The Library
1530 papers on microsampling and monitoring, each with a finding paraphrased to our standard and labelled in one vocabulary. Every entry links to a legitimate copy; nothing is copied from an abstract.
Papers 101–161 of 161 labelled “liquid”, newest first.
2023
In healthy adults, capillary blood collected with the Onflow device yielded similar chemistry results to venous blood and was rated more acceptable with lower pain than venepuncture, with high willingness to reuse and positive phlebotomist usability.
Painless Capillary Blood Collection: A Rapid Evaluation of the Onflow Device — Noble et al., Diagnostics
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
2023
Electrochemical aptamer biosensors measured glucose and adenosine monophosphate in undiluted saliva with pico- to nanomolar sensitivity and remained reusable for up to seven days after storage. This noninvasive approach could support point-of-care diagnosis and at-home monitoring without the need for blood draws.
Electrochemical Aptamer-Based Biosensors for Measurements in Undiluted Human Saliva — Nguyen et al., ACS sensors (paywalled)
- saliva
- liquid
- self-collection
- validation
- biomarkers
2022
The paper records that the TAP II devices used for the infant draws were provided by YourBio Health, and that capillary serum was collected from babies as young as two months: the smallest patients sampled, without a heel prick or a venepuncture.
Durability of anti-spike antibodies in infants after maternal COVID-19 vaccination or natural infection — Shook, Edlow et al., JAMA
- blood
- liquid
- yourbio
- capillary
- pediatric
- serology
2022
Patients self-collected upper-arm capillary blood with press-activated devices including TAP II; autoantibody and CRP results agreed with venous at r≥0.98, were rated less painful, and 98.6% got enough blood within two attempts.
Remote self-collection of upper-arm capillary blood for autoantibody analysis in immune-mediated rheumatic diseases — Zarbl et al., RMD Open
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- blood
- self-collection
- capillary
- liquid
- yourbio
- biomarkers
2022
Capillary self-sampling gave CRP and autoantibody values nearly identical to venous, ICC 0.97–0.998, was less painful, and the upper-arm route drew far higher acceptance and willingness to sample at home.
Accuracy and tolerability of capillary self-sampling for inflammation and autoantibodies in rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized controlled trial — Knitza et al., Arthritis Research & Therapy
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
2022
Saliva collected using the ORAcollect device demonstrated high specificity and negative predictive value for SARS-CoV-2 detection by RT-PCR, with some positive results suggesting an earlier detection window than nasopharyngeal swabs. Conversely, the evaluated rapid antigen tests showed unacceptably low sensitivity for screening purposes.
Evaluation of Saliva as a Matrix for RT-PCR Analysis and Two Rapid Antigen Tests for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 — De Meyer et al., Viruses
- serology
- dna-genotek-oracollect
- liquid
- validation
- saliva
2022
Capillary blood self-testing using the Hem-Col device demonstrated excellent correlation (r=0.992) and perfect agreement (kappa=1) with venous blood for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Feasibility was markedly lower in participants aged 65 or more, who successfully collected the recommended volume in 62.5% of cases versus 86.2% in younger adults, suggesting older people need additional support such as telephone guidance or assistance from family for home-based sampling to be reliable.
Feasibility of home-based ELISA capillary blood self-testing for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies — Baggio et al., Practical laboratory medicine
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- serology
2022
Direct RT-PCR testing of raw saliva by two assays showed strong agreement with nasopharyngeal swab RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2 detection in 615 symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals, with 51 of 52 TaqPath-positive saliva samples also positive by a second saliva assay and 49 concordant results against the swab-based reference, supporting saliva self-collection as a scalable, noninvasive alternative for population-scale diagnostic testing.
Clinical Performance of Direct RT-PCR Testing of Raw Saliva for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Individuals — Castillo-Bravo et al., Microbiology spectrum
- saliva
- liquid
- self-collection
- validation
- serology
2022
Among three home-use capillary HbA1c tests, only Home Access approached acceptable accuracy with 82% of results within 5% of venous reference values, while CoreMedica and A1cNow+ achieved just 29% and 46% respectively, all falling short of the 90% standard. This demonstrates that most current home-use glycaemic tests lack the accuracy needed for reliable decentralised diabetes monitoring.
Accuracy of Three Commercial Home-Use Hemoglobin A1c Tests — Jacobsen et al., Diabetes technology & therapeutics (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
2022
Salivary glucocorticoid concentrations were comparable across Salivette Cortisol, passive drool and SalivaBio collection methods, and remained stable for 72 hours at room temperature and 4 degrees Celsius with no significant degradation after repeated freeze-thaw cycles. In children under six years, the SaliPac pacifier swab was well tolerated and collected sufficient saliva for steroid analysis in under four minutes.
Salivary Steroid Collection in Children Under Conditions Replicating Home Sampling — Tonge et al., The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism (paywalled)
- saliva
- liquid
- self-collection
- validation
- acceptability
- pediatric
- hormones
- cortisol
2022
Among 1040 Polish healthcare workers tested before vaccine availability, 25.2% were seropositive for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies using a two-step protocol of capillary blood rapid screening followed by venous confirmation. This demonstrates capillary sampling as a feasible approach for decentralised infectious disease surveillance in occupational health settings.
Healthcare workers highly affected during the COVID-19 epidemic wave in Poland prior to vaccination availability: seroprevalence study — Rosińska et al., Medycyna pracy (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- serology
2022
The LC-MS/MS assay for uracil was validated with good accuracy and precision, and uracil concentrations measured in Tasso-SST capillary serum correlated highly with venous plasma (rs 0.910), indicating that capillary microsampling can reliably identify patients with DPD deficiency for safer fluoropyrimidine dosing.
Evaluation of the Tasso-SST® capillary blood microsampling device for the measurement of endogenous uracil levels — Menestrina Dewes et al., Clinical biochemistry (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- oncology
2022
Noninvasive salivary measurements of creatinine, cystatin C and urea, and fingerstick capillary blood testing, can approximate gold‑standard laboratory results for kidney function. This could enable more frequent, home‑based monitoring to detect CKD progression and AKI episodes without the burdens of conventional venepuncture and laboratory processing.
Novel monitoring of renal function and medication levels in saliva and capillary blood of patients with kidney disease — Beshay et al., Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension (paywalled)
- blood
- saliva
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
2022
Retrospective analysis of 15,218 paired samples from two paediatric centres showed capillary blood counts differ systematically from venous results, with haemoglobin 6.5 g/L higher and platelet count 7.01 × 10⁹/L lower on average. This large-scale evidence enables accurate interpretation of capillary samples in children, which is crucial for patient-centric microsampling in decentralised diagnostics.
Differences between capillary and venous blood counts in children-A data mining approach — Becker et al., International journal of laboratory hematology (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
2022
Capillary blood self-sampling achieved 98.3% agreement with venous samples for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and 100% for IgA among 60 participants, demonstrating accuracy for vaccine monitoring. Saliva self-collection proved feasible with excellent usability, offering a patient-centric alternative for decentralised immunogenicity assessment.
Self-collection of capillary blood and saliva to determine COVID-19 vaccine immunogenicity in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and health professionals — Schmetzer et al., Frontiers in public health
- blood
- saliva
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- serology
2022
Capillary blood collected at home with the MiniCollect device showed good agreement with venous sampling for HbA1c analysis, supporting remote self-collection as a convenient alternative that maintains clinical performance and patient care during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Remote capillary blood collection for HbA<sub>1c</sub> measurement during the COVID-19 pandemic: A laboratory and patient perspective — Groenendijk et al., Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
2022
The Tasso SST capillary blood micro-sampling device generated reproducible serum protein measurements, but its concordance with venous samples was analyte-specific: CRP, ferritin, IL-6 and PCT showed strong agreement, while D-dimer, IL-1β and IL-1Ra did not. Self-collection at home with delayed processing led to significant concentration differences for several proteins, underscoring that user proficiency and timely sample handling are critical for decentralised diagnostic applications.
Assessing the use of a micro-sampling device for measuring blood protein levels in healthy subjects and COVID-19 patients — Brandsma et al., PloS one
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- biomarkers
2022
The Tasso OnDemand device was well accepted by participants, with nearly all finding it easy to use and feeling confident they could self-sample at home, and paired self-collected and clinician-collected specimens showed high agreement for HIV, syphilis and creatinine tests. While most users collected enough serum for two monitoring tests, only a third produced sufficient volume for three tests, suggesting a larger-volume device may be preferable for full guideline-recommended PrEP monitoring.
Feasibility of a novel self-collection method for blood samples and its acceptability for future home-based PrEP monitoring — Cannon et al., BMC infectious diseases
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- serology
- sti
2021
Four dried urine spots across a day matched a 24-hour liquid collection for 17 reproductive hormones and metabolites, with intraclass correlations above 0.90.
Reliability of a dried urine test for comprehensive assessment of urine hormones and metabolites — Newman & Curran, BMC Chemistry
- metabolome
- dried
- steroids
- fertility
- hormones
- liquid
- urine
- validation
2021
In first-void urine collected with Colli-Pee, the extraction method influenced HPV and human DNA yield more than the collected volume did: standardising processing matters at least as much as standardising volume.
Impact of Collection Volume and DNA Extraction Method on the Detection of Biomarkers and HPV DNA in First-Void Urine — Téblick et al., Molecules
- colli-pee
- first-void
- self-collection
- hpv
- liquid-biopsy
- liquid
- urine
- biomarkers
2021
High-risk HPV testing on first-void urine self-collected with Colli-Pee was about as sensitive, relative sensitivity 0.95, and specific for CIN2+ as clinician-taken cervical samples, supporting standardised first-void urine as a valid screening matrix.
Clinical and analytical evaluation of high-risk HPV testing on Colli-Pee first-void urine using the VALHUDES protocol — Van Keer et al., Gynecologic Oncology (paywalled)
- colli-pee
- first-void
- self-collection
- hpv
- liquid
- urine
- validation
2021
Capillary blood collected in BD Microtainer tubes remained stable for up to 12 days at room temperature and gave accurate HbA1c results when posted back, with high return rates and patient willingness to reuse the system.
Validation and feasibility of a postal system for remote monitoring of HbA1c — Cross et al., BMJ open diabetes research & care
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- bd-microtainer
- self-collection
- validation
- acceptability
2021
Fingerstick plasma collected in Microtainer tubes showed 100% concordance with matched venous plasma on the Abbott ARCHITECT SARS-CoV-2 IgG assay, n=109. Fingerstick dried blood spots found high concordance with venous samples, n=61, supporting these microsampling methods for decentralised serology.
Expanding access to SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM serologic testing using fingerstick whole blood, plasma, and rapid lateral flow assays — Anderson et al., Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- dbs
- bd-microtainer
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2021
Capillary blood self‑collection with the Tasso‑SST device succeeded in over 93 % of attempts and produced SARS‑CoV‑2 IgG results that agreed closely with venous blood, maintaining 98.9 % overall accuracy after simulated summer and winter shipping. This supports reliable, decentralised serology testing without medical supervision.
Self-collection of capillary blood using Tasso-SST devices for Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody testing — Hendelman et al., PloS one
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2021
A Simoa immunoassay detected SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein in venous and capillary blood and saliva with 98% negative and 90% positive agreement versus molecular testing across symptomatic, asymptomatic and pre‑symptomatic PCR‑positive individuals in days 1–7; N‑protein levels fell as spike‑IgG rose and correlated with saliva RT‑PCR Ct values and between matched saliva and capillary samples, enabling non‑invasive, swab‑independent sample collection for at‑home or point‑of‑care use.
N-protein presents early in blood, dried blood and saliva during asymptomatic and symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection — Shan et al., Nature communications
- blood
- saliva
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2021
Capillary whole blood samples yielded comparable results to venous plasma for HbA1c, lipid profile and liver function tests after three days at ambient temperature, and a pilot home-collection kit was found to have good patient usability. This model could enable decentralised monitoring of chronic disease patients during virtual clinics, mitigating infection risk.
The use of whole blood capillary samples to measure 15 analytes for a home-collect biochemistry service during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: A proposed model from North West London Pathology — Ansari et al., Annals of clinical biochemistry
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
2021
Two home-use capillary blood collection kits for HbA1c measurement produced results within 5% of venous values for 96% to 99% of samples across different shipping conditions. The kits were easy to use and yielded comparable results to venous specimens for both paediatric and adult participants, supporting their use in decentralised clinical research and care.
An Evaluation of Two Capillary Sample Collection Kits for Laboratory Measurement of HbA1c — Beck et al., Diabetes technology & therapeutics (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- pediatric
2021
A capillary blood glucose threshold of 2.6 mmol/L measured before the second feed predicted neonatal hypoglycaemia within 24 hours with an area under the ROC curve of 0.96. This could allow 60 per cent of babies born to mothers with gestational diabetes to avoid extended inpatient monitoring, enabling earlier discharge and home-based care.
Safe threshold of capillary blood glucose for predicting early future neonatal hypoglycaemia in babies born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus, an observational, retrospective cohort study — Park et al., BMC pregnancy and childbirth
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- pediatric
2021
A surrogate-analyte LC-MS/MS method for cortisol in whole blood was validated, showing linearity from 0.5 to 500 ng/mL with acceptable accuracy and precision per regulatory guidance. Evaluation of patient samples demonstrated comparable cortisol concentrations in whole blood and plasma, indicating that whole blood sampling could support patient-centric, at-home collection in decentralised trials and clinical diagnostics.
A validated surrogate analyte LC-MS/MS assay for quantification of endogenous cortisol in human whole blood — Agrawal et al., Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- validation
- hormones
- cortisol
- dct
2021
Saliva self-collection with TRIzol extraction matched nasopharyngeal swab performance for SARS-CoV-2 detection while enabling room-temperature storage without specialised tubes, offering a lower-cost decentralised option suitable for large-scale screening programmes.
Development of an alternative saliva test for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 using TRIzol: Adapting to countries with lower incomes looking for a large-scale detection program — Miranda-Ortiz et al., PloS one
- saliva
- liquid
- self-collection
- validation
- economics
- serology
2021
Capillary blood collected by fingerstick showed near-perfect correlation with venous samples for HbA1c (R² = 0.993), with 96.7% of paired results differing by no more than 0.2%. Most participants found the kit easy to use at home, indicating potential for decentralised diabetes monitoring when in-person visits are impractical.
Comparison of central laboratory HbA1c measurements obtained from a capillary collection versus a standard venous whole blood collection in the GRADE and EDIC studies — Nathan et al., PloS one
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- dct
2021
Direct RT-qPCR on self-collected raw saliva detected SARS-CoV-2 with 95.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity; only 0.6% of 2709 samples were invalid, and the method processed up to 384 samples in under two hours, offering a rapid, scalable approach for community-wide screening.
Validation and implementation of a direct RT-qPCR method for rapid screening of SARS-CoV-2 infection by using non-invasive saliva samples — Brotons et al., International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
- saliva
- liquid
- self-collection
- validation
- serology
2021
Capillary blood self-sampling showed near-perfect agreement with venous sampling for SARS-CoV-2 IgG detection, achieving a Cohen's kappa of 0.88. Samples remained stable at room temperature for seven days, and 38 of 39 participants successfully collected adequate volumes, supporting its use for decentralised serological testing.
Self-sampling of capillary blood for SARS-CoV-2 serology — Brown et al., Scientific reports
- blood
- liquid
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- serology
2020
Late-night salivary cortisol was a highly sensitive screen, about 97%, for ACTH-dependent Cushing syndrome, but performed poorly for adrenal disease: a validated screening, not confirmatory, test.
Prospective Evaluation of Late-Night Salivary Cortisol and Cortisone in Suspected Cushing Syndrome — Kannankeril et al., J. Endocrine Society
- cortisol
- hormones
- liquid
- validation
- saliva
2020
Vaccine-induced HPV antibodies from cervicovaginal secretions were detectable in first-void urine and correlated with serum levels, so one self-collected urine sample can monitor both HPV infection and immunogenicity without a blood draw; the authors see promise for decentralised follow-up after vaccination.
Non-invasive Assessment of Vaccine-Induced HPV Antibodies via First-Void Urine — Pattyn et al., Frontiers in Immunology
- first-void
- sti
- serology
- hpv
- liquid-biopsy
- liquid
- urine
- biomarkers
2020
Self-collected saliva samples provided adequate DNA for genotyping in preterm birth research, though questionnaire data on birth details had limited concordance with prospective records, indicating that while DNA sampling is feasible via post, phenotyping requires more reliable data collection methods for genetic studies.
Postal recruitment for genetic studies of preterm birth: A feasibility study — Keag et al., Wellcome open research
- dct
- dna-genotek-oragene
- self-collection
- liquid
- saliva
- genotyping
2020
The study found that HIV-1 viral load testing using fingerstick blood collected in BD Microtainer tubes showed high correlation, R² ≥0.980, with standard venous assays, supporting decentralised patient-centric microsampling. The authors note the limitation that testing was performed at a single laboratory site.
Performance evaluation of the Aptima HIV-1 RNA Quant assay on the Panther system using the standard and dilution protocols — Rossetti et al., Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- bd-microtainer
- venous-agreement
- serology
2020
The authors developed and validated high-sensitivity LC-MS/MS methods for tranexamic acid quantification in human whole blood, using either liquid samples or dried samples on volumetric absorptive microsampling devices. The methods performed excellently across clinically relevant concentrations, showed stability for up to one month at +50°C, and were validated with clinical samples, supporting decentralised therapeutic drug monitoring of this antifibrinolytic.
Tranexamic acid quantification in human whole blood using liquid samples or volumetric absorptive microsampling devices — Lamy et al., Bioanalysis (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- dried
- vams
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- tdm
2020
Acutely concussed youth studied at home showed longer sleep latency and greater fatigue than controls, with altered overnight cortisol dynamics and lower bedtime melatonin; these home-based saliva and actigraphy measures highlight decentralised endpoints for acute concussion care.
Sleep and stress in the acute phase of concussion in youth — Maerlender et al., Sports medicine and health science
- saliva
- liquid
- self-collection
- pediatric
- hormones
- cortisol
- actigraphy
- multimodal
2019
This study found that dried urine metabolite patterns followed serum concentrations. It shows excellent agreement for the 4-spot method versus 24-hour collections and dried versus liquid urine, with intraclass correlation coefficients greater than 0.95.
Evaluating urinary estrogen and progesterone metabolites using dried filter-paper samples and GC-MS/MS — Newman et al., BMC Chemistry
- dried
- steroids
- fertility
- hormones
- liquid
- urine
- validation
2019
At-home first-void urine self-collection with Colli-Pee was feasible, well accepted, and gave chlamydia/gonorrhoea detection comparable to routine clinic-based urine, supporting home first-void sampling for populations needing frequent STI testing.
Evaluation of Colli-Pee first-void urine self-sampling at home versus clinic-based collection for sexually transmitted infections in MSM — De Baetselier et al., BMJ Open
- colli-pee
- acceptability
- first-void
- sti
- self-collection
- liquid
- urine
2019
The assay quantifies salivary progesterone with a 5.5 min run time, LLOQ 20 pmol/L, CV and bias <11%, and mean recovery 91%, and it was applied to profile progesterone across the menstrual cycle and during the luteal phase in women, enabling high-throughput, home-based hormone monitoring.
A novel high-throughput assay for the measurement of salivary progesterone by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry — Schiffer et al., Annals of clinical biochemistry (paywalled)
- saliva
- liquid
- validation
- fertility
- hormones
2019
Guardian-collected capillary dried blood spots were feasible for home monitoring of lamotrigine, and for carbamazepine and valproic acid when conversion factors were applied, with only 4 of 190 comparisons risking a conflicting dose decision and negligible risk of patient harm. Levetiracetam DBS showed high variability against plasma and is recommended only for checking nonadherence, not for dose adjustment.
Dried Blood Spot Self-Sampling by Guardians of Children With Epilepsy Is Feasible: Comparison With Plasma for Multiple Antiepileptic Drugs — Linder et al., Therapeutic drug monitoring (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- dried
- capillary
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- tdm
2019
The validated LC-MS/MS method showed similar pharmacokinetic profiles for albendazole and its metabolites across plasma, whole blood, dried blood spots and Mitra microsamples from hookworm-infected adolescents, supporting microsampling for paediatric pharmacokinetic studies. Mitra extraction proved more robust than dried blood spots during validation and is recommended for future albendazole pharmacokinetic work, despite higher albendazole sulfone concentrations observed in both microsampling devices compared with wet matrices.
Pharmacokinetics of Albendazole, Albendazole Sulfoxide, and Albendazole Sulfone Determined from Plasma, Blood, Dried-Blood Spots, and Mitra Samples of Hookworm-Infected Adolescents — Schulz et al., Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- dbs
- neoteryx-mitra
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- tdm
- antimicrobials
2018
Metabolomics of TAP capillary blood matched venous draws for most metabolites, amino acids, bile acids and acyl-carnitines at r≥0.95; a small redox/energy subset differed with collection dynamics.
Quantitative metabolomics comparison of traditional blood draws and TAP capillary blood collection — Catala et al., Metabolomics (paywalled)
- venous-agreement
- blood
- metabolome
- capillary
- liquid
- yourbio
- validation
2018
The study found substantial agreement between serum tobramycin and vancomycin concentrations collected from existing peripheral or central venous catheters and those obtained by venipuncture or fingerstick in pediatric patients. This suggests that using a strict flush and waste protocol allows for therapeutic drug monitoring without additional painful needle sticks, thereby improving patient satisfaction.
Therapeutic antibiotic serum concentrations by two blood collection methods within the pediatric patient: A comparative effectiveness trial — Lichliter et al., Journal for specialists in pediatric nursing : JSPN (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- tdm
- antimicrobials
2018
In 36 participants undergoing a meal challenge, non-invasive optical glucose prediction achieved a mean absolute relative difference of 14.4% compared with YSI reference values, with 100% of readings in consensus error grid zones A and B. Capillary measurements using the device's invasive component showed 9.2% MARD, demonstrating the feasibility of calibrated optical monitoring for non-invasive glucose tracking.
Evaluation of a New Noninvasive Glucose Monitoring Device by Means of Standardized Meal Experiments — Pfützner et al., Journal of diabetes science and technology (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- cgm
- multimodal
2017
Dried VAMS and DBS samples collected at home and analysed after a median of three days showed poor agreement with standard venous or capillary blood for HbA1c monitoring. In contrast, wet VAMS samples analysed immediately demonstrated excellent agreement, indicating that sample drying and delayed analysis compromise reliability for decentralised HbA1c measurement.
Volumetric absorptive microsampling at home as an alternative tool for the monitoring of HbA1c in diabetes patients — Verougstraete et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- dried
- capillary
- vams
- dbs
- self-collection
- validation
- venous-agreement
- acceptability
- pediatric
2017
Real-time mCOP-PCR on fresh blood DNA gave identical SMN1 deletion genotypes to PCR-RFLP and reduced turnaround from over 12 hours to four hours, offering a faster first-tier diagnostic method for SMA.
SMA Diagnosis: Detection of SMN1 Deletion with Real-Time mCOP-PCR System Using Fresh Blood DNA — Niba et al., The Kobe journal of medical sciences (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- genotyping
2017
Self-collected capillary blood samples provided sufficient volume and quality for islet autoantibody testing in 98% of samples for GAD, IA-2 and ZnT8 and 84% for insulin autoantibodies, with upper 90% confidence bounds for unsuccessful collection of 4.4% and 19.3% respectively; despite 43% finding it uncomfortable or painful, 82% preferred home self-collection over outpatient venepuncture, supporting feasibility and acceptability of decentralised screening.
Use of self-collected capillary blood samples for islet autoantibody screening in relatives: a feasibility and acceptability study — Liu et al., Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- self-collection
- acceptability
2016
An evaluation of five saliva collection kits found that only Norgen and Stratec achieved DNA yields comparable to Oragene of 30 µg or more, whilst Oasis was the easiest for sample collection. All commercial kits outperformed an in-house protocol, offering viable, cost-effective options for decentralised sampling.
Comparative Study of Five Commercially Available Saliva Collection Kits for DNA Extraction — Deeley et al., Clinical laboratory (paywalled)
- dna-genotek-oragene
- liquid
- validation
- saliva
- genotyping
2016
The Infopia Element blood glucose meter showed acceptable precision, linearity and interference performance and met ISO 15197 accuracy criteria with 100 per cent of results in Clarke and consensus error grid zones A and B, but it exhibited a positive bias at low to mid glucose concentrations that may require further improvement for home use.
Analytical Performance Evaluation of Infopia Element™ Auto-coding Blood Glucose Monitoring System for Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose — Park et al., Journal of clinical laboratory analysis (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- venous-agreement
2016
In children with type 1 diabetes, ambulatory glucose profile showed mean absolute relative difference of 9.56% versus laboratory random glucose and 15.07% versus capillary glucose, with linear regression coefficients of 0.93 and 0.89 respectively, indicating acceptable agreement for outpatient glycaemic monitoring.
Evaluation of accuracy of ambulatory glucose profile in an outpatient setting in children with type 1 diabetes — Hulse et al., Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolism
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
- cgm
- multimodal
2015
MiniCollect 3.2% citrate small-volume tubes give PT/INR results equivalent to standard venipuncture and are suitable when a small blood volume is preferred; EDTA tubes do not agree with standard sampling.
Evaluation of small-volume tubes for venous and capillary PT (INR) samples — Onelöv et al., International journal of laboratory hematology (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
2014
The honest counterpoint: many liquid-urine parameters, creatinine, iodine, nitrogen and minerals, remained valid after 12–15 years frozen at −22 °C without preservative.
Long-term urine biobanking: storage stability of clinical-chemical parameters under moderate freezing without preservatives — Remer, Montenegro-Bethancourt & Shi, Clinical Biochemistry (paywalled)
- pediatric
- liquid
- urine
- validation
- biomarkers
2014
Collecting a first-void sample, not midstream, and combining it immediately with a DNA-conservation buffer markedly improves urinary HPV DNA detection: suboptimal collection otherwise underestimates true prevalence.
Optimization of HPV DNA detection in urine by improving collection, storage, and extraction — Vorsters et al., European J. Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases (paywalled)
- first-void
- hpv
- liquid
- urine
- validation
2014
A US survey of 3,400 adults aged 62 to 90 collected up to 15 biomeasures at home, including saliva, dried blood spots and urine, with Salivette and Oragene among the devices used, which shows that several patient-centric sampling methods can run together in home-based research.
Continuity and innovation in the data collection protocols of the second Wave of the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project — Jaszczak et al., The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences (paywalled)
- actigraphy
- multimodal
- blood
- dbs
- cortisol
- dna-genotek-oragene
- self-collection
- dried
- bd-microtainer
- hormones
- liquid
- urine
- saliva
- biomarkers
- genotyping
2014
Capillary earlobe blood (20 µl) from adults yielded RNA expression results comparable to venous blood for four mRNAs and microRNA‑126. This microsampling approach may enable gene expression profiling in newborns, children and patients requiring repeated sampling or with bleeding disorders.
Capillary earlobe blood may be used for RNA isolation, gene expression assays and microRNA quantification — Wehmeier & Hilberg, Molecular medicine reports (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
- pediatric
2014
Adherence to the artemether-lumefantrine regimen was low, with only 14.9% of patients definitely adherent; measurable lumefantrine concentrations were found in 14.4% of venous samples, indicating poor compliance and the need for ongoing adherence monitoring.
Adherence to artemether-lumefantrine drug combination: a rural community experience six years after change of malaria treatment policy in Tanzania — Minzi et al., Malaria journal
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- tdm
2014
Both the Sebia CAPILLARYS 2 Flex Piercing and the Tosoh G8 performed excellently for HbA1c determination with low imprecision and minimal bias. Capillary blood analysed on the Cap 2FP showed good agreement with venous blood and was stable at room temperature, making it an acceptable alternative for point of care testing and enabling home collection with central analysis to reduce healthcare costs without compromising quality.
Evaluation of the Sebia CAPILLARYS 2 flex piercing for the measurement of HbA(1c) on venous and capillary blood samples — Heylen et al., American journal of clinical pathology (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
2014
A patient-use blood glucose monitoring system achieved accuracy comparable to six professional-use point-of-care systems when capillary samples from 100 subjects were measured by trained staff under standardised conditions, with all seven systems showing 99.5 to 100 per cent of results within ISO 15197:2003 limits. This supports the case that decentralised, patient-centric capillary blood glucose measurement can match professional laboratory-aligned performance when sampling is standardised.
System accuracy evaluation of systems for point-of-care testing of blood glucose: a comparison of a patient-use system with six professional-use systems — Freckmann et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled)
- blood
- liquid
- capillary
- validation
- venous-agreement
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