2019 · International journal of biological macromolecules · paywalled
Bioassay of saliva proteins: The best alternative for conventional methods in non-invasive diagnosis of cancer
Eftekhari et al.
The finding, in our words
Salivary protein bioassays, including electrochemical, optical, and DNA-based biosensors, enable sensitive and non-invasive detection of cancer biomarkers without complex sample preparation. These analytical approaches show potential for multiplexed, real-time testing and future home-based diagnostic kits.
A paraphrase to the Library’s standard, never the abstract. The source is one link away and is always the authority.
The study developed a curcumin-embedded paper sensor for bilirubin detection in saliva, coupled with an IoT-enabled hand-held reader. Clinical testing in 18 jaundiced infants demonstrated good correlation with reference methods for both salivary and blood bilirubin, indicating utility for decentralised neonatal jaundice monitoring.
A graphene lab-on-a-chip device achieved high accuracy and precision for multiplex renal biomarker testing in serum and saliva, with sensitivities ranging from 89.0 to 99.7 per cent. Untrained volunteers produced results comparable to trained chemists, suggesting the device is suitable for patient-centric at-home diagnostics and could improve access to chronic kidney disease monitoring.
Electrochemical aptamer biosensors measured glucose and adenosine monophosphate in undiluted saliva with pico- to nanomolar sensitivity and remained reusable for up to seven days after storage. This noninvasive approach could support point-of-care diagnosis and at-home monitoring without the need for blood draws.
The study reports a colorimetric assay using plasmonic gold nanostructures that change colour in saliva to detect hyperglycaemia, with a dipstick prototype developed for home testing. This non-invasive method could support large-scale diabetic screening and monitoring, overcoming bio-matrix interference issues that typically affect saliva-based glucose detection.
Saliva samples collected using the OMNIgene ORAL device and oral wash samples remain stable for microbiome diversity and relative abundance analyses for up to five years when stored at -80°C. This supports the use of these self-collection methods for long-term prospective biobanking and decentralised clinical studies.