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OpenSampling

2026 · Frontiers in oncology · open access

Comparative performance of hrHPV testing and PAX1/ZNF671 methylation in triaging women with abnormal cytology: a study of paired urine, vaginal and cervical scrape samples

Wang et al.

The finding, in our words

In women with abnormal cytology, hrHPV testing and PAX1/ZNF671 methylation were assessed across paired self-collected urine and vaginal samples versus clinician cervical scrapes. Methylation markers showed high area under the ROC curve for CIN3+ and strong correlation with lesion severity, and the optimal PAX1/ZNF671 panel achieved high sensitivity for CIN2+ in cervical samples but lower sensitivity in urine and vaginal samples, indicating cervical samples are optimal for methylation testing while urine and vaginal self-collection may be useful for hrHPV triage.

A paraphrase to the Library’s standard, never the abstract. The source is one link away and is always the authority.

Labels

  1. 2024

    The current state of DNA methylation biomarkers in self-collected liquid biopsies for the early detection of cervical cancer: a literature review

    This literature review found that DNA methylation markers on self-collected urine or cervicovaginal swabs detected cervical intraepithelial neoplasia as well as cytology. The combination could improve screening uptake and reduce loss to follow-up, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, though more evidence is needed to identify the most efficacious methylation tests.

    Sumiec et al., Infectious agents and cancer · source ↗

    • urine
    • self-collection
    • validation
    • hpv
    • sti
    • biomarkers
    • liquid-biopsy
  2. 2026

    Diagnostic Performance of HPV Testing Using Self-Collected Urine and Vaginal Samples for Detecting Cervical Precancer or Worse: A Meta-Analysis

    This meta-analysis found that HPV testing using self-collected vaginal and urine samples showed sensitivities of 88.6% and 81% for detecting cervical precancer. Using a standardised device for first-void urine increased sensitivity to 86.6%, supporting decentralised patient-centric screening, though data on specificity and specific commercial devices were not consistently reported.

    Hsiao et al., The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research (paywalled) · source ↗

    • urine
    • first-void
    • self-collection
    • validation
    • hpv
    • sti
  3. 2026

    Evaluating DNA methylation markers and extended HPV genotyping in first-void urine for detecting high-grade cervical lesions in HPV-positive women: a cross-sectional study

    DNA methylation markers in first-void urine effectively detect high-grade cervical lesions in HPV-positive women, with results similar to clinician-collected samples in those over 30. This enables reliable cervical cancer screening using self-collected urine, reducing the need for invasive follow-up procedures in decentralised settings.

    Tranberg et al., BMC medicine · source ↗

    • colli-pee
    • first-void
    • self-collection
    • hpv
    • urine
    • biomarkers
    • genotyping
  4. 2026

    Comparative efficacy, feasibility and acceptability of HPV DNA testing on first-void urine versus self-collected vaginal samples: a real-world study in a resource-limited setting

    A study of 2500 women found 99.0% agreement between first-void urine and vaginal self-sampling for HPV detection using Cobas4800, with 98.1% of participants preferring urine. Although conducted in a resource-limited setting which may limit generalisability, these results support urine as a viable sample type for decentralised, patient-centric screening.

    Bose et al., BMJ global health · source ↗

    • urine
    • first-void
    • self-collection
    • acceptability
    • hpv
    • sti
  5. 2026

    Comparison of self-collected vaginal swabs and first-void urine for detection of human papillomavirus in sexually active girls and women in three South Asian countries

    This study found that self-collected vaginal swabs and first-void urine yielded comparable detection rates for vaccine-targeted high-risk HPV types, supporting the use of both patient-centric methods for decentralised surveillance. Vaginal swabs showed higher sensitivity for non-vaccine types, whereas urine sampling offers a non-invasive alternative.

    Telele et al., PloS one · source ↗

    • urine
    • first-void
    • self-collection
    • hpv
    • sti