Comparison of a VLP-based and GST-L1-based multiplex immunoassay to detect vaccine-induced HPV-specific antibodies in first-void urine

A time-resolved fluorescence assay detected HPV16-specific IgG in first-void urine with strong correlation to paired serum across four immunoassays in 225 healthy women, supporting first-void urine as a non-invasive alternative to venous blood for HPV antibody monitoring.

Time-resolved fluorescence (TRF) for total IgG and HPV16-specific antibody detection in first-void urine and serum: A comparative study — Lipovac et al., Journal of virological methods · source ↗

• urine
• first-void
• validation
• venous-agreement
• serology
• hpv

First-void urine IgG remained stable for at least 14 days at room temperature when stored with conservation medium. Amicon filtration with Melon Gel purification enriched HPV16-specific IgG that correlated strongly with serum levels, supporting non-invasive disease monitoring and vaccine impact assessment.

Stability, enrichment, and quantification of total and HPV16-specific IgG present in first-void urine — Téblick et al., Scientific reports · source ↗

• urine
• first-void
• validation
• serology
• hpv

First-void urine tested on the GeneXpert platform detected high-risk HPV DNA with 84.8 per cent sensitivity and 92.3 per cent specificity compared with clinician-collected cervical samples, with substantial agreement (kappa 0.77) and high patient acceptability among 100 HIV-positive women in Zambia, suggesting that decentralised urine self-sampling with an EDTA preservative could widen cervical cancer screening coverage where invasive methods deter uptake.

Utilizing first void urine for high-risk HPV testing for cervical cancer screening in HIV-positive women in Katete, Zambia — Kaoma et al., BMC women's health · source ↗

• acceptability
• first-void
• serology
• hpv
• urine
• validation

Pooled sensitivity of 78% and specificity of 89% for high-risk HPV in first-void urine indicate acceptable diagnostic test accuracy for cervical HPV, supporting its use as a non-invasive decentralised screening option.

Diagnostic Test Accuracy of First-Void Urine Human Papillomaviruses for Presence Cervical HPV in Women: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis — Bober et al., International journal of environmental research and public health · source ↗

• first-void
• serology
• hpv
• urine
• validation

This study demonstrates for the first time that HPV vaccine antibodies can be detected in first-void urine from young women, with levels correlating strongly to serum (Spearman r 0.64–0.88). This non-invasive approach could support large-scale epidemiological studies and vaccine monitoring, reducing the need for venous blood draws, though further optimisation and validation is needed.

First-void urine as a non-invasive liquid biopsy source to detect vaccine-induced human papillomavirus antibodies originating from cervicovaginal secretions — Van Keer et al., Journal of clinical virology : the official publication of the Pan American Society for Clinical Virology (paywalled) · source ↗

• venous-agreement
• first-void
• serology
• hpv
• liquid-biopsy
• urine
• validation