Clinic-based evaluation of the dual Xpert CT/NG assay on the GeneXpert System for screening for extragenital chlamydial and gonococcal infections amongst men who have sex with men
Cordioli et al.
The finding, in our words
The Xpert CT/NG assay showed high specificity and moderate-to-high sensitivity for chlamydia and gonorrhoea in urine and rectal specimens, though pharyngeal sensitivity was lower. High acceptability among men who have sex with men and rapid turnaround support its use for decentralised STI screening with immediate treatment initiation.
A paraphrase to the Library’s standard, never the abstract. The source is one link away and is always the authority.
Urine-based HPV testing demonstrated 74% sensitivity and 52% specificity for detecting CIN2+, with performance improving when first-void collection and PCR-based assays were used. Although less sensitive than clinician-collected cervical samples, urine testing was preferred by over 90% of women, indicating potential as a complementary screening strategy to improve uptake.
First-void urine self-collection for HPV testing showed good agreement with cervical samples using the COBAS assay (kappa 0.66) but only moderate agreement with CLART (kappa 0.47). The COBAS assay achieved 63.9% sensitivity and 96.5% specificity with far fewer invalid results than CLART (1.8% versus 26.9%), and 42% of women preferred urine sampling, indicating that urine-based HPV testing is an acceptable decentralised option but requires improved analytical performance before implementation for non-participants.
This meta-analysis found that HPV testing using self-collected vaginal and urine samples showed sensitivities of 88.6% and 81% for detecting cervical precancer. Using a standardised device for first-void urine increased sensitivity to 86.6%, supporting decentralised patient-centric screening, though data on specificity and specific commercial devices were not consistently reported.
A study of 2500 women found 99.0% agreement between first-void urine and vaginal self-sampling for HPV detection using Cobas4800, with 98.1% of participants preferring urine. Although conducted in a resource-limited setting which may limit generalisability, these results support urine as a viable sample type for decentralised, patient-centric screening.
First-void urine and self-collected vaginal swabs showed similar sensitivity and specificity to clinician-collected cervical samples for high-risk HPV detection across two real-time PCR assays, supporting their use as decentralised, patient-collected alternatives; most women preferred first-void urine for regular cervical screening.