Using pooled urogenital, anorectal and oropharyngeal specimens to detect <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> and <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> among men who have sex with men in China: a multisite diagnostic accuracy study
Jiang et al.
The finding, in our words
This multisite diagnostic accuracy study evaluated pooling strategies for detecting Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae using self-collected first-void urine and clinician-collected swabs from 437 men who have sex with men. Both ex-ante and ex-post pooling approaches showed high sensitivity and specificity compared with single-specimen testing, with ex-post pooling achieving 100% sensitivity for gonorrhoea, supporting decentralised screening programmes.
A paraphrase to the Library’s standard, never the abstract. The source is one link away and is always the authority.
This meta-analysis found that HPV testing using self-collected vaginal and urine samples showed sensitivities of 88.6% and 81% for detecting cervical precancer. Using a standardised device for first-void urine increased sensitivity to 86.6%, supporting decentralised patient-centric screening, though data on specificity and specific commercial devices were not consistently reported.
Hsiao et al., The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research (paywalled) · source ↗
This meta-analysis found that self-collected urine samples for HPV testing had lower sensitivity for detecting high-grade lesions compared to physician-collected cervical specimens. The use of a first-void collection device such as Colli-Pee was associated with marginally higher sensitivity than general urine sampling.
Chen et al., Journal of lower genital tract disease (paywalled) · source ↗
Vaginal self-sampling achieved higher pooled sensitivity and specificity than urine self-sampling for detecting high-risk HPV, making it the preferred option, while urine self-sampling remains a useful non-invasive choice for under-screened populations.
For decentralised testing, a study found dry vaginal self-samples using Copan FLOQSwabs stored up to two weeks at room temperature maintain DNA quality. However, first-void urine collected with the Colli-Pee device may be less sensitive for HPV detection, showing lower positivity and higher cycle threshold values, median Ct 30 versus 27 for other samples.
Chu et al., BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · source ↗
Genital swabs demonstrated a significantly higher human papillomavirus positivity rate than self-collected urine samples or urethral swabs in men, suggesting that urine may be a less sensitive matrix for screening in this population.