The Emergence of Saliva as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Tool for Viral Infections
Oliveira et al.
The finding, in our words
This review found saliva comparable to blood and urine for detecting viral genetic material and antibodies, supporting patient-centric monitoring and decentralised surveillance. The authors state that standardised protocols and further validation are required for routine clinical use.
A paraphrase to the Library’s standard, never the abstract. The source is one link away and is always the authority.
This review establishes that microsampling across blood, saliva, urine and stool matrices offers validated workflows and regulatory recognition for human biomonitoring comparable to conventional methods. It finds that these decentralised approaches enhance participant acceptability and enable screening in remote or low-resource settings.
This review summarises progress toward integrating automated sample preparation with on-chip nucleic acid amplification for home testing of self-collected blood, urine, saliva and stool specimens. It identifies that user-friendly, combined systems may enable rapid, accurate molecular diagnostics outside central laboratories, which is relevant for decentralised infectious disease screening.
First-void urine is established as a reliable self-collected specimen for human papillomavirus screening, triage, and post-vaccination surveillance. The use of specialised collection devices and advanced molecular assays supports the integration of non-invasive sampling into routine cervical cancer prevention strategies.
This review identifies sample preparation as the key bottleneck limiting rapid home testing for infectious diseases, despite advances in nucleic acid amplification and signal transduction. It emphasises saliva, blood, urine and stool as primary self-collected specimens and discusses on-chip integration strategies to simplify operation for end-users, which could transform decentralised infectious disease diagnostics.
In 104 healthy adults who collected both 24-hour urine and saliva at home, salivary iodine concentration measured at specific post-meal intervals showed excellent correlation with urinary iodine excretion. This suggests timed saliva microsampling could replace cumbersome urine collection as a reliable biomarker for assessing iodine intake in decentralised diagnostics.