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OpenSampling

2019 · PloS one · open access

Infectious human adenoviruses are shed in urine even after disappearance of urethral symptoms

Hanaoka et al.

The finding, in our words

Human adenoviruses are frequently detected and isolated from first-void urine in patients with urethritis and can continue to be shed at high levels for up to 12 days after symptoms resolve, indicating prolonged viral excretion that matters for decentralised diagnostics.

A paraphrase to the Library’s standard, never the abstract. The source is one link away and is always the authority.

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  1. 2026

    First-void urine samples showed significantly higher detection rates of HPV-specific IgG antibodies compared to midstream urine, confirming the necessity of capturing the initial stream. The study found no significant difference between 10 mL and 20 mL collection volumes, indicating flexibility in device specifications for self-collection.

    The importance of first-void urine for assessing HPV-specific antibodies: A comparison with midstream urineVan Caesbroeck et al., Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · source ↗

    • first-void
    • sti
    • self-collection
    • serology
    • hpv
    • urine
  2. 2025

    First-void urine PCR identified Ureaplasma urealyticum in 19% of symptomatic men, alongside other pathogens, confirming that patient-collected urine samples provide valid diagnostic results for STI screening outside traditional clinical settings.

    Investigation of mycoplasma and ureaplasma species using a molecular method in male patients suffering from urethritis symptoms: a cross-sectional study in the city of AntalyaKarpuz et al., BMC urology · source ↗

    • first-void
    • sti
    • serology
    • urine
  3. 2024

    The bivalent HPV vaccine showed 100 percent effectiveness against vaccine types 16 and 18 seven years post-vaccination in Thai schoolgirls, but only 32.8 percent effectiveness against other high-risk types, indicating limited cross-protection. The study used first-void urine self-collection for HPV DNA detection, demonstrating a scalable, non-invasive approach for vaccine effectiveness monitoring in decentralised settings.

    Effectiveness of HPV vaccine as part of national immunization program for preventing HPV infection in Thai schoolgirls after seven years post-vaccinationNilyanimit et al., Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · source ↗

    • first-void
    • sti
    • self-collection
    • serology
    • hpv
    • urine
  4. 2023

    In a review of 91 human adenovirus-associated urethritis cases, dysuria occurred in 84% and meatitis in 34% of patients, with adenovirus type D being the most common subtype identified in first-void urine and urethral smears. Multiplex PCR screening for adenovirus in non-gonococcal urethritis can help establish accurate diagnoses and avoid unnecessary treatments.

    Adenovirus-Associated Urethritis, a Not So Uncommon Entity. A Review of 91 CasesIdigoras et al., Sexually transmitted diseases (paywalled) · source ↗

    • urine
    • first-void
    • serology
    • sti
  5. 2022

    The study found comparable seropositivity for Chlamydia trachomatis and Toxoplasma gondii among male partners of infertile couples in Odisha, with 28 per cent showing anti-Chlamydia IgA and 28 per cent anti-Toxoplasma IgM antibodies. This demonstrates that first-void urine and seminal fluid can detect relevant infections, supporting their use in decentralised fertility screening programmes.

    Seropositivity of <i>Chlamydia trachomatis & Toxoplasma gondii</i> among male partners of infertile couples in Odisha, India: A facility-based exploratory studyNaik et al., The Indian journal of medical research · source ↗

    • first-void
    • blood
    • sti
    • serology
    • fertility
    • urine