Monitoring blood lactate dynamics through sweat and interstitial fluid biofluids
Boscarino et al.
The finding, in our words
In healthy adults performing aerobic exercise, microneedle-based interstitial fluid lactate correlated strongly with capillary blood lactate, while sweat lactate and pH showed weaker correlations; heart rate showed a moderate correlation. These findings support the use of minimally invasive interstitial fluid lactate monitoring as a proxy for blood lactate in real-time training and decentralised care.
A paraphrase to the Library’s standard, never the abstract. The source is one link away and is always the authority.
In adults with type 1 diabetes, Dexcom G7 and FreeStyle Libre 3 showed high accuracy during physical activity, whereas the Simplera system was less accurate; this matters for selecting devices in decentralised monitoring.
Sanfilippo et al., Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · source ↗
Salivary cortisol is suitable as an adjunctive measure in decentralised monitoring, with lateral-flow assays providing rapid low-cost discrete measurements and wearable platforms enabling higher-frequency collection but facing biofouling and calibration challenges. Suitability requires validation in authentic saliva against reference methods, not merely low detection limits.
This review establishes that microsampling across blood, saliva, urine and stool matrices offers validated workflows and regulatory recognition for human biomonitoring comparable to conventional methods. It finds that these decentralised approaches enhance participant acceptability and enable screening in remote or low-resource settings.
Wearable biochemical monitoring requires a complete measurement chain that integrates quality-controlled biofluid sampling, sensor fusion and metadata capture to convert raw sensor outputs into clinically valid digital biomarkers.
In a Phase 1 crossover study of etrasimod, self-collected blood microsamples yielded pharmacokinetic exposures comparable to conventional venous sampling, both with and without participant practice sessions. Continuous wearable sensors concurrently enabled real-time remote monitoring of safety vital signs and electrocardiograms, demonstrating the viability of hybrid decentralised designs in early-phase clinical trials.
Malhotra et al., Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · source ↗