2024 · Diabetes technology & therapeutics · open access
Comparator Data Characteristics and Testing Procedures for the Clinical Performance Evaluation of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems
Eichenlaub et al.
The finding, in our words
The authors propose that CGM performance testing should include at least 7.5% of comparator blood glucose values in hypoglycaemic (≤70 mg/dL) and hyperglycaemic (≥300 mg/dL) ranges, plus 7.5% showing rapid changes, with a protocol to manipulate glucose levels accordingly. This would harmonise evaluation standards across studies and ensure CGM systems are validated under clinically relevant real-life scenarios essential for reliable decentralised monitoring.
A paraphrase to the Library’s standard, never the abstract. The source is one link away and is always the authority.
This review establishes that microsampling across blood, saliva, urine and stool matrices offers validated workflows and regulatory recognition for human biomonitoring comparable to conventional methods. It finds that these decentralised approaches enhance participant acceptability and enable screening in remote or low-resource settings.
Over-the-counter continuous glucose monitors demonstrated reasonable agreement with overall capillary blood glucose trends in individuals without diabetes, yielding an overall mean absolute relative difference of 12.9%. However, sensor accuracy decreased following carbohydrate consumption, suggesting caution is required when using these devices for diagnostic cut-offs or exact-value monitoring.
Prakash et al., Journal of diabetes science and technology (paywalled) · source ↗
In adults with type 2 diabetes and end-stage kidney failure on haemodialysis, real-time continuous glucose monitoring improved time in glycaemic target range and reduced time above range compared with capillary blood glucose testing, while time below range remained minimal and unchanged. This suggests patient-centric glucose monitoring may benefit this high-risk population, though further studies are needed to confirm these benefits.
Real-time continuous glucose monitoring proved accurate and reliable in 35 children with diabetic ketoacidosis in a paediatric intensive care unit, with 95% of readings falling within clinically acceptable zones when compared with point-of-care capillary and serum glucose measurements. Acidosis did not impair accuracy, supporting CGM use in acute paediatric care.
Pott et al., Journal of diabetes science and technology (paywalled) · source ↗
Non-invasive and minimally invasive blood glucose monitoring techniques enable continuous tracking without pain, although traditional invasive methods retain superior accuracy relative to reference blood glucose measurements. Emerging wearable biosensors and alternative matrices such as interstitial fluid, saliva, and sweat offer promising solutions to enhance patient compliance and quality of life.
Ahmadian et al., Journal of medical engineering & technology (paywalled) · source ↗