Skip to content
OpenSampling

2026 · Physiological reports · open access

Salivary estradiol and progesterone across the menstrual cycle: Association and agreement with serum concentrations

Goldenstein et al.

The finding, in our words

Self-collected salivary progesterone and the ratio of estradiol to progesterone showed strong agreement with serum levels, supporting the use of saliva as a noninvasive matrix for monitoring the menstrual cycle.

A paraphrase to the Library’s standard, never the abstract. The source is one link away and is always the authority.

Labels

  1. 2026

    In a study of 46 perinatal nicotine users, dried blood spots and saliva were used weekly to measure reproductive hormones, finding that lower postpartum estradiol and greater peripartum declines in oxytocin were associated with increased nicotine craving and use. This demonstrates the feasibility of decentralised microsampling and remote surveys for longitudinal hormone tracking in vulnerable populations.

    Exploring hormonal influences on nicotine craving and use across the perinatal period: A prospective longitudinal studyAllen et al., Drug and alcohol dependence reports (paywalled) · source ↗

    • dct
    • blood
    • dbs
    • cortisol
    • self-collection
    • dried
    • fertility
    • hormones
    • saliva
  2. 2026

    Home DBS sampling gave testosterone results that agreed well with venous blood in men on intramuscular testosterone undecanoate, but showed falsely high values in those using topical gel, likely from skin contamination. Patients preferred home collection for its convenience, suggesting DBS is viable for decentralised monitoring of injectable testosterone if patients are taught proper technique.

    From venipuncture to self-sampling dried blood spots: a shift in monitoring testosterone levelsOlthof et al., Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine (paywalled) · source ↗

    • blood
    • dried
    • capillary
    • dbs
    • self-collection
    • validation
    • venous-agreement
    • acceptability
    • fertility
    • hormones
    • tdm
  3. 2025

    All five at-home urine ovulation predictor kits demonstrated high accuracy (92–97%) when compared with blood LH levels, though sensitivity varied widely from 38% to 77% with Clinical Guard the lowest. Patient experience was comparable across kits, though Clinical Guard was slightly less favoured for future use.

    Similar accuracy and patient experience with different one-step ovulation predictor kitsVanderhoff et al., Fertility and sterility (paywalled) · source ↗

    • blood
    • urine
    • self-collection
    • validation
    • venous-agreement
    • acceptability
    • fertility
    • hormones
  4. 2024

    The study found excellent agreement between hCG levels measured in remotely collected capillary blood and standard venous samples, with a near-perfect correlation. This demonstrates that remote self-collection is a feasible and acceptable alternative for serial pregnancy monitoring, reducing the need for clinic visits.

    Proof-of-concept study: Remote capillary blood collection for hCG analysis in early pregnancyJoyce et al., European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology (paywalled) · source ↗

    • venous-agreement
    • acceptability
    • blood
    • self-collection
    • capillary
    • fertility
    • hormones
    • liquid
  5. 2024

    This study found that dried blood spot samples stored at room temperature for four years correlated highly with serum measurements for testosterone and androstenedione, indicating that hematocrit adjustment may be unnecessary for serial monitoring in home-based self-sampling.

    Dried blood spot sampling of testosterone microdosing in healthy femalesDesai et al., The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology (paywalled) · source ↗

    • blood
    • dried
    • capillary
    • dbs
    • self-collection
    • validation
    • venous-agreement
    • fertility
    • hormones
    • haematocrit