC-MS — Opitz et al., Journal of chromatography. A (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- pediatric
- tdm
- oncology
2024
The study validated a VAMS-based method for measuring cenobamate in capillary blood, showing high precision accuracy and stability at room temperature for up to 15 days. Cenobamate levels in VAMS samples agreed with those in venous plasma, supporting its use in decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring for epilepsy patients.
A VAMS-based LC-MS/MS method for precise cenobamate quantification in epilepsy (patients) — Pigliasco et al., Epilepsia open
- blood
- dried
- vams
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
2024
An LC-MS/MS method for seven antiepileptic drugs was validated using dried blood and dried plasma spots, showing acceptable precision and accuracy. Samples remained stable for seven days at ambient temperature and 40°C, with good correlation to wet plasma concentrations, supporting decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring with self-collection and room-temperature transport.
Simultaneous monitoring of seven antiepileptic drugs by dried blood spot and dried plasma spot sampling: method validation and clinical application of a LC-MS/MS-based technique — Cao et al., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- venous-agreement
- tdm
2024
A validated high-throughput LC-MS/MS assay for piperaquine from dried blood spots achieved 54-72% recovery with <9% relative standard deviation and a quantification limit of 3 ng/mL, enabling detection for 4-8 weeks post-dose. The method showed minimal haematocrit interference and is suitable for therapeutic drug monitoring of antimalarial treatment in resource-limited settings and pediatric populations.
A high-throughput LC-MS/MS assay for piperaquine from dried blood spots: Improving malaria treatment in resource-limited settings — Blessborn et al., Journal of mass spectrometry and advances in the clinical lab
- blood
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- validation
- tdm
- antimicrobials
- haematocrit
2024
Volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS) yielded superior classification of fibromyalgia and long COVID compared with dried blood spots when analysed by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, delivering 100% accuracy, sensitivity and specificity with an area under the curve of 0.86. The method identified discriminatory metabolites from low-molecular-weight blood fractions, showing that VAMS can support decentralised metabolomic diagnostics for syndromes with overlapping clinical features.
Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Combined with Multivariate Analysis for Fingerprinting Clinically Similar Fibromyalgia and Long COVID Syndromes — Nuguri et al., Biomedicines
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- metabolome
- biomarkers
2024
This review of 2022 to 2023 work surveys dried blood microsampling for targeted and untargeted metabolomic and lipidomic profiling, finding the approach viable across paediatric research, therapeutic drug monitoring, metabolite screening, biomarker discovery, sports supervision, clinical disorder studies and forensic toxicology. The authors note that dried blood spots and VAMS dominate the published literature over other volumetric formats, and argue that harmonising analytical methods would accelerate wider clinical adoption of microsampling as an alternative to conventional plasma or serum profiling.
Targeted and untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics in dried blood microsampling: Recent applications and perspectives — Couacault et al., Analytical science advances
- blood
- dried
- vams
- dbs
- validation
- pediatric
- tdm
- toxicology
- metabolome
- biomarkers
2024
The study found that higher cumulative doses and more treatment cycles of nab-paclitaxel, along with older age, are linked to increased frequency and severity of peripheral neuropathy in pancreatic cancer patients. VAMS was shown to be a feasible, minimally invasive alternative to venous sampling for monitoring drug levels, supporting its use in patient-centric, decentralised care.
Factors affecting peripheral neuropathy induced by nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel in patients with pancreatic cancer — Kang et al., British journal of clinical pharmacology
- blood
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- tdm
- oncology
2024
This review of remote HbA1c testing via capillary blood microsampling finds that both dried and liquid formats can produce results comparable to venous sampling when collection, stability and extraction are properly validated. It matters because self-collected microsamples could enable decentralised diabetes monitoring and telemedicine, but heterogeneity in study designs and methods must be resolved before reliable implementation.
Remote HbA<sub>1c</sub> testing via microsampling: fit for purpose? — Verougstraete et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- dried
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
2024
The authors validated a dried blood spot method for simultaneous measurement of vancomycin and creatinine with a 5.2-minute run time, demonstrating linear ranges suitable for therapeutic drug monitoring. This supports home-based sampling to reduce the burden of clinic visits for patients requiring vancomycin monitoring.
Dried blood spot analysis for the quantification of vancomycin and creatinine using liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry: Method development and validation — Bahmany et al., Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- dbs
- validation
- tdm
- antimicrobials
2024
This study validated a method for measuring six oral anticancer drugs and their metabolites in 10 μL dried whole blood collected by VAMS. The method remained stable for 14 days at room temperature during shipping and up to nine months when frozen, supporting its use for decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring and reducing the need for clinic visits.
Analytical Validation of a Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling Method for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of the Oral Targeted Anticancer Agents, Abiraterone, Alectinib, Cabozantinib, Imatinib, Olaparib, and Sunitinib, and Metabolites — Meertens et al., Therapeutic drug monitoring (paywalled)
- blood
- dried
- vams
- validation
- tdm
- oncology
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